Question 1

Cross-sequential research designs:

Accepted Answer

A) Collect data from two or more groups of participants at two or more time measurement periods 
B) Focus on a single group over a long period of time 
C) Gather data through interview and other qualitative mechanisms to study phenomena in depth 
D) Compare a group of young individuals with a group of older individuals using standardized data collection methods 
A) Collect data from two or more groups of participants at two or more time measurement periods 
B) Focus on a single group over a long period of time 
C) Gather data through interview and other qualitative mechanisms to study phenomena in depth 
D) Compare a group of young individuals with a group of older individuals using standardized data collection methods A

Question 2

Which of the following has research support as a mechanism for improving or maintaining cognition in later life?

Accepted Answer

A) Playing simple card games such as Old Maid or Go Fish 
B) Bingo 
C) Needle crafts such as knitting and embroidery 
D) Aerobic exercise 
A) Playing simple card games such as Old Maid or Go Fish 
B) Bingo 
C) Needle crafts such as knitting and embroidery 
D) Aerobic exercise D

Question 3

Crystallized intelligence is:

Accepted Answer

A) The ability to use abstract reasoning 
B) Reasoning,decision-making,problem-solving,judgment,abstract thought,and logic 
C) Accumulation of knowledge,experience,and acculturation 
D) Recall of future-oriented or scheduled tasks without the use of external memory aids 
A) The ability to use abstract reasoning 
B) Reasoning,decision-making,problem-solving,judgment,abstract thought,and logic 
C) Accumulation of knowledge,experience,and acculturation 
D) Recall of future-oriented or scheduled tasks without the use of external memory aids C

Question 4

A higher order cognitive function that functions as a potential buffer or moderator of age-related differences is:

Accepted Answer

A) Expertise 
B) Long-term memory 
C) Explicit processing 
D) Declarative memory 
A) Expertise 
B) Long-term memory 
C) Explicit processing 
D) Declarative memory

Question 5

A developmental life span approach to cognitive aging takes into consideration:

Accepted Answer

A) A tendency of older adults to regress to the behaviors of very young age,particularly in very late life 
B) Normative age-graded influences and sociohistorical influences,as well as nonnormative life events 
C) The fact that older adults who do not accept aging gracefully are more likely than others to have cognitive difficulty in late life 
D) That working crossword puzzles and Sudoku are the primary means for minimizing cognitive loss in later life 
A) A tendency of older adults to regress to the behaviors of very young age,particularly in very late life 
B) Normative age-graded influences and sociohistorical influences,as well as nonnormative life events 
C) The fact that older adults who do not accept aging gracefully are more likely than others to have cognitive difficulty in late life 
D) That working crossword puzzles and Sudoku are the primary means for minimizing cognitive loss in later life

Question 6

The "inhibition" theory of cognitive aging suggests that:

Accepted Answer

A) Difficulties filtering or actively ignoring irrelevant information become problematic with age 
B) The main age-related change in cognition is associated with general slowing of cognitive processes 
C) Changes in sensory functioning account for most cognitive changes in later life 
D) Older adults are more concerned about embarrassment than younger individuals and so hesitate to attempt tasks that are challenging 
A) Difficulties filtering or actively ignoring irrelevant information become problematic with age 
B) The main age-related change in cognition is associated with general slowing of cognitive processes 
C) Changes in sensory functioning account for most cognitive changes in later life 
D) Older adults are more concerned about embarrassment than younger individuals and so hesitate to attempt tasks that are challenging

Question 7

A form of memory that appears to be well-preserved in late life is:

Accepted Answer

A) Declarative 
B) Procedural 
C) Sensory 
D) Short-term 
A) Declarative 
B) Procedural 
C) Sensory 
D) Short-term

Question 8

Attention can be thought of as:

Accepted Answer

A) A necessary process underpinning all other cognitive processes 
B) Generally less important in later life when new learning is less likely 
C) An isolated function unrelated to other aspects of cognitive processing 
D) The single most important element of effective cognition at any age 
A) A necessary process underpinning all other cognitive processes 
B) Generally less important in later life when new learning is less likely 
C) An isolated function unrelated to other aspects of cognitive processing 
D) The single most important element of effective cognition at any age

Question 9

Cognitive aging is best understood as characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A) Relative stability in all cognitive processes until very old age 
B) Increase in time required for processing and encoding and improved short-term memory 
C) Loss of cognitive function in all spheres starting around age 60 
D) Gains,losses,and stability among the various cognitive processes 
A) Relative stability in all cognitive processes until very old age 
B) Increase in time required for processing and encoding and improved short-term memory 
C) Loss of cognitive function in all spheres starting around age 60 
D) Gains,losses,and stability among the various cognitive processes

Question 10

Basic cognitive processes include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) Sensory and perceptual processes 
B) Attention 
C) Short-term memory 
D) Abstract thought 
A) Sensory and perceptual processes 
B) Attention 
C) Short-term memory 
D) Abstract thought

Exam 7: Cognitive Function

Cross-sequential research designs:

Which of the following has research support as a mechanism for improving or maintaining cognition in later life?

Crystallized intelligence is:

A higher order cognitive function that functions as a potential buffer or moderator of age-related differences is:

A developmental life span approach to cognitive aging takes into consideration:

The "inhibition" theory of cognitive aging suggests that:

A form of memory that appears to be well-preserved in late life is:

Attention can be thought of as:

Cognitive aging is best understood as characterized by:

Basic cognitive processes include all of the following EXCEPT:

Growing Old in Todays World

Theories of Aging: a Multidisciplinary Review for Occupational and Physical Therapists

Public Policy and Advocacy in North America

Policy and Systems Around the World: Supplemental Essays

Meaningful Occupation in Later Life

Culture,ethics,and Elder Abuse

Cardiopulmonary and Cardiovascular Function

Sensory Function and Function Related to the Skin

Neuromuscular and Movement Functions: Muscle,bone,and Joints

Neuromuscular and Movement Function: Coordination,balance,and Gait

Cognitive and Emotional Function: Health Conditions

Cardiopulmonary and Cardiovascular Function: Health Conditions

Sensory Function,function Related to the Skin,and Pain: Health Conditions

Neuromuscular and Movement Function: Health Conditions

Neuromuscular and Movement Function: Falls

Considerations for Medical Care of Older Adults

Self-Care

Leisure

Work and Retirement

Environment,products,and Technology

Driving

Community Mobility

Interactions,relationships,and Sexuality

Learning in Later Life

Spirituality

Evaluation of Functional Performance

Health and Wellness Services

Community-Based Services

Primary Care

Rehabilitation

Home Health Care

Long-Term Care

Palliative Care, hospice, and Care at the End of Life

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