Exam 11: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

Select the correct statement regarding chemical synapses.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease in which the myelin sheaths are destroyed. What process does this interfere with and what would be the consequence?

Some nerve fibers of the peripheral nervous system have the ability to regenerate after damage has occurred. Which of the following cells is most responsible for aiding in this regulation?

The interior surface of a neuron's plasma membrane at resting membrane potential will have a _________.

Which of the following is true about the movement of ions across excitable living membranes?

When one or more presynaptic neurons fire in rapid order it produces a much greater depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane than would result from a single EPSP; this event is called __________ summation.

Cell bodies of sensory neurons may be located in ganglia lying outside the central nervous system.

Imagine a neuron that has several hundred axonal knobs impinging on it. The majority of these axonal knobs are shown to be "firing." However, the neuron in question does not transmit an impulse. Give a valid explanation of why this could occur.

Which of the following will occur when an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is being generated on the dendritic membrane?

What function is served by the increased axon diameter at the nodes of Ranvier?

At the biochemical level, what is the explanation of the hyperpolarization phase at the conclusion of the action potential?

A heroin addict was brought into the emergency room. The addict's friend asks the emergency room physician why heroin and morphine are such addictive drugs. How does the physician respond?

A patient is admitted to the hospital with exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS). She asks the nurse, "Why did this have to happen to me again? I was doing so well." Explain why some forms of MS are characterized by periods of remission and exacerbation.

Because all action potentials are alike, how does the brain separate situations that require immediate attention from ordinary "positional" reports?

Cranial nerve II, the optic nerve sends nerve impulses to the brain carrying information about the things we see. These nerve fibers most likely belong to which division of the nervous system?

The period after an initial stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus is the_________ .

If a postsynaptic cell is stimulated to threshold by temporal summation this implies that_________ .

Which of the following neurotransmitters is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter of the spinal cord?

Nerve impulses leading to the skeletal muscle carry information to direct movement. The nerve fibers sending these signals will most likely belong to which division of the nervous system?

Loss of function in the enzyme acetylcholine esterase would result in which of the following?