Question 1

_____ can be classified as a dietary supplement.

Accepted Answer

A) Chewing tobacco 
B) Cherry jelly 
C) Ginkgo biloba 
D) Orange drink 
A) Chewing tobacco 
B) Cherry jelly 
C) Ginkgo biloba 
D) Orange drink C

Question 2

A researcher wants to identify lifestyle factors that increase the risk of stomach cancer in men.His study design involves enrolling 250 men who have stomach cancer and 250 men who are cancer-free but have similar characteristics and backgrounds as the men who have stomach cancer.The researcher collects and analyzes information about each participant's lifestyle.Based on this information,what kind of study is the researcher conducting?

Accepted Answer

A) In-vivo 
B) Experimental 
C) Case-control 
D) Cohort 
A) In-vivo 
B) Experimental 
C) Case-control 
D) Cohort C

Question 3

A scientist discovers a chemical in certain rocks that kills bacteria when it is mixed with sterile water in a test tube.She cannot market extracts that contain this chemical as a dietary supplement,because it ________.

Accepted Answer

A) has to receive a U.S.patent before the FDA will approve its use 
B) must first undergo scientific testing to determine its effectiveness 
C) does not contain dietary ingredients 
D) contains more than one kind of natural material 
A) has to receive a U.S.patent before the FDA will approve its use 
B) must first undergo scientific testing to determine its effectiveness 
C) does not contain dietary ingredients 
D) contains more than one kind of natural material C

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Scientific evidence supports the effectiveness of most forms of alternative health care. 
B) Disclaimers are clues that a product will meet your expectations or the manufacturer's claims. 
C) A person with a PhD who promotes drinking vinegar as the cure for lung cancer is practicing conventional medicine. 
D) The RDN credential is legally protected. 
A) Scientific evidence supports the effectiveness of most forms of alternative health care. 
B) Disclaimers are clues that a product will meet your expectations or the manufacturer's claims. 
C) A person with a PhD who promotes drinking vinegar as the cure for lung cancer is practicing conventional medicine. 
D) The RDN credential is legally protected.

Question 5

A magazine article about weight loss diets includes false information about the process of digestion that uses scientific-sounding terms to make it seem factual.The faulty information is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) hypothesizing 
B) bias 
C) mislabeling 
D) pseudoscience 
A) hypothesizing 
B) bias 
C) mislabeling 
D) pseudoscience

Question 6

A group of scientists suspects that certain dietary practices are partially responsible for different rates of hypertension among adults of different ethnic/racial groups.To test their hypothesis,the researchers examine data concerning the different population groups' hypertension rates and their past dietary practices.This research is a(n)_____ study.

Accepted Answer

A) hypothetical 
B) retrospective 
C) case-control 
D) prospective 
A) hypothetical 
B) retrospective 
C) case-control 
D) prospective

Question 7

A person claims his newly invented device treats cancer without surgery,medication,or other forms of conventional medical therapy.However,people who have used the device report that it was not helpful,and it may have harmed them.According to this information,the inventor's claims and his device are ________.

Accepted Answer

A) unbiased 
B) quackery 
C) intuitive 
D) legal 
A) unbiased 
B) quackery 
C) intuitive 
D) legal

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) A scientist's professional affiliations and sources of financial support may influence his or her research findings. 
B) The results of one study are usually enough to convince the majority of nutrition scientists to adopt new ideas about nutrition-related topics. 
C) Dietary recommendations are generally based on the findings of one well-respected team of nutrition researchers. 
D) Since 1995,nutrition information has undergone few updates,because scientists have discovered all of the nutrients and determined their functions. 
A) A scientist's professional affiliations and sources of financial support may influence his or her research findings. 
B) The results of one study are usually enough to convince the majority of nutrition scientists to adopt new ideas about nutrition-related topics. 
C) Dietary recommendations are generally based on the findings of one well-respected team of nutrition researchers. 
D) Since 1995,nutrition information has undergone few updates,because scientists have discovered all of the nutrients and determined their functions.

Question 9

A group of researchers wants to determine whether certain dietary factors are associated with the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).The scientists follow a group of 500 healthy newborn babies for 10 years and collect health information as well as dietary practices for each child.At the end of the study period,the scientists analyze the data for correlations between the children's dietary practices and their likelihood of being diagnosed with ADHD.This is an example of a _____ study.

