Question 1

ruling held that super PAC spending

Accepted Answer

A) must be coordinated with election campaigns. 
B) must not be coordinated with election campaigns. 
C) must go directly to election campaigns. 
D) must be preapproved by the Federal Election Commission. 
E) must be no more than $5,000 per federal candidate per election. 
A) must be coordinated with election campaigns. 
B) must not be coordinated with election campaigns. 
C) must go directly to election campaigns. 
D) must be preapproved by the Federal Election Commission. 
E) must be no more than $5,000 per federal candidate per election. B

Question 2

Super PACs have been criticized primarily for

Accepted Answer

A) being a tool that provides unfair advantages to liberal Democrats. 
B) leveling the playing field for monetary influence in federal elections. 
C) making it more likely that minor parties will gain control of government. 
D) giving too much influence to the wealthy. 
E) refusing to abide by FEC regulations. 
A) being a tool that provides unfair advantages to liberal Democrats. 
B) leveling the playing field for monetary influence in federal elections. 
C) making it more likely that minor parties will gain control of government. 
D) giving too much influence to the wealthy. 
E) refusing to abide by FEC regulations. D

Question 3

PAC contributions account for about ___ percent of total contributions to congressional campaigns.

Accepted Answer

A) 6 
B) 11 
C) 25 
D) 41 
E) 60 
A) 6 
B) 11 
C) 25 
D) 41 
E) 60 C

Question 4

James Madison's solution to the problem of factions (special interests)has,in the modern policy process,actually contributed to the problem by

Accepted Answer

A) suppressing the claims of special interests,thereby making it more difficult for them to get their opinions heard by officials. 
B) resulting in a fragmentation of authority among policymakers,thereby providing groups more opportunities to get their way. 
C) eroding the strength of political parties,thereby increasing the opportunity for group influence. 
D) weakening the legislative branch,thereby allowing groups to bully Congress into accepting their demands. 
E) eroding the power of the mass media,thereby increasing the opportunity for group influence. 
A) suppressing the claims of special interests,thereby making it more difficult for them to get their opinions heard by officials. 
B) resulting in a fragmentation of authority among policymakers,thereby providing groups more opportunities to get their way. 
C) eroding the strength of political parties,thereby increasing the opportunity for group influence. 
D) weakening the legislative branch,thereby allowing groups to bully Congress into accepting their demands. 
E) eroding the power of the mass media,thereby increasing the opportunity for group influence.

Question 5

ultimately led to the creation of

Accepted Answer

A) Super PACs. 
B) PACs. 
C) election reform. 
D) independent-expenditure-committees (IECs). 
E) the AARP. 
A) Super PACs. 
B) PACs. 
C) election reform. 
D) independent-expenditure-committees (IECs). 
E) the AARP.

Question 6

Identify the defining characteristics of an interest group.How do interest groups differ from political parties?

Accepted Answer

An interest group is any organization th

Question 7

Citizens' interest groups are distinguished from economic interest groups by the fact that

Accepted Answer

A) their leaders are elected by secret ballot of the group's members. 
B) their members receive no direct economic benefit from attainment of the group's goals. 
C) they do not lobby government officials directly,but rely instead on public service announcements to get their views across to society. 
D) they always pursue goals in which there is a high level of agreement among society members. 
E) All of these answers are correct. 
A) their leaders are elected by secret ballot of the group's members. 
B) their members receive no direct economic benefit from attainment of the group's goals. 
C) they do not lobby government officials directly,but rely instead on public service announcements to get their views across to society. 
D) they always pursue goals in which there is a high level of agreement among society members. 
E) All of these answers are correct.

Question 8

The dominant labor interest group is

Accepted Answer

A) the Teamsters Union. 
B) United Auto Workers. 
C) the AFL-CIO. 
D) the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. 
E) the Communication Workers of America. 
A) the Teamsters Union. 
B) United Auto Workers. 
C) the AFL-CIO. 
D) the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. 
E) the Communication Workers of America.

Question 9

Theodore Lowi's theory of interest-group liberalism

Accepted Answer

A) constitutes a partial and wrongful abdication by government of its authority over policy. 
B) argues that lawmakers are rightly prevented from using government to promote group interests. 
C) posits that interest groups result in an efficient use of society's resources. 
D) describes the effect of groups on policy,resulting in a system of rule by majorities. 
E) deals with the tendency of officials to support the policy demands of the interest group or groups that have a special stake in a policy. 
A) constitutes a partial and wrongful abdication by government of its authority over policy. 
B) argues that lawmakers are rightly prevented from using government to promote group interests. 
C) posits that interest groups result in an efficient use of society's resources. 
D) describes the effect of groups on policy,resulting in a system of rule by majorities. 
E) deals with the tendency of officials to support the policy demands of the interest group or groups that have a special stake in a policy.

