Exam 5: Making Controlled Comparisons

A researcher studying support for international institutions finds that Democrats are more likely to support such institutions than are Republicans. When she controls for income, she finds that individuals with higher incomes are about 12 points more supportive of international institutions regardless of party. This is an example of a(n) ______.

A researcher studying support for international institutions finds that Democrats are more likely to support such institutions than are Republicans. When she controls for income, she finds no difference between Republicans and Democrats on support for international institutions. This is an example of a(n) ______.

A researcher is examining the effect of partisanship on attitudes about Congress while controlling for gender and finds no relationship between partisanship and attitudes at any value of gender. This means the relationship between partisanship and attitudes toward Congress is ______.

To determine the direction of a nominal relationship it is necessary to ______.

A controlled comparison design refers to any characteristic that varies across categories of an independent variable.

When graphing the relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable, the independent variable should be on the ______.

A controlled cross-tabulation table demonstrates the relationship between one or more in dependent variables and the dependent variable.

Interaction relationships are protean shape-shifters, assuming a variety of forms.

A cross-tabulation analysis may be used with an ordinal independent variable and a nominal dependent variable.

If the direction of the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable changes at different values of a control variable, it indicates that a(n) ______ is present.

A researcher studies attitudes about involvement in foreign wars based upon individual partisanship while controlling for issue salience. She graphs the results on a line-graph and notices that the lines for salience and partisanship cross each other at a point on the chart. This indicates the presence of a(n) ______ relationship.

A researcher hypothesizes that individuals differ in support for a balanced budget amendment based upon their partisan affiliation. He controls for education level and finds that highly educated Democrats are twenty-seven points less likely to support a balanced budget amendment than highly educated Republicans, but Democrats with lower education are two points more likely to support a balanced budget than Republicans with lower education. What's going on here?

Which of the following are especially useful for lending clarity and simplicity to controlled comparison relationships?

If the direction of the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable is not constant at all values of the control variable, it means the relationship is______.

A simple comparison of two variables provides a zero-order relationship.