Exam 16: The Atmosphere: Composition, Structure, and Temperature

In the middle and high latitudes, annual temperature range increases with an increase in continentality.

The tropopause is the boundary between ________

What month is represented on the world temperature diagram below, January or July?

The ________ is calculated by adding together the daily means for each day of the month and dividing by the number of days in the month.

Fairbanks, Alaska, has more hours of daylight in June than Miami, Florida.

Two cities are located at the same latitude (40˚). City A is in the Southern Hemisphere and City B is in the Northern Hemisphere. Assume the two cities reflect the general characteristics of the hemispheres where they are located. Which city should have the largest annual temperature range?

If the maximum temperature for a particular day is 26˚C and the minimum temperature is 14˚C, the daily mean would be ________.

Snow-covered surfaces have a low albedo.

The closest invisible wavelengths to violet on the electromagnetic spectrum are called ________ and are responsible for sunburns.

The atmosphere is heated chiefly by radiation emitted by Earth.

The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is nitrogen.

Considering the albedo of various surfaces, compare daily temperature ranges and means for an urban area to a more rural setting of crops and forests. Also, are there any other factors other than albedo that might affect these temperature variations?

The aggregate, or composite, of weather over a long period of time best describes the term ________.

The longest wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum are ________.

The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is ________.

The ________ is an average of the twelve monthly means.

The fraction of the total radiation encountered that is reflected by a surface is called its ________.

In planning a space mission to Mars, NASA officials are considering solar panels to provide energy for many of the instruments on the planet surface. Using your knowledge of seasons and temperatures here on Earth as a model, briefly outline the factors what would influence solar radiation on the Martian surface.

The seasonal shift of isotherms is greater over the continents than over the ocean.