Question 1

According to schema theory,people

Accepted Answer

A) mold memories to fit information that already exists in their minds. 
B) store information as is without distortion. 
C) remember only what is salient to them. 
D) have a finite amount of brain storage space and must "weed out" old information to store new information. 
A) mold memories to fit information that already exists in their minds. 
B) store information as is without distortion. 
C) remember only what is salient to them. 
D) have a finite amount of brain storage space and must "weed out" old information to store new information. A

Question 2

Compared to younger adults,older adults show _____ activity in the frontal and parietal regions while they are engaging in simple tasks.However,as the attentional demands of the task increase,older adults display _____ functioning in the frontal and parietal lobes that involve cognitive control.

Accepted Answer

A) less; greater 
B) greater; less 
C) the same level of; less 
D) less; the same level of 
A) less; greater 
B) greater; less 
C) the same level of; less 
D) less; the same level of B

Question 3

A recent meta-analysis shows that processing speed begins to decline during

Accepted Answer

A) late childhood. 
B) adolescence. 
C) early adulthood. 
D) middle adulthood. 
A) late childhood. 
B) adolescence. 
C) early adulthood. 
D) middle adulthood. C

Question 4

Manipulating and transforming information in memory is called

Accepted Answer

A) thinking. 
B) wisdom. 
C) semantic memory. 
D) encoding. 
A) thinking. 
B) wisdom. 
C) semantic memory. 
D) encoding.

Question 5

In which of the following areas is preschool children's control of attention deficient?

Accepted Answer

A) planfulness 
B) joint attention 
C) implicit memory 
D) explicit memory 
A) planfulness 
B) joint attention 
C) implicit memory 
D) explicit memory

Question 6

The cognitive developmental theories of Vygotsky,Piaget,and information processing share a focus on how people

Accepted Answer

A) think. 
B) behave. 
C) interact. 
D) mature biologically. 
A) think. 
B) behave. 
C) interact. 
D) mature biologically.

Question 7

In general,why are 40-year-olds better problem solvers than 20-year-olds?

Accepted Answer

A) They have better methods to improve their memory. 
B) They have more practical experience. 
C) They have better information processing speed. 
D) They have better sustained attention. 
A) They have better methods to improve their memory. 
B) They have more practical experience. 
C) They have better information processing speed. 
D) They have better sustained attention.

Question 8

The fuzzy-trace theory dual-process model argues that decision-making is influenced by two cognitive systems which operate in parallel.They are _____ and _____.

Accepted Answer

A) gist-based implicit; gist-based explicit 
B) analytical; scientific 
C) experiential; "verbatim" analytical 
D) "verbatim" analytical; gist-based intuitional 
A) gist-based implicit; gist-based explicit 
B) analytical; scientific 
C) experiential; "verbatim" analytical 
D) "verbatim" analytical; gist-based intuitional

Question 9

Which of the following is 70-year-old Leo LEAST likely to forget?

Accepted Answer

A) names of high school classmates 
B) the life events he had in his 40s and 50s 
C) how to swim 
D) capital city names 
A) names of high school classmates 
B) the life events he had in his 40s and 50s 
C) how to swim 
D) capital city names

Question 10

The creation of a new procedure for processing information is

Accepted Answer

A) encoding. 
B) automaticity. 
C) strategy construction. 
D) metacognition. 
A) encoding. 
B) automaticity. 
C) strategy construction. 
D) metacognition.

Question 11

Infantile amnesia may be due to

Accepted Answer

A) increased myelination. 
B) traumatic childhood experiences. 
C) immature brain development in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. 
D) an immature pituitary gland. 
A) increased myelination. 
B) traumatic childhood experiences. 
C) immature brain development in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. 
D) an immature pituitary gland.

Question 12

Rita remembers when she received a school award for perfect attendance.What type of memory is this?

Accepted Answer

A) episodic memory 
B) implicit memory 
C) semantic memory 
D) working memory 
A) episodic memory 
B) implicit memory 
C) semantic memory 
D) working memory

Question 13

According to Langer (2005),_____ is being alert,mentally present,and cognitively flexible while going through life's everyday activities.

