Question 1

Briefly explain the process of active transport as it relates to the sodium-potassium pump.

Accepted Answer

Active transport requires cellular energy, usually in the form of ATP. With the sodium-potassium pump, sodium is pumped out of the cell and potassium is pumped into the cell. Both ions are moving against their concentration gradient. In order to move the ions to oppose diffusion, ATP energy is utilized.

Question 2

You are a researcher specializing in cytology, specifically the cell structures of the skeletal muscle that moves the body. The instrument that you would use to see the fine detail within cells would be the

Accepted Answer

A) MRI scan. 
B) light microscope. 
C) scanning electron microscope. 
D) transmission electron microscope. 
E) CT scan. 
A) MRI scan. 
B) light microscope. 
C) scanning electron microscope. 
D) transmission electron microscope. 
E) CT scan. D

Question 3

Paired structures made of microtubules that are perpendicular to each other are called the

Accepted Answer

A) chromosomes. 
B) ligand receptors. 
C) centromeres. 
D) nucleoli. 
E) centrioles. 
A) chromosomes. 
B) ligand receptors. 
C) centromeres. 
D) nucleoli. 
E) centrioles. E

Question 4

Palytoxin is a very potent toxin from a particular seaweed in Hawaii that locks the carrier proteins of the ion pump system of the cell in an open position. What result would this have on cell function?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium cannot enter the cells, and cell metabolism is damaged. 
B) The cells cannot utilize glucose. 
C) Phagocytosis is inhibited. 
D) Diffusion cannot occur. 
E) The cell cannot concentrate ions to achieve concentrations necessary for cell function. 
A) Sodium cannot enter the cells, and cell metabolism is damaged. 
B) The cells cannot utilize glucose. 
C) Phagocytosis is inhibited. 
D) Diffusion cannot occur. 
E) The cell cannot concentrate ions to achieve concentrations necessary for cell function.

Question 5

Transcription occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondrion. 
B) cytoplasm. 
C) vesicles. 
D) Golgi body. 
E) nucleus. 
A) mitochondrion. 
B) cytoplasm. 
C) vesicles. 
D) Golgi body. 
E) nucleus.

Question 6

Figure 3-8 A Process
Use Figure 3-8 to answer the following questions:
-A "benign tumor" refers to

Accepted Answer

A) any of various malignant neoplasms. 
B) neoplasms that have the tendency to metastasize to new sites. 
C) an illness characterized by malignant cells. 
D) abnormal cells remaining in one place. 
E) nonviable cells and/or tissue. 
A) any of various malignant neoplasms. 
B) neoplasms that have the tendency to metastasize to new sites. 
C) an illness characterized by malignant cells. 
D) abnormal cells remaining in one place. 
E) nonviable cells and/or tissue.

Question 7

The cellular organelle responsible for removing and recycling damaged or denatured proteins is called the

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondrion. 
B) nucleus. 
C) nucleolus. 
D) Golgi apparatus. 
E) proteasome. 
A) mitochondrion. 
B) nucleus. 
C) nucleolus. 
D) Golgi apparatus. 
E) proteasome.

Question 8

DNA contains the nucleotide thymine, but RNA uniquely contains ________, which is complementary to adenine.

Accepted Answer

A) uracil 
B) guanine 
C) thymidine 
D) cytosine 
E) adenine 
A) uracil 
B) guanine 
C) thymidine 
D) cytosine 
E) adenine

Question 9

Figure 3-2 A Process
Use Figure 3-2 to answer the following questions:
-Modification and packaging of proteins with other molecules is done by the

Accepted Answer

A) ribosome. 
B) nucleolus. 
C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) Golgi apparatus. 
E) nucleus. 
A) ribosome. 
B) nucleolus. 
C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) Golgi apparatus. 
E) nucleus.

