Question 1

Internal models of attachment, of the self, of gender, and of relationships are all examples of which of Rutter's principles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals differ in their reactivity to the environment. 
B)  There is a two way interplay between individuals and the environment. 
C)  People actively process their experiences rather than just serving as passive recipients of environmental forces. 
D)  The interplay between persons and their environment needs to be considered within an ecological framework. 
E)  People act on their environment so as to shape and select their experiences. 
A)  Individuals differ in their reactivity to the environment. 
B)  There is a two way interplay between individuals and the environment. 
C)  People actively process their experiences rather than just serving as passive recipients of environmental forces. 
D)  The interplay between persons and their environment needs to be considered within an ecological framework. 
E)  People act on their environment so as to shape and select their experiences.

Question 2

In Aslin's five models of environmental/internal influences on development, __________ is the purely physical element and __________ is a purely environmental pattern.

Accepted Answer

maturation

Question 3

According to Sroufe, development is __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Sroufe, development is __________....

Question 4

The overriding impression one gets of an infants is that he/she functions on __________ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of The overriding impression one gets of an...

Question 5

Rowe and Marcia's research has shown that full identity achievement was attained only by those who

Accepted Answer

A)  achieved Kohlberg's stage six. 
B)  used inductive reasoning. 
C)  had friendships based primarily on reciprocal trust. 
D)  used formal operations. 
E)  were in Erikson's last stage. 
A)  achieved Kohlberg's stage six. 
B)  used inductive reasoning. 
C)  had friendships based primarily on reciprocal trust. 
D)  used formal operations. 
E)  were in Erikson's last stage.

Question 6

Describe the four elements that Epstein says make up a child's theory of reality and explain how this theory relates to those of Erikson and Bowlby.

Accepted Answer

The four elements include a belief about

Question 7

On a continuum of internal to external influences on development, physical development lies on the internal end of the continuum, whereas social development lies on the external end. This implies that

Accepted Answer

A)  physical development is not influenced by external forces, nor is social development influenced by internal forces. 
B)  physical development will occur normally with minimal environmental support, whereas social development requires strong environmental support. 
C)  physical and social development do not influence each other. 
D)  physical development cannot be changed by external forces, whereas social development can. 
E)  development must take place under carefully controlled conditions. 
A)  physical development is not influenced by external forces, nor is social development influenced by internal forces. 
B)  physical development will occur normally with minimal environmental support, whereas social development requires strong environmental support. 
C)  physical and social development do not influence each other. 
D)  physical development cannot be changed by external forces, whereas social development can. 
E)  development must take place under carefully controlled conditions.

Question 8

Michelle has just grasped the idea that objects and people continue to exist even when she can't see them. She is probably how old?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 months 
B)  4 to 5 months 
C)  7 to 9 months 
D)  12 months 
E)  16 months 
A)  2 months 
B)  4 to 5 months 
C)  7 to 9 months 
D)  12 months 
E)  16 months

Question 9

Most psychologists agree that babies begin to create two significant internal models. Which of the following are they?

Accepted Answer

A)  heredity and environment 
B)  self and relationships with others 
C)  internality and externality 
D)  active participation and passive observance 
E)  stability of objects and permanence of relationships 
A)  heredity and environment 
B)  self and relationships with others 
C)  internality and externality 
D)  active participation and passive observance 
E)  stability of objects and permanence of relationships

Question 10

Sroufe and Rutter have suggested that the child focuses on different aspects of the environment at different times. At which age does the child focus on the biological world?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 to 1 years 
B)  1 to 2-1/2 years 
C)  3 to 5 years 
D)  6 to 12 years 
E)  13 or more years 
A)  0 to 1 years 
B)  1 to 2-1/2 years 
C)  3 to 5 years 
D)  6 to 12 years 
E)  13 or more years

Question 11

Explain how the various types of development fit in a continuum from nature to nurture and provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Physical development is closest to the n

Question 12

The beginning of early adolescence is defined by

Accepted Answer

A)  menarche. 
B)  formal operations. 
C)  puberty. 
D)  concrete operations. 
E)  initiative vs. guilt. 
A)  menarche. 
B)  formal operations. 
C)  puberty. 
D)  concrete operations. 
E)  initiative vs. guilt.

