Exam 8: Flexible Budgets, Standard Costs and Variance Analysis

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Fickle Factory Ltd produces unique large ceramic frogs. The accountant has collected the following information regarding standard costs. Praductim Input Standard Cast Direct Materials 2 kilos of raw material Each kilo =\ 5 Direct Labour 1 hour Direct Labour is charged at \ 10 per hour Variable Overhead \ 2 per direct labour hour Fixed Overhead \ 4 per frog Total fixed overhead for the year is estimated to be $80,000. The selling price for each frog is $45. Actual sales and production was 22,000 The flexible budget for direct materials the year is:

(Multiple Choice)
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Efficiency variances provide information about how economically resources have been used.

(True/False)
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Ideal standards make allowances for unexpected events.

(True/False)
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Which of the following is the same amount in the master budget and the flexible budget?

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Ideal standards assume:

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Variances in standard costing can be separated in the following categories; direct materials, direct labour, fixed overhead and variable overhead.

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Thai Connection Ltd is a travel agency. They budget monthly costs of $50,000 plus $125 per customer served. They plan to serve 550 customers per month. During June they served 580 customers. Actual costs for June were $53,000 fixed costs and $65,000 variable costs. The static budget for June is:

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Sensitivity analysis can be used to estimate the effects of deviations from budget assumptions.

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Standards should be reviewed periodically.

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If variances show that the operations are better than expected the appropriate management action is to continue monitoring to ensure it is maintained and modify future operating plans accordingly.

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Interactions between employee incentives and variances may result in incentives creating unanticipated problems.

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There are two reasons for calculating variances; bookkeeping and monitoring.

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Management by exception means that managers investigate:

(Multiple Choice)
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Thai Connection Ltd is a travel agency. They budget monthly costs of $50,000 plus $125 per customer served. They plan to serve 550 customers per month. During June they served 580 customers. Actual costs for June were $53,000 fixed costs and $65,000 variable costs. The flexible budget for June is:

(Multiple Choice)
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Standard costs are established under operating plan assumptions which include: I \quad Volume of production activity II \quad Just in time inventory management III \quad Prices and quality of inputs

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One element of variance analysis is identifying reasons for variances.

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A standard cost variance can be broken down into a price variance and a direct variance.

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Managers can study the difference between the static budget and the flexible budget to identify ways to improve future operations.

(True/False)
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How do managers decide which variances are important enough to investigate? I \quad When the variance is unfavourable II \quad When the variance is larger than a specified amount or percentage III \quad When the variance trends are increasing

(Multiple Choice)
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Another name for master budget is static budget.

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