Accepted Answer

A) mindfulness 
B) attention 
C) thinking 
D) planfulness 
A) mindfulness 
B) attention 
C) thinking 
D) planfulness

Question 14

"I had my first vacation to Manhattan,New York,in 1949,and stayed at the Casablanca Hotel," says Mabel,who is 77 years old.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) semantic memory. 
B) implicit memory. 
C) visuospatial working memory. 
D) episodic memory. 
A) semantic memory. 
B) implicit memory. 
C) visuospatial working memory. 
D) episodic memory.

Question 15

Ninety-year-old Ben enjoys talking about growing up on a corn farm in Illinois.Given his age,Ben's episodic memory is likely to be

Accepted Answer

A) more accurate than his procedural memory 
B) less accurate than his semantic memory 
C) more accurate than his semantic memory 
D) equally accurate as his semantic memory 
A) more accurate than his procedural memory 
B) less accurate than his semantic memory 
C) more accurate than his semantic memory 
D) equally accurate as his semantic memory

Question 16

Tim is learning about Roman numerals.He _____ the relevant fact that the symbols 5 and V represent the same numerical value and _____ the irrelevant differences in their shape.

Accepted Answer

A) remembers; forgets 
B) encodes; ignores 
C) thinks about; remembers 
D) processes; attends to 
A) remembers; forgets 
B) encodes; ignores 
C) thinks about; remembers 
D) processes; attends to

Question 17

In the marshmallow experiments,those children who sang songs or picked their nose while waiting for the return of the experimenter ________ and ______.

Accepted Answer

A) engaged in "hot thoughts"; are less developed in executive function 
B) engaged in "cool thoughts"; are less developed in executive function 
C) engaged in "hot thoughts"; are more developed in executive function 
D) engaged in "cool thoughts"; are more developed in executive function 
A) engaged in "hot thoughts"; are less developed in executive function 
B) engaged in "cool thoughts"; are less developed in executive function 
C) engaged in "hot thoughts"; are more developed in executive function 
D) engaged in "cool thoughts"; are more developed in executive function

Question 18

Research shows that

Accepted Answer

A) even fetuses before birth show a limited type of memory. 
B) newborns right after birth show the earliest signs of memory. 
C) infants do not show any sign of memory until after 2 months of age. 
D) infants do not show any sign of memory until after 6 months of age. 
A) even fetuses before birth show a limited type of memory. 
B) newborns right after birth show the earliest signs of memory. 
C) infants do not show any sign of memory until after 2 months of age. 
D) infants do not show any sign of memory until after 6 months of age.

Question 19

Some experts believe that children of preschool age should not testify in court because

Accepted Answer

A) their short-term memory is completely unreliable. 
B) their working-memory is completely unreliable. 
C) they are highly susceptible to suggestion. 
D) they would reject any adult suggestion. 
A) their short-term memory is completely unreliable. 
B) their working-memory is completely unreliable. 
C) they are highly susceptible to suggestion. 
D) they would reject any adult suggestion.

Question 20

According to Jacqueline and Martin Brooks (1993,2001),school teachers typically did NOT do which of the following at school to promote critical thinking?

Accepted Answer

A) Make sure students got the single correct answer to a question. 
B) Encourage students to come up with new ideas and rethink conclusions. 
C) Ask students to define,describe,and list. 
D) Ask students to recite and memorize. 
A) Make sure students got the single correct answer to a question. 
B) Encourage students to come up with new ideas and rethink conclusions. 
C) Ask students to define,describe,and list. 
D) Ask students to recite and memorize.

According to schema theory,people

Compared to younger adults,older adults show _ activity in the frontal and parietal regions while they are engaging in simple tasks.However,as the attentional demands of the task increase,older adults display _ functioning in the frontal and parietal lobes that involve cognitive control.

A recent meta-analysis shows that processing speed begins to decline during

Manipulating and transforming information in memory is called

In which of the following areas is preschool children's control of attention deficient?

The cognitive developmental theories of Vygotsky,Piaget,and information processing share a focus on how people

In general,why are 40-year-olds better problem solvers than 20-year-olds?

The fuzzy-trace theory dual-process model argues that decision-making is influenced by two cognitive systems which operate in parallel.They are _ and _.