Accepted Answer

A) prospective 
B) retrospective 
C) hypothetical 
D) factorial 
A) prospective 
B) retrospective 
C) hypothetical 
D) factorial

Question 10

Which of the following practices is an example of integrative health care?

Accepted Answer

A) A surgeon who removes a cancerous tumor from a patient's stomach. 
B) A physician who applies evening primrose oil to the skin of a person to treat a rash. 
C) A physician who has a patient take prescription medications to reduce chronic heartburn. 
D) A physician who treats a patient's back pain with cortisone injections and massage therapy. 
A) A surgeon who removes a cancerous tumor from a patient's stomach. 
B) A physician who applies evening primrose oil to the skin of a person to treat a rash. 
C) A physician who has a patient take prescription medications to reduce chronic heartburn. 
D) A physician who treats a patient's back pain with cortisone injections and massage therapy.

Question 11

Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation?

Accepted Answer

A) When a group of 6-year-old children increase their physical activity level to 60 minutes a day,the children's muscle mass increases. 
B) When teenage girls increase their intake of iron-rich foods,the percentage of the girls who have iron-deficiency decreases. 
C) When older adults increase their daily intake of vitamin D,the percentage of the adults that develops infections decreases. 
D) When a population consumes more fruits and vegetables,the percentage of people in that population with scurvy decreases. 
A) When a group of 6-year-old children increase their physical activity level to 60 minutes a day,the children's muscle mass increases. 
B) When teenage girls increase their intake of iron-rich foods,the percentage of the girls who have iron-deficiency decreases. 
C) When older adults increase their daily intake of vitamin D,the percentage of the adults that develops infections decreases. 
D) When a population consumes more fruits and vegetables,the percentage of people in that population with scurvy decreases.

Question 12

The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) 
B) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CD
C)  
C) Environmental Protection Agency (EP
A)  
D) Federal Trade Commission (FT
C)  
A) Agricultural Research Service (ARS) 
B) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CD
C)  
C) Environmental Protection Agency (EP
A)  
D) Federal Trade Commission (FT
C)

Question 13

The professional football star Andro "The Man" McGraw claims the dietary supplement AminoProFixate helped him build muscle mass quickly and safely.His endorsement of the product is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) unbiased reporting 
B) a testimonial 
C) peer review 
D) a scientifically valid claim 
A) unbiased reporting 
B) a testimonial 
C) peer review 
D) a scientifically valid claim

Question 14

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use when investigating whether cigarette smoking influences weight gain?

Accepted Answer

A) Single-blind 
B) Double-blind 
C) Conventional 
D) Cohort 
A) Single-blind 
B) Double-blind 
C) Conventional 
D) Cohort

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Consumers can report negative health reports that may have resulted from their use of dietary supplements to the FDA 
B) Dietary supplements can include substances that are spread on the skin or injected into the body. 
C) Dietary supplements can be recalled if the products contain kava,lysine,or glucosamine. 
D) Medicinal herbs must undergo testing for safety and effectiveness by the FDA before they can be marketed in the United States. 
A) Consumers can report negative health reports that may have resulted from their use of dietary supplements to the FDA 
B) Dietary supplements can include substances that are spread on the skin or injected into the body. 
C) Dietary supplements can be recalled if the products contain kava,lysine,or glucosamine. 
D) Medicinal herbs must undergo testing for safety and effectiveness by the FDA before they can be marketed in the United States.

Question 16

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use when designing a scientific investigation to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets high in sodium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood?

Accepted Answer

A) Experimental study 
B) Observational epidemiological study 
C) Single-blind study 
D) Double-blind study 
A) Experimental study 
B) Observational epidemiological study 
C) Single-blind study 
D) Double-blind study

Question 17

Generally,epidemiological studies ________.

