Exam 12: Middle Childhood: Cognitive Development

Approximately 1 in 10 children in the United States is home-schooled.

Ten-year-old Billy loves baseball and has studied baseball statistics since he was 5 years old. Billy is currently reading this year's statistics for some of his favorite players. He will easily remember the new statistics because of the _____ he has for baseball statistics.

In the United States, experts from all 50 states developed high national standards known as the _____ to replace the various state standards and tests.

Which factor contributes to increases in a child's knowledge base?

The two crucial components of long-term memory are storage and _____.

Vygotsky believed that instruction was crucial for cognitive development.

If Beth is taking the main international test of science and math, she is taking the PIRLS.

Briefly describe the immersion and bilingual schooling approaches to teaching a second language in the United States.

A child is shown a large box and a small box. The large box contains a 5-pound weight, and the small box contains a 10-pound weight. The child picks up the boxes and looks at them closely and then is asked which one weighs more. The child is no longer focused only on appearances, so he answers that the small box weighs more. Piaget would say that this child is in the _____ stage of cognitive development.

Abbreviations (such as LOL, BTW, and RU) in text messages and e-mails are an example of _____.

A federally sponsored test in the United States is called the National Assessment of Educational Progress.

The information-processing theory was inspired by the knowledge of how animals' brains function.

A child yells out, "Yo dude! Did you see that bad shooting star?" The child is likely speaking to his _____.

The unspoken and often unrecognized lessons that children learn in school, which have unofficial, unstated, or implicit influences on the academic curriculum and every other aspect of learning in school, are called the _____ curriculum.

The research on methods for teaching a second language reveals that _____.

The knowledge that things can be arranged in a logical order is the logical principle of seriation.

The Common Core was developed because _____.

Kirby is sorting through his mother's cup of change. As he makes piles of pennies, nickels, and dimes, he utilizes the cognitive skill called _____.

An approach to learning a new language in which instruction occurs exclusively in the new language is called _____.

Describe Vygotsky's beliefs about learning, especially with respect to the zone of proximal development.