Question 1

Slowing of the electrical impulse at the AV node is necessary to allow time for the ________ to fill with blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  coronary sinus 
B)  coronary arteries 
C)  ventricles 
D)  atria 
A)  coronary sinus 
B)  coronary arteries 
C)  ventricles 
D)  atria

Question 2

Which of the following uses for ultrasound is NOT indicated in the prehospital setting?

Accepted Answer

A)  Suprapubic, to identify the outline of the urinary bladder and uterus 
B)  Cardiac, to identify the cardiac wall motion and pericardial space 
C)  Umbilical, to identify the gestation age and sex of the fetus 
D)  Left upper quadrant, to identify the diaphragm and the spleen 
A)  Suprapubic, to identify the outline of the urinary bladder and uterus 
B)  Cardiac, to identify the cardiac wall motion and pericardial space 
C)  Umbilical, to identify the gestation age and sex of the fetus 
D)  Left upper quadrant, to identify the diaphragm and the spleen

Question 3

When oxygen is not bound to the iron molecule of hemoglobin, the iron molecule is in the ferrous (Fe2+) charge state, rather than when oxygen changes the charge of iron to the ferric (Fe3+) state. A dangerous form of hemoglobin that is unable to oxidize is:

Accepted Answer

A)  methemoglobin (MetHb). 
B)  deoxyhemoglobin (DeoHb). 
C)  oxyhemoglobin (OxHb). 
D)  carboxyhemoglobin (COxHb). 
A)  methemoglobin (MetHb). 
B)  deoxyhemoglobin (DeoHb). 
C)  oxyhemoglobin (OxHb). 
D)  carboxyhemoglobin (COxHb).

Question 4

At standard speed, a 1 mm box on ECG paper represents ________ seconds.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.12 
B)  0.04 
C)  0.08 
D)  0.1 
A)  0.12 
B)  0.04 
C)  0.08 
D)  0.1

Question 5

The SA and AV nodes are perfused by the ________ artery.

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior descending 
B)  right coronary 
C)  left coronary 
D)  circumflex coronary 
A)  anterior descending 
B)  right coronary 
C)  left coronary 
D)  circumflex coronary

Question 6

Lung perfusion depends on all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  efficient pumping of blood by the heart. 
B)  intact pulmonary capillaries. 
C)  an intact alveolar membrane. 
D)  adequate blood volume. 
A)  efficient pumping of blood by the heart. 
B)  intact pulmonary capillaries. 
C)  an intact alveolar membrane. 
D)  adequate blood volume.

Question 7

A 12-lead ECG that reveals ST elevation in all of the precordial leads most indicates myocardial:

Accepted Answer

A)  injury to the right ventricle, left ventricle, and septum. 
B)  injury to the right ventricle and septum. 
C)  infarction to the left and right ventricles. 
D)  ischemia to the left ventricle and septum. 
A)  injury to the right ventricle, left ventricle, and septum. 
B)  injury to the right ventricle and septum. 
C)  infarction to the left and right ventricles. 
D)  ischemia to the left ventricle and septum.

Question 8

The normal range of hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the adult male patient would be closest to:

Accepted Answer

A)  9.9-14.5 g/dL. 
B)  9.9-14.5 mg/dL. 
C)  14-17.4 g/dL. 
D)  14-17.4 mg/dL. 
A)  9.9-14.5 g/dL. 
B)  9.9-14.5 mg/dL. 
C)  14-17.4 g/dL. 
D)  14-17.4 mg/dL.

Question 9

Your patient is a 44-year-old woman, alert and oriented, in moderate distress and complaining of difficulty breathing. She gives a one-week history of fever and malaise, with shortness of breath developing three days ago. She also has left-sided chest pain with deep inspiration and a "phlegmy" cough. Physical examination reveals hot, pale, dry skin, and rhonchi and crackles throughout the left lung. The right lung sounds are clear. HR = 134, BP = 88/64, RR = 24, SaO2 = 92%. She has a history of two previous myocardial infarctions and takes nitroglycerin as needed. Which of the following is the best course of prehospital management?

Accepted Answer

A)  Endotracheal intubation, ventilation with supplemental oxygen, nebulized albuterol and Atrovent, and corticosteroids IV 
B)  Albuterol via nebulizer with 100 percent oxygen 
C)  Oxygen via nonrebreather mask 
D)  Oxygen via CPAP 
A)  Endotracheal intubation, ventilation with supplemental oxygen, nebulized albuterol and Atrovent, and corticosteroids IV 
B)  Albuterol via nebulizer with 100 percent oxygen 
C)  Oxygen via nonrebreather mask 
D)  Oxygen via CPAP

Question 10

ETCO2 is recorded during phase ________ of the capnogram.

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Question 11

You are working at the triage desk in the ED when a young man on crutches approaches the desk. He appears moderately short of breath. He states he had a cast put on his left leg seven days ago after surgery for a ruptured Achilles tendon. This morning, while he was watching television, he suddenly became short of breath. He has a history of asthma, for which he takes Xopenex as needed, and is taking Tylenol with codeine for pain related to his surgery. The patient's lung sounds are clear and equal, SpO2 is 90 percent on room air, heart rate is 100 and regular, respirations are 24 and slightly labored, blood pressure is 128/88 mmHg, and the patient is afebrile. These findings are most consistent with:

Accepted Answer

A)  allergic reaction to codeine. 
B)  COPD exacerbated by recent anesthesia. 
C)  pneumonia secondary to recent anesthesia. 
D)  pulmonary embolism associated with immobilization of the lower extremity. 
A)  allergic reaction to codeine. 
B)  COPD exacerbated by recent anesthesia. 
C)  pneumonia secondary to recent anesthesia. 
D)  pulmonary embolism associated with immobilization of the lower extremity.

Question 12

Which of the following describes the ability of a cardiac cell to propagate the electrical impulse to another cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conductivity 
B)  Contractility 
C)  Excitability 
D)  Automaticity 
A)  Conductivity 
B)  Contractility 
C)  Excitability 
D)  Automaticity

Question 13

Which of the following is a traumatic mechanism by which a myocardial injury can be produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blunt chest trauma 
B)  Penetrating chest trauma 
C)  Traumatic brain injury 
D)  Rapid deceleration 
A)  Blunt chest trauma 
B)  Penetrating chest trauma 
C)  Traumatic brain injury 
D)  Rapid deceleration

Question 14

Which of the following can be determined by lead II cardiac monitoring?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive deflection 
B)  Chamber enlargement 
C)  Axis deviation 
D)  Presence of a myocardial infarction, but not its location 
A)  Positive deflection 
B)  Chamber enlargement 
C)  Axis deviation 
D)  Presence of a myocardial infarction, but not its location

Question 15

When the ECG paper is traveling at the standard rate of 25 mm/sec, a large box in the horizontal direction equals:

Accepted Answer

A)  0.08 seconds. 
B)  0.12 seconds. 
C)  0.20 seconds. 
D)  0.24 seconds. 
A)  0.08 seconds. 
B)  0.12 seconds. 
C)  0.20 seconds. 
D)  0.24 seconds.

Question 16

Which of the following endocrine substances acts as a marker for congestive heart failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  BNP 
B)  Angiotensin 
C)  ACTH 
D)  Troponin 
A)  BNP 
B)  Angiotensin 
C)  ACTH 
D)  Troponin

Question 17

Your patient is a 15-year-old asthmatic who has been having difficulty breathing for 45 minutes, but does not have his Xopenex inhaler with him. Capnography shows an ETCO2 of 45 mmHg. What is the best way to interpret this finding?

Accepted Answer

A)  This is a normal ETCO2, indicating that this is a mild asthma attack. 
B)  The patient's ETCO2 first dropped as he began to hyperventilate but now is rising again and may continue to rise to dangerous levels. 
C)  This is a high ETCO2, and the patient requires immediate ventilatory assistance to prevent respiratory arrest. 
D)  This is a low ETCO2, indicating that the patient is hyperventilating, and thus in the early stages of an asthma attack. 
A)  This is a normal ETCO2, indicating that this is a mild asthma attack. 
B)  The patient's ETCO2 first dropped as he began to hyperventilate but now is rising again and may continue to rise to dangerous levels. 
C)  This is a high ETCO2, and the patient requires immediate ventilatory assistance to prevent respiratory arrest. 
D)  This is a low ETCO2, indicating that the patient is hyperventilating, and thus in the early stages of an asthma attack.

Question 18

Which of the following cardiac enzymes and biomarkers is NOT measured and analyzed to help confirm a myocardial infarction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Creatine kinase (CK-II M
B)  
B)  Myoglobin 
C)  Troponin I 
D)  B-natriuretic peptide (BNP) 
A)  Creatine kinase (CK-II M
B)  
B)  Myoglobin 
C)  Troponin I 
D)  B-natriuretic peptide (BNP)

Question 19

There are three large boxes between R waves on an ECG tracing. What is the heart rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  50 
B)  75 
C)  150 
D)  100 
A)  50 
B)  75 
C)  150 
D)  100

Question 20

Which of the following is the most important determinant of ventilatory rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Arterial PO2 
B)  Venous PCO2 
C)  Venous PO2 
D)  Arterial PCO2 
A)  Arterial PO2 
B)  Venous PCO2 
C)  Venous PO2 
D)  Arterial PCO2

Slowing of the electrical impulse at the AV node is necessary to allow time for the ________ to fill with blood.