Accepted Answer

A) involve in-vitro experimentation 
B) establish causation without observations 
C) cannot determine cause-and-effect relationships 
D) prove positive correlations 
A) involve in-vitro experimentation 
B) establish causation without observations 
C) cannot determine cause-and-effect relationships 
D) prove positive correlations

Question 18

Phil is a participant in a study designed to examine the effects of taking a dietary supplement on muscle tissue development.Phil suspects he is in the experimental group,because he is certain his muscles are bigger and stronger as a result of taking the product supplied by the researchers.When the study is completed,Phil learns that he did not receive the dietary supplement.Phil thinks the researchers made a mistake-he is certain his muscle mass increased while he took the supplement.According to this information,Phil's belief that his physical condition improved while he participated in the study is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) an anecdotal report 
B) participant fatigue 
C) human subject bias 
D) the placebo effect 
A) an anecdotal report 
B) participant fatigue 
C) human subject bias 
D) the placebo effect

Question 19

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation?

Accepted Answer

A) When pregnant women gain more weight than average,they are more likely to give birth to babies who are heavier than average. 
B) As children increase their physical activity level,they develop greater muscle mass than children who are less active. 
C) When members of a population increase their consumption of milk and milk products,their risk of bone fractures decreases. 
D) When children eat three or more servings fruits and vegetables a day,their blood levels of vitamin C increase. 
A) When pregnant women gain more weight than average,they are more likely to give birth to babies who are heavier than average. 
B) As children increase their physical activity level,they develop greater muscle mass than children who are less active. 
C) When members of a population increase their consumption of milk and milk products,their risk of bone fractures decreases. 
D) When children eat three or more servings fruits and vegetables a day,their blood levels of vitamin C increase.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The EPA regulates the labeling of dietary supplements. 
B) Manufacturers of dietary supplements must inform the FTC about negative health reports that may have resulted from the use of their products. 
C) The FDA can recall a dietary supplements when there is evidence that it is harmful. 
D) Medicinal herbs must undergo testing for safety and effectiveness by the FDA before they can be marketed. 
A) The EPA regulates the labeling of dietary supplements. 
B) Manufacturers of dietary supplements must inform the FTC about negative health reports that may have resulted from the use of their products. 
C) The FDA can recall a dietary supplements when there is evidence that it is harmful. 
D) Medicinal herbs must undergo testing for safety and effectiveness by the FDA before they can be marketed.

_____ can be classified as a dietary supplement.

A scientist discovers a chemical in certain rocks that kills bacteria when it is mixed with sterile water in a test tube.She cannot market extracts that contain this chemical as a dietary supplement,because it ________.

Which of the following statements is true?

A magazine article about weight loss diets includes false information about the process of digestion that uses scientific-sounding terms to make it seem factual.The faulty information is an example of ________.

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following practices is an example of integrative health care?

Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation?

The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the ________.

The professional football star Andro "The Man" McGraw claims the dietary supplement AminoProFixate helped him build muscle mass quickly and safely.His endorsement of the product is an example of ________.

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use when investigating whether cigarette smoking influences weight gain?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use when designing a scientific investigation to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets high in sodium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood?

Generally,epidemiological studies ________.

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation?

Which of the following statements is true?

The Basics of Nutrition

Planning Nutritious Diets

Body Basics

Carbohydrates

Fats and Other Lipids

Proteins

Vitamins

Water and Minerals

Energy Balance and Weight Control

Nutrition for Physically-Active Lifestyles

Food Safety Concerns

Nutrition for a Lifetime

Filters

Exam 2: Evaluating Nutrition Information

_____ can be classified as a dietary supplement.

A scientist discovers a chemical in certain rocks that kills bacteria when it is mixed with sterile water in a test tube.She cannot market extracts that contain this chemical as a dietary supplement,because it ________.

Which of the following statements is true?

A magazine article about weight loss diets includes false information about the process of digestion that uses scientific-sounding terms to make it seem factual.The faulty information is an example of ________.

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following practices is an example of integrative health care?

Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation?

The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the ________.

The professional football star Andro "The Man" McGraw claims the dietary supplement AminoProFixate helped him build muscle mass quickly and safely.His endorsement of the product is an example of ________.

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use when investigating whether cigarette smoking influences weight gain?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use when designing a scientific investigation to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets high in sodium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood?

Generally,epidemiological studies ________.

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation?

Which of the following statements is true?

The Basics of Nutrition

Planning Nutritious Diets

Body Basics

Carbohydrates

Fats and Other Lipids

Proteins

Vitamins

Water and Minerals

Energy Balance and Weight Control

Nutrition for Physically-Active Lifestyles

Food Safety Concerns

Nutrition for a Lifetime

Filters