Question 1

Observed frequencies of occurrence of a behavior or event are compared to expected frequencies of occurrence of the behavior or event in a(n).

Accepted Answer

A) chi-square test of independence 
B) analysis of variance 
C) tind test 
D) Mann-Whitney U test 
A) chi-square test of independence 
B) analysis of variance 
C) tind test 
D) Mann-Whitney U test

Question 2

If the results of a study using the chi-square test of independence are summarized as χ2 (2, N = 120) = 25.95, p < .05, then you would know that the χ2 was based on.

Accepted Answer

A) the score of 122 participants 
B) a 2 × 2 contingency table 
C) one categorization of responses 
D) either a 3 × 2 or a 2 × 3 contingency table 
A) the score of 122 participants 
B) a 2 × 2 contingency table 
C) one categorization of responses 
D) either a 3 × 2 or a 2 × 3 contingency table

Question 3

Which of the following is an appropriate alternative hypothesis for a chi-square test of independence?

Accepted Answer

A) The means of populations A and B are unequal. 
B) The row and column variables are related in the population. 
C) The mean of the population is not equal to the mean of the sample. 
D) The distribution of scores for population A is different from the distribution of scores for population B. 
A) The means of populations A and B are unequal. 
B) The row and column variables are related in the population. 
C) The mean of the population is not equal to the mean of the sample. 
D) The distribution of scores for population A is different from the distribution of scores for population B.

Question 4

The row totals and the column totals in a two-way frequency table are called frequencies.

Accepted Answer

A) outside 
B) peripheral 
C) expected 
D) marginal 
A) outside 
B) peripheral 
C) expected 
D) marginal

Question 5

The U statistic is derived by comparing score for groups.

Accepted Answer

A) frequencies; two 
B) frequencies; three or more 
C) rankings; two 
D) rankings; three or more 
A) frequencies; two 
B) frequencies; three or more 
C) rankings; two 
D) rankings; three or more

Question 6

Nonparametric statistical tests should be used when.

Accepted Answer

A) the population distribution is normal 
B) the variances of scores are equal in the populations sampled 
C) the dependent variable achieves interval measurement 
D) measures of the dependent variables are heavily skewed 
A) the population distribution is normal 
B) the variances of scores are equal in the populations sampled 
C) the dependent variable achieves interval measurement 
D) measures of the dependent variables are heavily skewed

Question 7

The Mann-Whitney U test is used to analyze data that represent measurement from between-subjects experiments using levels of an independent variable.

Accepted Answer

A) interval; two 
B) ordinal; two 
C) interval; three or more 
D) ordinal; three or more 
A) interval; two 
B) ordinal; two 
C) interval; three or more 
D) ordinal; three or more

Question 8

The chi-square test of independence is used to analyze.

Accepted Answer

A) medians 
B) scores at the nominal level of measurement 
C) skewness 
D) continuous measurements 
A) medians 
B) scores at the nominal level of measurement 
C) skewness 
D) continuous measurements

Question 9

To meet the assumptions for use of the chi-square test of independence, the minimum expected frequency for any cell in a 2 x 2 contingency table should not be less than.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 10 
D) a value determined by multiplying the marginals 
A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 10 
D) a value determined by multiplying the marginals

Question 10

Which of the following is an appropriate null hypothesis for a chi-square test of independence?

Accepted Answer

A) The row and column variables are independent in the population. 
B) The means of populations A and B are equal. 
C) The mean of the population is equal to the mean of the sample. 
D) The distribution of scores for population A is identical to the distribution of scores for population B. 
A) The row and column variables are independent in the population. 
B) The means of populations A and B are equal. 
C) The mean of the population is equal to the mean of the sample. 
D) The distribution of scores for population A is identical to the distribution of scores for population B.

Question 11

Nonparametric statistical tests are used when.

Accepted Answer

A) the population distribution is normal 
B) the variances of scores are equal in the populations sampled 
C) measurements represent either nominal or ordinal scales 
D) the dependent variable achieves interval measurement 
A) the population distribution is normal 
B) the variances of scores are equal in the populations sampled 
C) measurements represent either nominal or ordinal scales 
D) the dependent variable achieves interval measurement

Question 12

A two-way contingency table is analyzed with a.

Accepted Answer

A) chi-square goodness-of-fit test 
B) chi-square test of independence 
C) Mann-Whitney U test 
D) Wilcoxon signed-ranks test 
A) chi-square goodness-of-fit test 
B) chi-square test of independence 
C) Mann-Whitney U test 
D) Wilcoxon signed-ranks test

Question 13

The U statistic is the.

Accepted Answer

A) number of times that the rank of a score in one group precedes the rank of a score in the other group 
B) smaller of two sums of ranks from two treatment conditions 
C) sum of the difference between observed and expected frequencies 
D) ratio of two independent variance estimates 
A) number of times that the rank of a score in one group precedes the rank of a score in the other group 
B) smaller of two sums of ranks from two treatment conditions 
C) sum of the difference between observed and expected frequencies 
D) ratio of two independent variance estimates

Question 14

If the results of a study using the chi-square goodness-of-fit test are summarized as χ2 (4, N = 120) = 25.95, p < .05, then you would know that.

Accepted Answer

A) five categorizations of responses were used 
B) four categorizations of responses were used 
C) three categorizations of responses were used 
D) a 2 × 2 contingency table was used 
A) five categorizations of responses were used 
B) four categorizations of responses were used 
C) three categorizations of responses were used 
D) a 2 × 2 contingency table was used

Question 15

The chi-square test of independence is used to analyze.

Accepted Answer

A) medians 
B) skewness 
C) frequency data 
D) continuous measurements 
A) medians 
B) skewness 
C) frequency data 
D) continuous measurements

Question 16

The expected frequency within a cell in a contingency table for a chi-square test of independence is determined by.

Accepted Answer

A) multiplying the marginals for the cell and dividing by N 
B) multiplying the marginals for the cell and dividing by the frequency in the cell 
C) summing the marginals for the cell and dividing by N 
D) summing the marginals for the cell and dividing by the frequency in the cell 
A) multiplying the marginals for the cell and dividing by N 
B) multiplying the marginals for the cell and dividing by the frequency in the cell 
C) summing the marginals for the cell and dividing by N 
D) summing the marginals for the cell and dividing by the frequency in the cell

Question 17

If H0 is true in a chi-square test of independence, then the expected and observed.

Accepted Answer

A) means in a cell of a contingency table should be about equal 
B) standard deviations in a cell of a contingency table should be about equal 
C) frequencies in a cell of a contingency table should be unequal 
D) frequencies in a cell of a contingency table should be about equal 
A) means in a cell of a contingency table should be about equal 
B) standard deviations in a cell of a contingency table should be about equal 
C) frequencies in a cell of a contingency table should be unequal 
D) frequencies in a cell of a contingency table should be about equal

Question 18

When the chi-square statistic is used to analyze the frequencies of a single variable, it is referred to as a test of.

Accepted Answer

A) association 
B) covariation 
C) goodness-of-fit 
D) independence 
A) association 
B) covariation 
C) goodness-of-fit 
D) independence

Question 19

Which one of the following values of χ2 is most likely to fall into the rejection region for 1 df and alpha equal to .01?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) -3.86 
C) 1.99 
D) 12.42 
A) 0 
B) -3.86 
C) 1.99 
D) 12.42

Question 20

If the results of a study using the chi-square test of independence are summarized as χ2 (1, N = 57) = 1.15, p > .05, then you would know that the total number of participants used was and the null hypothesis was.

Accepted Answer

A) 57; rejected 
B) 57; not rejected 
C) 58; rejected 
D) 58; not rejected 
A) 57; rejected 
B) 57; not rejected 
C) 58; rejected 
D) 58; not rejected

Observed frequencies of occurrence of a behavior or event are compared to expected frequencies of occurrence of the behavior or event in a(n).

If the results of a study using the chi-square test of independence are summarized as χ2 (2, N = 120) = 25.95, p < .05, then you would know that the χ2 was based on.

Which of the following is an appropriate alternative hypothesis for a chi-square test of independence?

The row totals and the column totals in a two-way frequency table are called frequencies.

The U statistic is derived by comparing score for groups.

Nonparametric statistical tests should be used when.

The Mann-Whitney U test is used to analyze data that represent measurement from between-subjects experiments using levels of an independent variable.

The chi-square test of independence is used to analyze.

To meet the assumptions for use of the chi-square test of independence, the minimum expected frequency for any cell in a 2 x 2 contingency table should not be less than.

Which of the following is an appropriate null hypothesis for a chi-square test of independence?

Nonparametric statistical tests are used when.

A two-way contingency table is analyzed with a.

The U statistic is the.

If the results of a study using the chi-square goodness-of-fit test are summarized as χ2 (4, N = 120) = 25.95, p < .05, then you would know that.

The chi-square test of independence is used to analyze.

The expected frequency within a cell in a contingency table for a chi-square test of independence is determined by.

If H0 is true in a chi-square test of independence, then the expected and observed.

When the chi-square statistic is used to analyze the frequencies of a single variable, it is referred to as a test of.

Which one of the following values of χ2 is most likely to fall into the rejection region for 1 df and alpha equal to .01?

If the results of a study using the chi-square test of independence are summarized as χ2 (1, N = 57) = 1.15, p > .05, then you would know that the total number of participants used was and the null hypothesis was.

Making Sense of Variability: an Introduction to Statistics

Statistics in the Context of Scientific Research

Looking at Data: Frequency Distributions and Graphs

Looking at Data: Measures of Central Tendency

Looking at Data: Measures of Variability

The Normal Distribution, Probability, and Standard Scores

Understanding Data: Using Statistics for Inference and Estimation

Is There Really a Difference Introduction to Statistical Hypothesis Testing

The Basics of Experimentation and Testing for a Difference Between Means

One-Factor Between-Subjects Analysis of Variance

Two-Factor Between-Subjects Analysis of Variance

One-Factor Within-Subjects Analysis of Variance

Correlation: Understanding Covariation

Regression Analysis: Predicting Linear Relationships

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Exam 15: Nonparametric Tests

Observed frequencies of occurrence of a behavior or event are compared to expected frequencies of occurrence of the behavior or event in a(n).

If the results of a study using the chi-square test of independence are summarized as χ2 (2, N = 120) = 25.95, p < .05, then you would know that the χ2 was based on.

Which of the following is an appropriate alternative hypothesis for a chi-square test of independence?

The row totals and the column totals in a two-way frequency table are called frequencies.

The U statistic is derived by comparing score for groups.

Nonparametric statistical tests should be used when.

The Mann-Whitney U test is used to analyze data that represent measurement from between-subjects experiments using levels of an independent variable.

The chi-square test of independence is used to analyze.

To meet the assumptions for use of the chi-square test of independence, the minimum expected frequency for any cell in a 2 x 2 contingency table should not be less than.

Which of the following is an appropriate null hypothesis for a chi-square test of independence?

Nonparametric statistical tests are used when.

A two-way contingency table is analyzed with a.

The U statistic is the.

If the results of a study using the chi-square goodness-of-fit test are summarized as χ2 (4, N = 120) = 25.95, p < .05, then you would know that.

The chi-square test of independence is used to analyze.

The expected frequency within a cell in a contingency table for a chi-square test of independence is determined by.

If H0 is true in a chi-square test of independence, then the expected and observed.

When the chi-square statistic is used to analyze the frequencies of a single variable, it is referred to as a test of.

Which one of the following values of χ2 is most likely to fall into the rejection region for 1 df and alpha equal to .01?

If the results of a study using the chi-square test of independence are summarized as χ2 (1, N = 57) = 1.15, p > .05, then you would know that the total number of participants used was and the null hypothesis was.

Making Sense of Variability: an Introduction to Statistics

Statistics in the Context of Scientific Research

Looking at Data: Frequency Distributions and Graphs

Looking at Data: Measures of Central Tendency

Looking at Data: Measures of Variability

The Normal Distribution, Probability, and Standard Scores

Understanding Data: Using Statistics for Inference and Estimation

Is There Really a Difference Introduction to Statistical Hypothesis Testing

The Basics of Experimentation and Testing for a Difference Between Means

One-Factor Between-Subjects Analysis of Variance

Two-Factor Between-Subjects Analysis of Variance

One-Factor Within-Subjects Analysis of Variance

Correlation: Understanding Covariation

Regression Analysis: Predicting Linear Relationships

Filters