Which of the following uses for ultrasound is NOT indicated in the prehospital setting?

When oxygen is not bound to the iron molecule of hemoglobin, the iron molecule is in the ferrous (Fe²⁺) charge state, rather than when oxygen changes the charge of iron to the ferric (Fe³⁺) state. A dangerous form of hemoglobin that is unable to oxidize is:

At standard speed, a 1 mm box on ECG paper represents ________ seconds.

The SA and AV nodes are perfused by the ________ artery.

Lung perfusion depends on all of the following EXCEPT:

A 12-lead ECG that reveals ST elevation in all of the precordial leads most indicates myocardial:

The normal range of hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the adult male patient would be closest to:

ETCO₂ is recorded during phase ________ of the capnogram.

Which of the following describes the ability of a cardiac cell to propagate the electrical impulse to another cell?

Which of the following is a traumatic mechanism by which a myocardial injury can be produced?

Which of the following can be determined by lead II cardiac monitoring?

When the ECG paper is traveling at the standard rate of 25 mm/sec, a large box in the horizontal direction equals:

Which of the following endocrine substances acts as a marker for congestive heart failure?

Your patient is a 15-year-old asthmatic who has been having difficulty breathing for 45 minutes, but does not have his Xopenex inhaler with him. Capnography shows an ETCO₂ of 45 mmHg. What is the best way to interpret this finding?

Which of the following cardiac enzymes and biomarkers is NOT measured and analyzed to help confirm a myocardial infarction?

There are three large boxes between R waves on an ECG tracing. What is the heart rate?

Which of the following is the most important determinant of ventilatory rate?

Scene Size-Up

Primary Assessment

Therapeutic Communications

History Taking

Secondary Assessment

Patient Assessment in the Field

Filters

Exam 6: Patient Monitoring Technology

Slowing of the electrical impulse at the AV node is necessary to allow time for the ________ to fill with blood.

Which of the following uses for ultrasound is NOT indicated in the prehospital setting?

When oxygen is not bound to the iron molecule of hemoglobin, the iron molecule is in the ferrous (Fe2+) charge state, rather than when oxygen changes the charge of iron to the ferric (Fe3+) state. A dangerous form of hemoglobin that is unable to oxidize is:

At standard speed, a 1 mm box on ECG paper represents ________ seconds.

The SA and AV nodes are perfused by the ________ artery.

Lung perfusion depends on all of the following EXCEPT:

A 12-lead ECG that reveals ST elevation in all of the precordial leads most indicates myocardial:

The normal range of hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the adult male patient would be closest to:

ETCO2 is recorded during phase ________ of the capnogram.

Which of the following describes the ability of a cardiac cell to propagate the electrical impulse to another cell?

Which of the following is a traumatic mechanism by which a myocardial injury can be produced?

Which of the following can be determined by lead II cardiac monitoring?

When the ECG paper is traveling at the standard rate of 25 mm/sec, a large box in the horizontal direction equals:

Which of the following endocrine substances acts as a marker for congestive heart failure?

Your patient is a 15-year-old asthmatic who has been having difficulty breathing for 45 minutes, but does not have his Xopenex inhaler with him. Capnography shows an ETCO2 of 45 mmHg. What is the best way to interpret this finding?

Which of the following cardiac enzymes and biomarkers is NOT measured and analyzed to help confirm a myocardial infarction?

There are three large boxes between R waves on an ECG tracing. What is the heart rate?

Which of the following is the most important determinant of ventilatory rate?

Scene Size-Up

Primary Assessment

Therapeutic Communications

History Taking

Secondary Assessment

Patient Assessment in the Field

Filters

When oxygen is not bound to the iron molecule of hemoglobin, the iron molecule is in the ferrous (Fe²⁺) charge state, rather than when oxygen changes the charge of iron to the ferric (Fe³⁺) state. A dangerous form of hemoglobin that is unable to oxidize is:

ETCO₂ is recorded during phase ________ of the capnogram.

Your patient is a 15-year-old asthmatic who has been having difficulty breathing for 45 minutes, but does not have his Xopenex inhaler with him. Capnography shows an ETCO₂ of 45 mmHg. What is the best way to interpret this finding?