Exam 2: The Methods of Social Psychology

Experiments are the best research method for finding causal relationships between variables because they incorporate ____________ and ____________ into their design.

Which of the following would be an example of random sampling in a survey designed to learn more about college students?

In an experiment, the control condition is

Which of the following is the best example of observational research?

One of the primary reasons field experiments are conducted is that they

The social psychologist Carol Dweck found that people who believe that intelligence is a matter of hard work actually study harder in school and get better grades.She used this finding to design an academic success program targeted to minority junior high school students.What does this illustrate about the connection between basic and applied research?

The primary difference between natural experiments and more typical laboratory experiments is that natural experiments do not normally involve random assignment.

Which of the following correlations indicates the lowest degree of relationship between two variables?

It is very common for magazines to conduct surveys in which readers voluntarily fill out survey cards and mail the cards to the publisher.The main problem with conducting a survey in this manner is that ____________.

Which of the following research methods is the best way to identify a causal relationship between two variables?

A person volunteers to participate in an experiment but is not told anything about what the experiment involved until after it was finished.The failure to inform this person about the experiment violates which ethical principle in research?

The textbook describes an experiment by Darley and Batson (1973)that looked at willingness to help in seminary students.In one condition, participants were made to hurry from one building to another by being told that they were late for the experiment.In the other condition, participants were only told to go over to another building in order to start the experiment.Both groups encountered a person lying on the ground on their way to the other building.The experimenter observed the participants from both groups and counted the number of people who stopped to check on the person lying on the ground.It was found that the participants who were in a hurry stopped much less frequently than the participants who were not in a hurry.In this experiment, what was the independent variable?

A biased sample would most likely result in which of the following?

A group of social psychologists are working on a research project with the aim of promoting condom use as a way to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases.This type of research project is probably best described as

The dependent variable in an experiment is the variable that is

An institutional review board (IRB)has reviewed a study and determined that participating in the study will likely make the participants feel uncomfortable and embarrassed.According to the textbook, could the IRB decide to allow the researchers to begin this study?

A research study does not need to be submitted to an institutional review board as long as the study does not use deception as part of the study design.

A statistically significant result depends on which two factors?

Social psychologists will often run pilot studies that are very similar to actual experiments that they intend to run later but that differ in that participants are used as consultants to check that the experiment instructions are understandable, that the scenarios are believable, and so forth.Running a pilot study such as this particularly helps to increase the ____________ of an experiment.

Which of the following scatterplot graphs displays the highest degree of relationship between variables?