Exam 2: Europeans Encounter the New World 1492-1600

"Wherefore,as best we can,we ask and require that you consider what we have said to you,and that you take the time that shall be necessary to understand and deliberate upon it,and that you acknowledge the Church as the ruler and superior of the whole world,and the high priest called Pope,and in his name the king and queen [of Spain] our lords,in his place,as superiors and lords and kings of these islands and this mainland ...and that you consent and permit that these religious fathers declare and preach to you....But if you do not do this or if you maliciously delay in doing it,I certify to you that with the help of God we shall forcefully enter into your country and shall make war against you in all ways and manners that we can,and shall subject you to the yoke and obedience of the Church and of their highnesses;we shall take you and your wives and your children and shall make slaves of them,and as such shall sell and dispose of them as their highnesses may command;and we shall take away your goods and shall do to you all the harm and damage that we can...." What did the requerimiento demand Native Americans do to avoid war and violence at the hands of the Spanish?

What was a long-term consequence of the catastrophic bubonic plague in Europe?

Who did Cortés enlist to help defeat the Mexicans in 1521?

What was the significance of Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe?

Identify and discuss how African slavery came to be associated with plantation labor on the Cape Verde Islands.

Which social class was made up of children who were born in the Spanish New World to parents who had emigrated from Spain?

Briefly explain results of the gender imbalance among Spanish immigrants in the New World during the sixteenth century.

Cite two reasons why Spain was able to conquer as much land and as many people as it did in order to become the dominant colonial power in the Americas during the sixteenth century.

The transatlantic exchange of goods,people,and ideas between the New World and Europe is referred to as the

Identify three key factors that enabled Cortés to conquer the Mexica and gain control of the Mexica Empire's capital.

How did a sea route to Asia affect Europe?

Briefly explain the Reconquest and its significance to the Portuguese exploration of Africa,led by Prince Henry the Navigator.

The distribution of conquered towns,the right to rule the Indians and the land around them,and the right to exact tribute and labor from the Indians was called

"Your greed for gold is blind.Your pride,your lust,your anger,your envy,your sloth,all blind....You are in mortal sin.And you are heading for damnation....For you are destroying an innocent people.For they are God's people,these innocents,whom you destroyed.By what right do you make them die? Mining gold for you in your mines or working for you in your fields,by what right do you unleash enslaving wars upon them? They have lived in peace in this land before you came,in peace in their own homes.They did nothing to harm you to cause you to slaughter them wholesale...." What was Montecino's main criticism of Spanish treatment of Native Americans in his 1511 sermon?

In the early 1500s,Martin Waldseemüller was among the very first to understand that

Christopher Columbus,like most educated Europeans,believed that

Why was Portugal an unlikely nation to lead Europe into the Age of Exploration?

A series of events and conditions existed in the Old World at the dawn of the fifteenth century that made New World exploration not only possible but also desirable.Identify these events and conditions and explain how each helped set the stage for exploration.

Martin Luther and the Catholic Church disagreed on

Which European power dominated the New World during the 1500s?