Exam 3: C: Biological Foundations of Health and Illness

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Specific immunity, also known as adaptive immunity, is the body's ability to recognize and defend against specific pathogens or antigens. This type of immunity involves the production of antibodies and the activation of immune cells that are specifically targeted towards a particular pathogen. Examples of specific immunity include the production of antibodies against a specific virus or bacteria after an initial exposure, as well as the development of memory cells that allow for a faster and more effective immune response upon subsequent exposures.

On the other hand, nonspecific immunity, also known as innate immunity, is the body's general defense mechanism against a wide range of pathogens. This type of immunity is not targeted towards specific pathogens, but rather provides a broad and immediate response to any potential threat. Examples of nonspecific immunity include physical barriers such as the skin and mucous membranes, as well as immune cells like macrophages and natural killer cells that can recognize and destroy a variety of pathogens without the need for prior exposure.

In summary, specific immunity involves a targeted and adaptive response to specific pathogens, while nonspecific immunity provides a general and immediate defense against a wide range of potential threats. Both types of immunity work together to protect the body from infections and diseases.