Exam 5: Deviance

Goffman used the term ________ to refer to a person being discredited because of her or his membership in tainted groups, such as particular nationalities, races or religions.

The critical school sees an economic elite as the major force behind definitions of what is and what is not deviant.

________ theory contends that society creates deviance through its reactions to the people who break its rules.

Sociologists define deviance as departures from what people in society define as normal.

The ________ illustrates the loss that takes place from the actual number of crimes committed to the final number of convictions.

Your text argues that ridicule, shaming, and gossip are:

In terms of Merton's schema, those who cheat on exams would be called rebels.

Sutherland's learning-based explanation of deviance is closely related to the conflict perspective.

Sociologists define deviance as departures from what people in society define as ________.

According to the differential association approach, the learning of conformity is related to:

The ________ sees an economic elite as the major force behind definitions of what is and what is not deviant.

According to some, ________ create deviance by making the rules whose infraction constitutes deviance, and by applying those rules to particular people and labelling them as outsiders.

Sociologist Erving Goffman introduced the concept of stigma, which he defined as a characteristic, behaviour, or attribute that is deeply ________.

Using examples, show how deviance can serve a positive function in society.

Feminists focus exclusively on women in considering crime and deviance.

"Rule breakers" are people who commit deviant acts:

According to historical religious beliefs, deviance is a result of ________.

Define the term "relativism" and provide an example.

________ involves efforts to shape the physical environment such that the possibilities for deviance are severely reduced.

A feminist perspective on deviance argues that: