Question 1

Caesare Lombroso, an Italian physician and early criminologist, claimed that most criminals were people who had been mistreated by society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Of all the serious crimes discussed in Chapter 7,______ occurs far more frequently than all the others.

Accepted Answer

A)  motor-vehicle theft 
B)  larceny-theft 
C)  robbery 
D)  forcible rape 
A)  motor-vehicle theft 
B)  larceny-theft 
C)  robbery 
D)  forcible rape

Question 3

"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime

Accepted Answer

A)  refers to a much wider range of behavior. 
B)  is a violation of norms enacted into law. 
C)  is always less harmful. 
D)  is always more harmful. 
A)  refers to a much wider range of behavior. 
B)  is a violation of norms enacted into law. 
C)  is always less harmful. 
D)  is always more harmful.

Question 4

The United States is the only Western, high-income nation that routinely imposes the death penalty on convicted offenders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Victimization surveys show that the actual amount of crime in the United States is about_____________ what official reports indicate.

Accepted Answer

A)  ten times greater than 
B)  twice as high as 
C)  the same as 
D)  half of 
A)  ten times greater than 
B)  twice as high as 
C)  the same as 
D)  half of

Question 6

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is most likely to arise among

Accepted Answer

A)  high-income males. 
B)  middle-class men and women. 
C)  low-income youths. 
D)  women at all class levels. 
A)  high-income males. 
B)  middle-class men and women. 
C)  low-income youths. 
D)  women at all class levels.

Question 7

What is considered deviant is mostly the same behavior all around the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Research suggests that, with regard to social class, arrest for violent and property crime

Accepted Answer

A)  is about the same for people of all class levels. 
B)  is higher for people in lower class levels. 
C)  is higher for people in higher class levels. 
D)  almost always involves middle-class people. 
A)  is about the same for people of all class levels. 
B)  is higher for people in lower class levels. 
C)  is higher for people in higher class levels. 
D)  almost always involves middle-class people.

Question 9

According to Robert Merton's strain theory, which of the following concepts correctly describes people, including alcoholics and drug addicts, who "drop out" of society?

Accepted Answer

A)  ritualist 
B)  innovator 
C)  rebel 
D)  retreatist 
A)  ritualist 
B)  innovator 
C)  rebel 
D)  retreatist

Question 10

Albert Cohen suggested that lower-class youths join delinquent subcultures to gain the self-respect that the larger society so often denies them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The basic idea behind labeling theory is that

Accepted Answer

A)  deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. 
B)  deviance is actually useful in a number of ways. 
C)  people rarely define even harmful wrongdoing as deviance. 
D)  power has much to do with how a society defines deviance. 
A)  deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do. 
B)  deviance is actually useful in a number of ways. 
C)  people rarely define even harmful wrongdoing as deviance. 
D)  power has much to do with how a society defines deviance.

Question 12

Which of the following concepts refers to the formal system that responds to alleged violations of the law using police, courts, and prison officials?

Accepted Answer

A)  socialization 
B)  civil law 
C)  the criminal justice system 
D)  the normative system 
A)  socialization 
B)  civil law 
C)  the criminal justice system 
D)  the normative system

Question 13

Travis Hirschi's "control theory" would lead us to expect that people who commit crimes have little concern about the consequences of their behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin extended Merton's theory of deviance by stating that crime

Accepted Answer

A)  is typically a result of drug dependence or other substance addiction. 
B)  is defined in such a way as to overly criminalize the poor. 
C)  is more common among the rich who have more resources. 
D)  reflects not only limited legitimate opportunity but also accessible illegitimate opportunity. 
A)  is typically a result of drug dependence or other substance addiction. 
B)  is defined in such a way as to overly criminalize the poor. 
C)  is more common among the rich who have more resources. 
D)  reflects not only limited legitimate opportunity but also accessible illegitimate opportunity.

Question 15

The concept "criminal recidivism" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the idea that crime "really does pay." 
B)  subsequent offenses by people previously convicted of crimes. 
C)  efforts by police to enlist help from a local community. 
D)  young people growing up in a "criminal" environment. 
A)  the idea that crime "really does pay." 
B)  subsequent offenses by people previously convicted of crimes. 
C)  efforts by police to enlist help from a local community. 
D)  young people growing up in a "criminal" environment.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is consistent with the thinking of Emile Durkheim?