Question 10

The peroxisome

Accepted Answer

A) produces proteins. 
B) is responsible for the formation of microtubules. 
C) functions in macromolecular biosynthesis. 
D) breaks down fatty acids and other organic compounds. 
E) is responsible for cellular transport through the Golgi apparatus. 
A) produces proteins. 
B) is responsible for the formation of microtubules. 
C) functions in macromolecular biosynthesis. 
D) breaks down fatty acids and other organic compounds. 
E) is responsible for cellular transport through the Golgi apparatus.

Question 11

The process of synthesizing an mRNA chain through the use of a DNA molecule is called

Accepted Answer

A) transcription. 
B) replication. 
C) RNA matching. 
D) differentiation. 
E) translation. 
A) transcription. 
B) replication. 
C) RNA matching. 
D) differentiation. 
E) translation.

Question 12

When activated, lysosomes may function in

Accepted Answer

A) the formation of new cell membranes. 
B) the synthesis of proteins. 
C) autolysis. 
D) the synthesis of lipids. 
E) cell division. 
A) the formation of new cell membranes. 
B) the synthesis of proteins. 
C) autolysis. 
D) the synthesis of lipids. 
E) cell division.

Question 13

The mRNA sequence that is complementary to the sequence UAG on a tRNA is

Accepted Answer

A) ATC. 
B) TUC. 
C) UAG. 
D) AUC. 
E) ACU. 
A) ATC. 
B) TUC. 
C) UAG. 
D) AUC. 
E) ACU.

Question 14

Figure 3-4 Protein Synthesis
Use Figure 3-4 to answer the following questions:
-The cell seen in the preceding diagram could be

Accepted Answer

A) undergoing cell respiration. 
B) replicating its DNA. 
C) phagocytosing cell debris. 
D) modifying and releasing a cellular protein. 
E) performing active transport. 
A) undergoing cell respiration. 
B) replicating its DNA. 
C) phagocytosing cell debris. 
D) modifying and releasing a cellular protein. 
E) performing active transport.

Question 15

Which of these transport mechanisms do not fit into the rest of the group listed?

Accepted Answer

A) osmosis 
B) diffusion 
C) ion pumps 
D) passive transport 
E) facilitated diffusion 
A) osmosis 
B) diffusion 
C) ion pumps 
D) passive transport 
E) facilitated diffusion

Question 16

Figure 3-7 Translation
Use Figure 3-7 to answer the following questions:
-The commonly prescribed antibiotic Clindamycin blocks the peptide bond formation between amino acids during protein synthesis. This would happen during

Accepted Answer

A) transformation. 
B) translation. 
C) transcription. 
D) replication. 
E) mitosis. 
A) transformation. 
B) translation. 
C) transcription. 
D) replication. 
E) mitosis.

Question 17

Figure 3-3 Anatomy of a Model Cell
Use Figure 3-3 to answer the following questions:
-Which of the labeled cellular structures are involved in metabolic activity that produces energy for the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 
B) 6 
C) 5 
D) 11 
E) 8 
A) 10 
B) 6 
C) 5 
D) 11 
E) 8

Question 18

The movement of a molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration by interacting with a carrier protein is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) osmosis. 
B) active transport. 
C) diffusion. 
D) facilitated diffusion. 
E) filtration. 
A) osmosis. 
B) active transport. 
C) diffusion. 
D) facilitated diffusion. 
E) filtration.

Question 19

Figure 3-6 Nucleus
Use Figure 3-6 to answer the following question:
-Loosely coiled nucleosomes are known as

Accepted Answer

A) lysosomes. 
B) nucleoli. 
C) chromatin. 
D) the nuclear envelope. 
E) histones. 
A) lysosomes. 
B) nucleoli. 
C) chromatin. 
D) the nuclear envelope. 
E) histones.

Question 20

A process that requires ATP energy to move a substance independently of its concentration gradient is called

Accepted Answer

A) active transport. 
B) passive transport. 
C) facilitated transport. 
D) osmosis. 
E) diffusion. 
A) active transport. 
B) passive transport. 
C) facilitated transport. 
D) osmosis. 
E) diffusion.