Which of the following is 70-year-old Leo LEAST likely to forget?

The creation of a new procedure for processing information is

Infantile amnesia may be due to

Rita remembers when she received a school award for perfect attendance.What type of memory is this?

According to Langer (2005),_____ is being alert,mentally present,and cognitively flexible while going through life's everyday activities.

"I had my first vacation to Manhattan,New York,in 1949,and stayed at the Casablanca Hotel," says Mabel,who is 77 years old.This is an example of

Ninety-year-old Ben enjoys talking about growing up on a corn farm in Illinois.Given his age,Ben's episodic memory is likely to be

Tim is learning about Roman numerals.He _ the relevant fact that the symbols 5 and V represent the same numerical value and _ the irrelevant differences in their shape.

In the marshmallow experiments,those children who sang songs or picked their nose while waiting for the return of the experimenter __ and .

Research shows that

Some experts believe that children of preschool age should not testify in court because

According to Jacqueline and Martin Brooks (1993,2001),school teachers typically did NOT do which of the following at school to promote critical thinking?

Introduction

Biological Beginnings

Physical Development and Biological Aging

Health

Motor, sensory, and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Developmental Approaches

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development and Attachment

The Self, identity, and Personality

Gender and Sexuality

Moral Development,values,and Religion

Families, lifestyles, and Parenting

Peers and the Sociocultural World

Schools, achievement, and Work

Death, dying, and Grieving

Filters

Exam 7: Information Processing

According to schema theory,people

Compared to younger adults,older adults show _____ activity in the frontal and parietal regions while they are engaging in simple tasks.However,as the attentional demands of the task increase,older adults display _____ functioning in the frontal and parietal lobes that involve cognitive control.

A recent meta-analysis shows that processing speed begins to decline during

Manipulating and transforming information in memory is called

In which of the following areas is preschool children's control of attention deficient?

The cognitive developmental theories of Vygotsky,Piaget,and information processing share a focus on how people

In general,why are 40-year-olds better problem solvers than 20-year-olds?

The fuzzy-trace theory dual-process model argues that decision-making is influenced by two cognitive systems which operate in parallel.They are _____ and _____.

Which of the following is 70-year-old Leo LEAST likely to forget?

The creation of a new procedure for processing information is

Infantile amnesia may be due to

Rita remembers when she received a school award for perfect attendance.What type of memory is this?

According to Langer (2005),_____ is being alert,mentally present,and cognitively flexible while going through life's everyday activities.

"I had my first vacation to Manhattan,New York,in 1949,and stayed at the Casablanca Hotel," says Mabel,who is 77 years old.This is an example of

Ninety-year-old Ben enjoys talking about growing up on a corn farm in Illinois.Given his age,Ben's episodic memory is likely to be

Tim is learning about Roman numerals.He _____ the relevant fact that the symbols 5 and V represent the same numerical value and _____ the irrelevant differences in their shape.

In the marshmallow experiments,those children who sang songs or picked their nose while waiting for the return of the experimenter ________ and ______.

Research shows that

Some experts believe that children of preschool age should not testify in court because

According to Jacqueline and Martin Brooks (1993,2001),school teachers typically did NOT do which of the following at school to promote critical thinking?

Introduction

Biological Beginnings

Physical Development and Biological Aging

Health

Motor, sensory, and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Developmental Approaches

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development and Attachment

The Self, identity, and Personality

Gender and Sexuality

Moral Development,values,and Religion

Families, lifestyles, and Parenting

Peers and the Sociocultural World

Schools, achievement, and Work

Death, dying, and Grieving

Filters

Compared to younger adults,older adults show _ activity in the frontal and parietal regions while they are engaging in simple tasks.However,as the attentional demands of the task increase,older adults display _ functioning in the frontal and parietal lobes that involve cognitive control.

The fuzzy-trace theory dual-process model argues that decision-making is influenced by two cognitive systems which operate in parallel.They are _ and _.

Tim is learning about Roman numerals.He _ the relevant fact that the symbols 5 and V represent the same numerical value and _ the irrelevant differences in their shape.

In the marshmallow experiments,those children who sang songs or picked their nose while waiting for the return of the experimenter __ and .