Accepted Answer

A)  Police and courts are needed to stem the tide of deviance caused by selfish human nature. 
B)  Deviance affirms cultural values and norms. 
C)  Responding to deviance divides people in a community. 
D)  When people engage in deviance, this behavior erodes moral boundaries. 
A)  Police and courts are needed to stem the tide of deviance caused by selfish human nature. 
B)  Deviance affirms cultural values and norms. 
C)  Responding to deviance divides people in a community. 
D)  When people engage in deviance, this behavior erodes moral boundaries.

Question 17

The basic idea behind labeling theory is that

Accepted Answer

A)  deviance arises not so much from what people 
B)  deviance is actually useful in a number of ways. 
C)  power has much to do with how a society do as how others respond to what they do. defines deviance. 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  deviance arises not so much from what people 
B)  deviance is actually useful in a number of ways. 
C)  power has much to do with how a society do as how others respond to what they do. defines deviance. 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 18

Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect

Accepted Answer

A)  only offenses cleared by arrest. 
B)  all crimes that take place. 
C)  only offenses known to the police. 
D)  only offenses resulting in a criminal conviction. 
A)  only offenses cleared by arrest. 
B)  all crimes that take place. 
C)  only offenses known to the police. 
D)  only offenses resulting in a criminal conviction.

Caesare Lombroso, an Italian physician and early criminologist, claimed that most criminals were people who had been mistreated by society.

Of all the serious crimes discussed in Chapter 7,______ occurs far more frequently than all the others.

"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime

The United States is the only Western, high-income nation that routinely imposes the death penalty on convicted offenders.

Victimization surveys show that the actual amount of crime in the United States is about_____________ what official reports indicate.

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is most likely to arise among

What is considered deviant is mostly the same behavior all around the world.

Research suggests that, with regard to social class, arrest for violent and property crime

According to Robert Merton's strain theory, which of the following concepts correctly describes people, including alcoholics and drug addicts, who "drop out" of society?

Albert Cohen suggested that lower-class youths join delinquent subcultures to gain the self-respect that the larger society so often denies them.

The basic idea behind labeling theory is that

Which of the following concepts refers to the formal system that responds to alleged violations of the law using police, courts, and prison officials?

Travis Hirschi's "control theory" would lead us to expect that people who commit crimes have little concern about the consequences of their behavior.

Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin extended Merton's theory of deviance by stating that crime

The concept "criminal recidivism" refers to

Which of the following statements is consistent with the thinking of Emile Durkheim?

The basic idea behind labeling theory is that

Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect

Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method

Culture

Socialization: From Infancy to Old Age

Social Interaction in Everyday Life

Groups and Organizations

Sexuality and Society

Social Stratification

Global Stratification

Gender Stratification

Race and Ethnicity

Economics and Politics

Family and Religion

Education, Health, and Medicine

Population, Urbanization, and Environment

Social Change: Modern and Postmodern Societies

Filters

Exam 7: Deviance

Caesare Lombroso, an Italian physician and early criminologist, claimed that most criminals were people who had been mistreated by society.

Of all the serious crimes discussed in Chapter 7,______ occurs far more frequently than all the others.

"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime

The United States is the only Western, high-income nation that routinely imposes the death penalty on convicted offenders.

Victimization surveys show that the actual amount of crime in the United States is about_____________ what official reports indicate.

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is most likely to arise among

What is considered deviant is mostly the same behavior all around the world.

Research suggests that, with regard to social class, arrest for violent and property crime

According to Robert Merton's strain theory, which of the following concepts correctly describes people, including alcoholics and drug addicts, who "drop out" of society?

Albert Cohen suggested that lower-class youths join delinquent subcultures to gain the self-respect that the larger society so often denies them.

The basic idea behind labeling theory is that

Which of the following concepts refers to the formal system that responds to alleged violations of the law using police, courts, and prison officials?

Travis Hirschi's "control theory" would lead us to expect that people who commit crimes have little concern about the consequences of their behavior.

Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin extended Merton's theory of deviance by stating that crime

The concept "criminal recidivism" refers to

Which of the following statements is consistent with the thinking of Emile Durkheim?

The basic idea behind labeling theory is that

Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect

Sociology: Perspective, Theory, and Method

Culture

Socialization: From Infancy to Old Age

Social Interaction in Everyday Life

Groups and Organizations

Sexuality and Society

Social Stratification

Global Stratification

Gender Stratification

Race and Ethnicity

Economics and Politics

Family and Religion

Education, Health, and Medicine

Population, Urbanization, and Environment

Social Change: Modern and Postmodern Societies

Filters