Briefly explain the process of active transport as it relates to the sodium-potassium pump.

You are a researcher specializing in cytology, specifically the cell structures of the skeletal muscle that moves the body. The instrument that you would use to see the fine detail within cells would be the

Paired structures made of microtubules that are perpendicular to each other are called the

Palytoxin is a very potent toxin from a particular seaweed in Hawaii that locks the carrier proteins of the ion pump system of the cell in an open position. What result would this have on cell function?

Transcription occurs in the

Figure 3-8 A Process Use Figure 3-8 to answer the following questions: -A "benign tumor" refers to

The cellular organelle responsible for removing and recycling damaged or denatured proteins is called the

DNA contains the nucleotide thymine, but RNA uniquely contains ________, which is complementary to adenine.

Figure 3-2 A Process Use Figure 3-2 to answer the following questions: -Modification and packaging of proteins with other molecules is done by the

The peroxisome

The process of synthesizing an mRNA chain through the use of a DNA molecule is called

When activated, lysosomes may function in

The mRNA sequence that is complementary to the sequence UAG on a tRNA is

Figure 3-4 Protein Synthesis Use Figure 3-4 to answer the following questions: -The cell seen in the preceding diagram could be

Which of these transport mechanisms do not fit into the rest of the group listed?

Figure 3-7 Translation Use Figure 3-7 to answer the following questions: -The commonly prescribed antibiotic Clindamycin blocks the peptide bond formation between amino acids during protein synthesis. This would happen during

Figure 3-3 Anatomy of a Model Cell Use Figure 3-3 to answer the following questions: -Which of the labeled cellular structures are involved in metabolic activity that produces energy for the cell?

The movement of a molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration by interacting with a carrier protein is an example of

Figure 3-6 Nucleus Use Figure 3-6 to answer the following question: -Loosely coiled nucleosomes are known as

A process that requires ATP energy to move a substance independently of its concentration gradient is called

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

The Nervous System

The General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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Exam 3: Cell Structure and Function

Briefly explain the process of active transport as it relates to the sodium-potassium pump.

You are a researcher specializing in cytology, specifically the cell structures of the skeletal muscle that moves the body. The instrument that you would use to see the fine detail within cells would be the

Paired structures made of microtubules that are perpendicular to each other are called the

Palytoxin is a very potent toxin from a particular seaweed in Hawaii that locks the carrier proteins of the ion pump system of the cell in an open position. What result would this have on cell function?

Transcription occurs in the

Figure 3-8 A Process Use Figure 3-8 to answer the following questions: -A "benign tumor" refers to

The cellular organelle responsible for removing and recycling damaged or denatured proteins is called the

DNA contains the nucleotide thymine, but RNA uniquely contains ________, which is complementary to adenine.

Figure 3-2 A Process Use Figure 3-2 to answer the following questions: -Modification and packaging of proteins with other molecules is done by the

The peroxisome

The process of synthesizing an mRNA chain through the use of a DNA molecule is called

When activated, lysosomes may function in

The mRNA sequence that is complementary to the sequence UAG on a tRNA is

Figure 3-4 Protein Synthesis Use Figure 3-4 to answer the following questions: -The cell seen in the preceding diagram could be

Which of these transport mechanisms do not fit into the rest of the group listed?

Figure 3-7 Translation Use Figure 3-7 to answer the following questions: -The commonly prescribed antibiotic Clindamycin blocks the peptide bond formation between amino acids during protein synthesis. This would happen during

Figure 3-3 Anatomy of a Model Cell Use Figure 3-3 to answer the following questions: -Which of the labeled cellular structures are involved in metabolic activity that produces energy for the cell?

The movement of a molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration by interacting with a carrier protein is an example of

Figure 3-6 Nucleus Use Figure 3-6 to answer the following question: -Loosely coiled nucleosomes are known as

A process that requires ATP energy to move a substance independently of its concentration gradient is called

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

The Nervous System

The General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters