Question 1

Identify the ways in which HIV can be transferred to a child.

Accepted Answer

Women infected with HIV can transmit HIV

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true about the early phase of HIV infection in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many people experience a severe case of pneumonia within 1-2 weeks of exposure. 
B)  The CD4 count suddenly rises as the virus begins replication. 
C)  The virus undergoes a seeding process and is dispersed throughout the lymph nodes. 
D)  The potential to spread HIV is lowest during this stage because the amount of the virus in the blood is low. 
A)  Many people experience a severe case of pneumonia within 1-2 weeks of exposure. 
B)  The CD4 count suddenly rises as the virus begins replication. 
C)  The virus undergoes a seeding process and is dispersed throughout the lymph nodes. 
D)  The potential to spread HIV is lowest during this stage because the amount of the virus in the blood is low.

Question 3

Which of the following is true of antigens in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are small molecules that are capable of suppressing the immune system. 
B)  They are enzymes within the body that attack invading organisms. 
C)  They are the chemical barriers that surround uninfected cells. 
D)  They react with the antibodies that are released to fight them. 
A)  They are small molecules that are capable of suppressing the immune system. 
B)  They are enzymes within the body that attack invading organisms. 
C)  They are the chemical barriers that surround uninfected cells. 
D)  They react with the antibodies that are released to fight them.

Question 4

Which of the following refers to white blood cells that display the invader's antigen like a signal flag?

Accepted Answer

A)  helper T cells 
B)  antibodies 
C)  macrophages 
D)  antigens 
A)  helper T cells 
B)  antibodies 
C)  macrophages 
D)  antigens

Question 5

In the context of sexual transmission, unprotected anal intercourse is extremely risky for the transmission of HIV because

Accepted Answer

A)  the existence of semen and feces within the rectum can help the virus develop. 
B)  the lining of the rectum is thin and may allow the virus to enter the body. 
C)  the virus can enter the stomach through the digestive system. 
D)  antibodies present in the rectum fail to bind to antigens and inactivate them. 
A)  the existence of semen and feces within the rectum can help the virus develop. 
B)  the lining of the rectum is thin and may allow the virus to enter the body. 
C)  the virus can enter the stomach through the digestive system. 
D)  antibodies present in the rectum fail to bind to antigens and inactivate them.

Question 6

Leukocytes are a type of

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma. 
B)  red blood cells. 
C)  white blood cells. 
D)  platelets. 
A)  plasma. 
B)  red blood cells. 
C)  white blood cells. 
D)  platelets.

Question 7

Which of the following components forms the lymphocytes in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A)  antigens and antibodies 
B)  cytokines and fibroblasts 
C)  B cells and several types of T cells 
D)  immunotoxins and plasma 
A)  antigens and antibodies 
B)  cytokines and fibroblasts 
C)  B cells and several types of T cells 
D)  immunotoxins and plasma

Question 8

Both men and women are at a maximum risk for HIV transmission when they engage in

Accepted Answer

A)  unprotected vaginal intercourse. 
B)  unprotected fellatio or cunnilingus. 
C)  unprotected anal intercourse. 
D)  same-sex sexual activity. 
A)  unprotected vaginal intercourse. 
B)  unprotected fellatio or cunnilingus. 
C)  unprotected anal intercourse. 
D)  same-sex sexual activity.

Question 9

Which of the following is recommended for persons who are HIV-positive?

Accepted Answer

A)  Practice safer sex. 
B)  Maintain isolation from the general population. 
C)  Increase the intake of over-the-counter drugs. 
D)  Avoid contact with other HIV-positive people. 
A)  Practice safer sex. 
B)  Maintain isolation from the general population. 
C)  Increase the intake of over-the-counter drugs. 
D)  Avoid contact with other HIV-positive people.

Question 10

Manoj has sexual encounters with multiple partners. He contracts HIV and lives with it for almost 7 years during which he exhibits little to no signs of a terminal illness. He even gets a home test done and the result turns out to be HIV-negative. Which of the following is a safe conclusion that can be made from the characteristics exhibited by Manoj?

Accepted Answer

A)  Manoj is as healthy as any other individual and can donate blood to others in need without any concerns. 
B)  Manoj's infection is highly contagious and can spread to others in spite of his apparent healthy disposition. 
C)  Manoj is healthy because his HIV test turned out to be negative and there is no cause to worry. 
D)  Manoj's infection is spreading but is not contagious because his test results prove so. 
A)  Manoj is as healthy as any other individual and can donate blood to others in need without any concerns. 
B)  Manoj's infection is highly contagious and can spread to others in spite of his apparent healthy disposition. 
C)  Manoj is healthy because his HIV test turned out to be negative and there is no cause to worry. 
D)  Manoj's infection is spreading but is not contagious because his test results prove so.

Question 11

Black men who have sex with men (MSM) account for the vast majority of new HIV infections among all African American men.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true about the leukocytes in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leukocytes invade HIV and kill all strains of retroviruses. 
B)  Leukocytes impair the body's ability to ward off infections and other harmful conditions. 
C)  Leukocytes play major roles in defending the body against invading organisms and mutant cells. 
D)  Platelets are sometimes called leukocytes. 
A)  Leukocytes invade HIV and kill all strains of retroviruses. 
B)  Leukocytes impair the body's ability to ward off infections and other harmful conditions. 
C)  Leukocytes play major roles in defending the body against invading organisms and mutant cells. 
D)  Platelets are sometimes called leukocytes.

Question 13

The World Health Organization (WHO) and Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) state that the rates of new HIV infections are

Accepted Answer

A)  steadily increasing in the developing countries. 
B)  going down in the United States but increasing in the other countries. 
C)  doubling all over the world. 
D)  declining all over the world. 
A)  steadily increasing in the developing countries. 
B)  going down in the United States but increasing in the other countries. 
C)  doubling all over the world. 
D)  declining all over the world.

Question 14

AIDS stands for

Accepted Answer

A)  altered immune defense system. 
B)  acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 
C)  atypical immunodefense syndrome. 
D)  asymptomatic immune disorder. 
A)  altered immune defense system. 
B)  acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 
C)  atypical immunodefense syndrome. 
D)  asymptomatic immune disorder.

Question 15

Which of the following is true of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

Accepted Answer

A)  It results in a group of symptoms that collectively characterize a disease. 
B)  It is capable of stimulating the immune system. 
C)  It is the initial stage of HIV infection that gradually progresses to an asymptomatic state. 
D)  It is independent of the type of exposure, modes of transmission, or behavior. 
A)  It results in a group of symptoms that collectively characterize a disease. 
B)  It is capable of stimulating the immune system. 
C)  It is the initial stage of HIV infection that gradually progresses to an asymptomatic state. 
D)  It is independent of the type of exposure, modes of transmission, or behavior.

Question 16

How did scientific awareness of HIV begin?

Accepted Answer

A)  The United Nations alerted the world about an epidemic in developing countries. 
B)  Gay men protested the lack of adequate funding for research on all sexually transmitted infections (STIs). 
C)  Physicians noted rare diseases in healthy young men in major U.S. cities. 
D)  The same bacteria causing other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were found to have mutated into a new form. 
A)  The United Nations alerted the world about an epidemic in developing countries. 
B)  Gay men protested the lack of adequate funding for research on all sexually transmitted infections (STIs). 
C)  Physicians noted rare diseases in healthy young men in major U.S. cities. 
D)  The same bacteria causing other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were found to have mutated into a new form.

Question 17

Robert, a young social worker, works among HIV/AIDS patients and always has a chance to contract HIV if he comes in contact with bodily fluids of the patients. In order to prevent an HIV infection, he takes a drug that helps stop HIV from taking hold and spreading in his body. In the context of prevention and treatment of HIV, identify the method of prevention used by Robert in this scenario.

Accepted Answer

A)  pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) 
B)  consolidation therapy 
C)  spiritual self-schema therapy (3-S therapy) 
D)  post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) 
A)  pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) 
B)  consolidation therapy 
C)  spiritual self-schema therapy (3-S therapy) 
D)  post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)

Question 18

How does HIV kill T cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  It engulfs macrophages, which then enlarges and engulfs all other types of lymphocytes. 
B)  It weakens red blood cells so that they no longer produce antibodies and attack antigens. 
C)  It alters the DNA of the host T cell and causes the T cell to replicate HIV rather than itself. 
D)  It attacks and destroys the suppressor T cells by altering their metabolism. 
A)  It engulfs macrophages, which then enlarges and engulfs all other types of lymphocytes. 
B)  It weakens red blood cells so that they no longer produce antibodies and attack antigens. 
C)  It alters the DNA of the host T cell and causes the T cell to replicate HIV rather than itself. 
D)  It attacks and destroys the suppressor T cells by altering their metabolism.

Question 19

Evan, a 25-year-old man, is diagnosed as HIV-positive, and he believes that he got the virus from his girlfriend, who is HIV-positive. He consults doctors immediately after the diagnosis, and they prescribe a drug that is used in combinations of three or more drugs. The doctors counsel Evan that if he takes it consistently and correctly, he can live a healthy life. Identify the treatment method described in this scenario.

Accepted Answer

A)  pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) 
B)  spiritual self-schema therapy (3-S therapy) 
C)  consolidation therapy 
D)  antiretroviral therapy (ART) 
A)  pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) 
B)  spiritual self-schema therapy (3-S therapy) 
C)  consolidation therapy 
D)  antiretroviral therapy (ART)

Question 20

Which of the following is a way in which HIV can be transmitted?

Accepted Answer

A)  through closed-mouth kissing 
B)  through sharing sex toys 
C)  through sharing plates and glasses 
D)  through hugging and shaking hands 
A)  through closed-mouth kissing 
B)  through sharing sex toys 
C)  through sharing plates and glasses 
D)  through hugging and shaking hands

Identify the ways in which HIV can be transferred to a child.

Which of the following statements is true about the early phase of HIV infection in humans?

Which of the following is true of antigens in the blood?

Which of the following refers to white blood cells that display the invader's antigen like a signal flag?

In the context of sexual transmission, unprotected anal intercourse is extremely risky for the transmission of HIV because

Leukocytes are a type of

Which of the following components forms the lymphocytes in the human body?

Both men and women are at a maximum risk for HIV transmission when they engage in

Which of the following is recommended for persons who are HIV-positive?

Black men who have sex with men (MSM) account for the vast majority of new HIV infections among all African American men.

Which of the following statements is true about the leukocytes in the blood?

The World Health Organization (WHO) and Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) state that the rates of new HIV infections are

AIDS stands for

Which of the following is true of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

How did scientific awareness of HIV begin?

How does HIV kill T cells?

Which of the following is a way in which HIV can be transmitted?

Perspectives on Human Sexuality

Studying Human Sexuality

Female Sexual Anatomy, Physiology, and Response

Male Sexual Anatomy, Physiology, and Response

Gender and Gender Roles

Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence

Sexuality in Adulthood

Love and Communication in Intimate Relationships

Sexual Expression

Variations in Sexual Behavior

Contraception and Abortion

Conception, Pregnancy, and Childbirth

The Sexual Body in Health and Illness

Sexual Function Difficulties, Dissatisfaction, Enhancement, and Therapy

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexual Coercion: Harassment, Aggression, and Abuse

Sexually Explicit Materials, Prostitution, and Sex Laws

Filters

Exam 16: Hiv and Aids

Identify the ways in which HIV can be transferred to a child.

Which of the following statements is true about the early phase of HIV infection in humans?

Which of the following is true of antigens in the blood?

Which of the following refers to white blood cells that display the invader's antigen like a signal flag?

In the context of sexual transmission, unprotected anal intercourse is extremely risky for the transmission of HIV because

Leukocytes are a type of

Which of the following components forms the lymphocytes in the human body?

Both men and women are at a maximum risk for HIV transmission when they engage in

Which of the following is recommended for persons who are HIV-positive?

Black men who have sex with men (MSM) account for the vast majority of new HIV infections among all African American men.

Which of the following statements is true about the leukocytes in the blood?

The World Health Organization (WHO) and Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) state that the rates of new HIV infections are

AIDS stands for

Which of the following is true of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

How did scientific awareness of HIV begin?

How does HIV kill T cells?

Which of the following is a way in which HIV can be transmitted?

Perspectives on Human Sexuality

Studying Human Sexuality

Female Sexual Anatomy, Physiology, and Response

Male Sexual Anatomy, Physiology, and Response

Gender and Gender Roles

Sexuality in Childhood and Adolescence

Sexuality in Adulthood

Love and Communication in Intimate Relationships

Sexual Expression

Variations in Sexual Behavior

Contraception and Abortion

Conception, Pregnancy, and Childbirth

The Sexual Body in Health and Illness

Sexual Function Difficulties, Dissatisfaction, Enhancement, and Therapy

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexual Coercion: Harassment, Aggression, and Abuse

Sexually Explicit Materials, Prostitution, and Sex Laws

Filters