Question 13

Debbie is a new mother and she will be more alert to her baby's signals during breast-feeding because of the release of what hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol 
B)  estrogen 
C)  testosterone 
D)  estradial 
E)  androgen 
A)  cortisol 
B)  estrogen 
C)  testosterone 
D)  estradial 
E)  androgen

Question 14

Which of the following is part of Rutter's principles of the interaction of nature and nurture?

Accepted Answer

A)  All individuals react to the environment in the same way. 
B)  People are passive recipients of environmental forces. 
C)  The interplay between people and their environment is one-way. 
D)  There is a two-way interplay between individuals and their environment. 
E)  Only adults can process experiences. 
A)  All individuals react to the environment in the same way. 
B)  People are passive recipients of environmental forces. 
C)  The interplay between people and their environment is one-way. 
D)  There is a two-way interplay between individuals and their environment. 
E)  Only adults can process experiences.

Question 15

The 2- or 3-year-old child develops an increasingly generalized

Accepted Answer

A)  sense of global self worth. 
B)  conservation concept. 
C)  sense of ethnicity. 
D)  internal model of attachment. 
E)  sense of initiative. 
A)  sense of global self worth. 
B)  conservation concept. 
C)  sense of ethnicity. 
D)  internal model of attachment. 
E)  sense of initiative.

Question 16

Nine-year-old Cassie is very dependent. Even when she was age 4, she was timid and shy. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a move from one stage of development to another. 
B)  maladaptive behavior. 
C)  a developmental pattern. 
D)  continuity across development. 
E)  external influences. 
A)  a move from one stage of development to another. 
B)  maladaptive behavior. 
C)  a developmental pattern. 
D)  continuity across development. 
E)  external influences.

Question 17

Now that 2-year-old Emeril has learned to use symbols,

Accepted Answer

A)  he will use more physical aggression. 
B)  there will be an increase in temper tantrums. 
C)  he is able to pretend. 
D)  he will be somewhat more defiant. 
E)  he will become more self-centered. 
A)  he will use more physical aggression. 
B)  there will be an increase in temper tantrums. 
C)  he is able to pretend. 
D)  he will be somewhat more defiant. 
E)  he will become more self-centered.

Question 18

Early adolescence is a time of __________; whereas late adolescence is a time of __________.

Accepted Answer

transition

Question 19

Susan and James are both 3 years old. They are playing together and a conflict has just erupted regarding who will drive the car and who will drive the truck. What effect will this conflict have?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will teach Susan and James to fight over things instead of sharing. 
B)  It will develop their aggressive social skills and hinder the development of more positive social skills. 
C)  It will help develop their cognitive skills by creating opportunities to learn about the mental processes of others. 
D)  It will help develop their cognitive skills but will probably hinder the development of their positive social skills. 
E)  It will teach them to seek out same-sex playmates in the future. 
A)  It will teach Susan and James to fight over things instead of sharing. 
B)  It will develop their aggressive social skills and hinder the development of more positive social skills. 
C)  It will help develop their cognitive skills by creating opportunities to learn about the mental processes of others. 
D)  It will help develop their cognitive skills but will probably hinder the development of their positive social skills. 
E)  It will teach them to seek out same-sex playmates in the future.

Question 20

In Aslin's five models of influence on development, the purely physical model is

Accepted Answer

A)  maturation. 
B)  induction. 
C)  cognition. 
D)  assimilation. 
E)  facilitation. 
A)  maturation. 
B)  induction. 
C)  cognition. 
D)  assimilation. 
E)  facilitation.

Internal models of attachment, of the self, of gender, and of relationships are all examples of which of Rutter's principles?

In Aslin's five models of environmental/internal influences on development, is the purely physical element and is a purely environmental pattern.

According to Sroufe, development is __________.

The overriding impression one gets of an infants is that he/she functions on __________ .

Rowe and Marcia's research has shown that full identity achievement was attained only by those who

Describe the four elements that Epstein says make up a child's theory of reality and explain how this theory relates to those of Erikson and Bowlby.

On a continuum of internal to external influences on development, physical development lies on the internal end of the continuum, whereas social development lies on the external end. This implies that

Michelle has just grasped the idea that objects and people continue to exist even when she can't see them. She is probably how old?

Most psychologists agree that babies begin to create two significant internal models. Which of the following are they?

Sroufe and Rutter have suggested that the child focuses on different aspects of the environment at different times. At which age does the child focus on the biological world?

Explain how the various types of development fit in a continuum from nature to nurture and provide an example of each.

The beginning of early adolescence is defined by

Debbie is a new mother and she will be more alert to her baby's signals during breast-feeding because of the release of what hormone?

Which of the following is part of Rutter's principles of the interaction of nature and nurture?

The 2- or 3-year-old child develops an increasingly generalized

Nine-year-old Cassie is very dependent. Even when she was age 4, she was timid and shy. This is an example of

Now that 2-year-old Emeril has learned to use symbols,

Early adolescence is a time of ; whereas late adolescence is a time of .

Susan and James are both 3 years old. They are playing together and a conflict has just erupted regarding who will drive the car and who will drive the truck. What effect will this conflict have?

In Aslin's five models of influence on development, the purely physical model is

Basic Issues in the Study of Development

Prenatal Development

Birth and Early Infancy

Physical Development

Perceptual Development

Cognitive Development I: Structure and Process

Cognitive Development Ii: Individual Differences in Cognitive Abilities

The Development of Language

Personality Development: Alternative Views

Concepts of Self, Gender, and Sex Roles

The Development of Social Relationships

Thinking About Relationships: Social-Cognitive and Moral Development

The Ecology of Development: the Child Within the Family System

Beyond the Family: the Impact of the Broader Culture

Atypical Development

Filters

Putting It All Together: The Developing Child

Internal models of attachment, of the self, of gender, and of relationships are all examples of which of Rutter's principles?

In Aslin's five models of environmental/internal influences on development, __________ is the purely physical element and __________ is a purely environmental pattern.

According to Sroufe, development is __________.

The overriding impression one gets of an infants is that he/she functions on __________ .

Rowe and Marcia's research has shown that full identity achievement was attained only by those who

Describe the four elements that Epstein says make up a child's theory of reality and explain how this theory relates to those of Erikson and Bowlby.

On a continuum of internal to external influences on development, physical development lies on the internal end of the continuum, whereas social development lies on the external end. This implies that

Michelle has just grasped the idea that objects and people continue to exist even when she can't see them. She is probably how old?

Most psychologists agree that babies begin to create two significant internal models. Which of the following are they?

Sroufe and Rutter have suggested that the child focuses on different aspects of the environment at different times. At which age does the child focus on the biological world?

Explain how the various types of development fit in a continuum from nature to nurture and provide an example of each.

The beginning of early adolescence is defined by

Debbie is a new mother and she will be more alert to her baby's signals during breast-feeding because of the release of what hormone?

Which of the following is part of Rutter's principles of the interaction of nature and nurture?

The 2- or 3-year-old child develops an increasingly generalized

Nine-year-old Cassie is very dependent. Even when she was age 4, she was timid and shy. This is an example of

Now that 2-year-old Emeril has learned to use symbols,

Early adolescence is a time of __________; whereas late adolescence is a time of __________.

Susan and James are both 3 years old. They are playing together and a conflict has just erupted regarding who will drive the car and who will drive the truck. What effect will this conflict have?

In Aslin's five models of influence on development, the purely physical model is

Basic Issues in the Study of Development

Prenatal Development

Birth and Early Infancy

Physical Development

Perceptual Development

Cognitive Development I: Structure and Process

Cognitive Development Ii: Individual Differences in Cognitive Abilities

The Development of Language

Personality Development: Alternative Views

Concepts of Self, Gender, and Sex Roles

The Development of Social Relationships

Thinking About Relationships: Social-Cognitive and Moral Development

The Ecology of Development: the Child Within the Family System

Beyond the Family: the Impact of the Broader Culture

Atypical Development

Filters

In Aslin's five models of environmental/internal influences on development, is the purely physical element and is a purely environmental pattern.

Early adolescence is a time of ; whereas late adolescence is a time of .