Question 10

Political scientist Theodore Lowi has questioned pluralist theory by suggesting that

Accepted Answer

A) special interests should never receive benefits from government. 
B) there is no concept of the public interest in a system that gives special interests the ability to determine the policies affecting them. 
C) policies that favor a series of minorities are inherently fairer than policies that ignore small groups in favor of a majority. 
D) the sum of people's special interests is a rough approximation of society's collective interest. 
E) Madisonian theory has created a perfect balance of special interest and common good. 
A) special interests should never receive benefits from government. 
B) there is no concept of the public interest in a system that gives special interests the ability to determine the policies affecting them. 
C) policies that favor a series of minorities are inherently fairer than policies that ignore small groups in favor of a majority. 
D) the sum of people's special interests is a rough approximation of society's collective interest. 
E) Madisonian theory has created a perfect balance of special interest and common good.

Question 11

The term iron triangle refers to

Accepted Answer

A) a tightly-knit set of lobbying groups. 
B) the relationship among the Congress,the military,and defense contractors. 
C) a small and informal but relatively stable set of bureaucrats,legislators,and lobbyists who are concerned with promoting a particular interest. 
D) the strategy of lobbying all three branches of government simultaneously. 
E) a corrupt relationship among the president,Congress,and the Supreme Court. 
A) a tightly-knit set of lobbying groups. 
B) the relationship among the Congress,the military,and defense contractors. 
C) a small and informal but relatively stable set of bureaucrats,legislators,and lobbyists who are concerned with promoting a particular interest. 
D) the strategy of lobbying all three branches of government simultaneously. 
E) a corrupt relationship among the president,Congress,and the Supreme Court.

Question 12

An interest group that focuses on policy benefits for senior citizens would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A) a philosophical interest group. 
B) an ideological group. 
C) a professional group. 
D) a business group. 
E) a single-issue group. 
A) a philosophical interest group. 
B) an ideological group. 
C) a professional group. 
D) a business group. 
E) a single-issue group.

Question 13

Another name for an interest group is

Accepted Answer

A) pressure group. 
B) cabal. 
C) political party. 
D) coalition. 
E) constituency. 
A) pressure group. 
B) cabal. 
C) political party. 
D) coalition. 
E) constituency.

Question 14

Which of the following statements would NOT be accepted by supporters of the pluralist view of interest groups?

Accepted Answer

A) People's separate interests are a legitimate basis of public policy. 
B) The idea of the public interest or the collective interest does not have much meaning in cases where the public is sharply divided in its policy opinions. 
C) The opinion of the majority should always prevail in a policy dispute over the opinion of a more intense and directly affected minority. 
D) Most interests benefit from the workings of the group system,which is a reason to support a policy process that is responsive to groups. 
E) Public policy should represent the diversity that exists in society. 
A) People's separate interests are a legitimate basis of public policy. 
B) The idea of the public interest or the collective interest does not have much meaning in cases where the public is sharply divided in its policy opinions. 
C) The opinion of the majority should always prevail in a policy dispute over the opinion of a more intense and directly affected minority. 
D) Most interests benefit from the workings of the group system,which is a reason to support a policy process that is responsive to groups. 
E) Public policy should represent the diversity that exists in society.

Question 15

Compare outside lobbying and inside lobbying.

Accepted Answer

Inside lobbying is based on close contac

Question 16

A flaw in pluralism theory is the fact that

Accepted Answer

A) the interest group system is unrepresentative because some interests are far better organized and more powerful than others. 
B) the public interest is never served by policies that promote special interests. 
C) larger groups always prevail politically over smaller groups. 
D) political parties better represent different interests than do interest groups. 
E) All of these answers are correct. 
A) the interest group system is unrepresentative because some interests are far better organized and more powerful than others. 
B) the public interest is never served by policies that promote special interests. 
C) larger groups always prevail politically over smaller groups. 
D) political parties better represent different interests than do interest groups. 
E) All of these answers are correct.

Question 17

Roughly how many American workers currently belong to unions?

Accepted Answer

A) one in two 
B) one in four 
C) one in six 
D) one in eight 
E) one in ten 
A) one in two 
B) one in four 
C) one in six 
D) one in eight 
E) one in ten

Question 18

The influence of interest groups through the courts occurs through

Accepted Answer

A) initiating lawsuits. 
B) lobbying for certain judges to be appointed to the bench. 
C) outside lobbying only. 
D) PACs. 
E) both initiating lawsuits and lobbying for certain judges to be appointed to the bench. 
A) initiating lawsuits. 
B) lobbying for certain judges to be appointed to the bench. 
C) outside lobbying only. 
D) PACs. 
E) both initiating lawsuits and lobbying for certain judges to be appointed to the bench.

Question 19

Which citizens' group did a Fortune magazine survey rank as the nation's most powerful lobbying group?

Accepted Answer

A) the NAACP 
B) the AFL-CIO 
C) the AARP 
D) MADD 
E) Common Cause 
A) the NAACP 
B) the AFL-CIO 
C) the AARP 
D) MADD 
E) Common Cause

Question 20

A main difference between iron triangles and issue networks is that

Accepted Answer

A) an iron triangle includes members of the legislative,executive,and judicial branches,while issue networks bypass the judicial branch. 
B) issue networks involve a stable group of bureaucrats,legislators,and lobbyists,while iron triangles exclude lobbyists in an attempt to reach impartial decisions. 
C) issue networks are generally less stable than iron triangles,in that the members of an issue network may change as the issue develops. 
D) issue networks,being less formal,rely on outside lobbying only,while iron triangles use inside lobbying only. 
E) All of these answers are correct. 
A) an iron triangle includes members of the legislative,executive,and judicial branches,while issue networks bypass the judicial branch. 
B) issue networks involve a stable group of bureaucrats,legislators,and lobbyists,while iron triangles exclude lobbyists in an attempt to reach impartial decisions. 
C) issue networks are generally less stable than iron triangles,in that the members of an issue network may change as the issue develops. 
D) issue networks,being less formal,rely on outside lobbying only,while iron triangles use inside lobbying only. 
E) All of these answers are correct.

ruling held that super PAC spending

Super PACs have been criticized primarily for

PAC contributions account for about ___ percent of total contributions to congressional campaigns.

James Madison's solution to the problem of factions (special interests)has,in the modern policy process,actually contributed to the problem by

ultimately led to the creation of

Identify the defining characteristics of an interest group.How do interest groups differ from political parties?

Citizens' interest groups are distinguished from economic interest groups by the fact that

The dominant labor interest group is

Theodore Lowi's theory of interest-group liberalism

Political scientist Theodore Lowi has questioned pluralist theory by suggesting that

The term iron triangle refers to

An interest group that focuses on policy benefits for senior citizens would be an example of

Another name for an interest group is

Which of the following statements would NOT be accepted by supporters of the pluralist view of interest groups?

Compare outside lobbying and inside lobbying.

A flaw in pluralism theory is the fact that

Roughly how many American workers currently belong to unions?

The influence of interest groups through the courts occurs through

Which citizens' group did a Fortune magazine survey rank as the nation's most powerful lobbying group?

A main difference between iron triangles and issue networks is that

Political Thinking and Political Culture: Becoming a Responsible Citizen

Constitutional Democracy: Promoting Liberty and Self-Government

Federalism: Forging a Nation

Civil Liberties: Protecting Individual Rights

Equal Rights: Struggling Toward Fairness

Public Opinion and Political Socialization: Shaping the Peoples Voice

Political Participation: Activating the Popular Will

Political Parties,candidates,and Campaigns: Defining the Voters Choice

The News Media: Communicating Political Images

Congress: Balancing National Goals and Local Interests

The Presidency: Leading the Nation

The Federal Bureaucracy: Administering the Government

The Federal Judicial System: Applying the Law

Economic and Environmental Policy: Contributing to Prosperity

Filters

Exam 9: Interest Groups: Organizing for Influence

ruling held that super PAC spending

Super PACs have been criticized primarily for

PAC contributions account for about ___ percent of total contributions to congressional campaigns.

James Madison's solution to the problem of factions (special interests)has,in the modern policy process,actually contributed to the problem by

ultimately led to the creation of

Identify the defining characteristics of an interest group.How do interest groups differ from political parties?

Citizens' interest groups are distinguished from economic interest groups by the fact that

The dominant labor interest group is

Theodore Lowi's theory of interest-group liberalism

Political scientist Theodore Lowi has questioned pluralist theory by suggesting that

The term iron triangle refers to

An interest group that focuses on policy benefits for senior citizens would be an example of

Another name for an interest group is

Which of the following statements would NOT be accepted by supporters of the pluralist view of interest groups?

Compare outside lobbying and inside lobbying.

A flaw in pluralism theory is the fact that

Roughly how many American workers currently belong to unions?

The influence of interest groups through the courts occurs through

Which citizens' group did a Fortune magazine survey rank as the nation's most powerful lobbying group?

A main difference between iron triangles and issue networks is that

Political Thinking and Political Culture: Becoming a Responsible Citizen

Constitutional Democracy: Promoting Liberty and Self-Government

Federalism: Forging a Nation

Civil Liberties: Protecting Individual Rights

Equal Rights: Struggling Toward Fairness

Public Opinion and Political Socialization: Shaping the Peoples Voice

Political Participation: Activating the Popular Will

Political Parties,candidates,and Campaigns: Defining the Voters Choice

The News Media: Communicating Political Images

Congress: Balancing National Goals and Local Interests

The Presidency: Leading the Nation

The Federal Bureaucracy: Administering the Government

The Federal Judicial System: Applying the Law

Economic and Environmental Policy: Contributing to Prosperity

Filters