Question 1

In evaluating an HIV-positive patient's response to antiviral therapy, which data indicates a positive response?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased viral load 
B) Increased BUN 
C) Increased CD4+ count 
D) Increased creatinine 
A) Increased viral load 
B) Increased BUN 
C) Increased CD4+ count 
D) Increased creatinine C

Question 2

Place the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in sequential order. (Enter the number of each step in the proper sequence; do not use punctuation or spaces. Example: 1234)
A) Symptomatic/AIDS
B) Death
C) Seroconversion
D) Viral transmission
E) Acute viral infection 
F) Asymptomatic chronic infection

Accepted Answer

D,E,C,F,A,B

Question 3

The nurse correlates which comorbidities as impacting length of time from infection to death in patients who are not receiving treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Asthma 
B) Malaria 
C) Malnutrition 
D) Pancreatitis 
E) Tuberculosis 
A) Asthma 
B) Malaria 
C) Malnutrition 
D) Pancreatitis 
E) Tuberculosis B,C,E

Question 4

The nurse provides care to a patient who is diagnosed with HIV. Which assessment finding necessitates immediate notification to the healthcare provider?

Accepted Answer

A) Weakness 
B) Nausea and vomiting 
C) Temperature of 102.2°F (39°
C)  
D) Weight drops from 150 to 140 lbs. (68 to 63.5 kg) 
A) Weakness 
B) Nausea and vomiting 
C) Temperature of 102.2°F (39°
C)  
D) Weight drops from 150 to 140 lbs. (68 to 63.5 kg)

Question 5

In providing care to a patient with HIV who initially weighed 50 kg, at what weight does the nurse determine that the patient's condition is deteriorating and requires immediate attention regarding weight loss? (Express as the number of kilograms.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of In providing care to a patient with...

Question 6

The nurse is providing care to a patient, diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with a CD4+ count of 300 cells/$\mu$L. The nurse documents this as which stage of HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

A) Pre-HIV 
B) Stage 1 
C) Stage 2 
D) Stage 3 
A) Pre-HIV 
B) Stage 1 
C) Stage 2 
D) Stage 3

Question 7

The nurse provides care to a patient diagnosed with HIV. Which clinical manifestations cause the nurse to ask the patient if sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim) was prescribed prophylactically within the last 2 weeks? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Emesis 
B) Nausea 
C) Anemia 
D) Diarrhea 
E) Skin rash 
A) Emesis 
B) Nausea 
C) Anemia 
D) Diarrhea 
E) Skin rash

Question 8

The nurse is assessing a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who presents with a rash. Which assessment question is most important?

Accepted Answer

A) "Are you taking Bactrim?" 
B) "Have you recently used a new soap?" 
C) "What have you eaten in the last few days?" 
D) "Did you have unprotected sex within the last week?" 
A) "Are you taking Bactrim?" 
B) "Have you recently used a new soap?" 
C) "What have you eaten in the last few days?" 
D) "Did you have unprotected sex within the last week?"

Question 9

The nurse is planning care for a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The nurse selects Risk for Infection as a priority nursing diagnosis for this patient. Based on this nursing diagnosis, which actions by the nurse are appropriate? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Administering tuberculosis skin tests every 6 months 
B) Teaching proper food-handling techniques to the family 
C) Instructing on the importance of using nonbleach cleaners for blood spills at home 
D) Assessing the health status of all visitors 
E) Monitoring hand-washing techniques used by the family 
A) Administering tuberculosis skin tests every 6 months 
B) Teaching proper food-handling techniques to the family 
C) Instructing on the importance of using nonbleach cleaners for blood spills at home 
D) Assessing the health status of all visitors 
E) Monitoring hand-washing techniques used by the family

Question 10

The nurse is providing care to a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient's CD4+ count is currently 480 cells/$\mu$L. Which complication is this patient at risk for developing?

Accepted Answer

A) Toxoplasmosis 
B) Herpes zoster virus 
C) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) 
D) Severe bacterial infection 
A) Toxoplasmosis 
B) Herpes zoster virus 
C) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) 
D) Severe bacterial infection

Question 11

A nurse working in an intensive care unit (ICU) is assigned a patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Based on this data, which type of precaution does the nurse implement when providing direct care?

Accepted Answer

A) Droplet 
B) Reverse 
C) Standard 
D) Contact 
A) Droplet 
B) Reverse 
C) Standard 
D) Contact

Question 12

The nurse is discharging a patient who was recently diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Because the patient has a young child at home, which immunization is contraindicated for the child at this time?

Accepted Answer

A) Varicella vaccine 
B) Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB conjugate vaccine) 
C) Hepatitis B vaccine (hep 
B)  
D) Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP) 
A) Varicella vaccine 
B) Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB conjugate vaccine) 
C) Hepatitis B vaccine (hep 
B)  
D) Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP)

Question 13

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which states in the United States have the highest incidence of HIV infections? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) California 
B) Georgia 
C) Louisiana 
D) Nevada 
E) New York 
A) California 
B) Georgia 
C) Louisiana 
D) Nevada 
E) New York

Question 14

In preparing an education program for staff about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the nurse includes which information? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) In HIV-infected patients who do not receive treatment, the time from infection and death is approximately 12 years. 
B) In HIV-infected patients from resource-limited countries, the time from infection to death is less than 2 years. 
C) Malnutrition is a comorbidity of HIV infection. 
D) In adults, HIV is categorized into three different stages. 
E) With treatment for HIV, patients may be categorized into a less severe stage. 
A) In HIV-infected patients who do not receive treatment, the time from infection and death is approximately 12 years. 
B) In HIV-infected patients from resource-limited countries, the time from infection to death is less than 2 years. 
C) Malnutrition is a comorbidity of HIV infection. 
D) In adults, HIV is categorized into three different stages. 
E) With treatment for HIV, patients may be categorized into a less severe stage.

Question 15

The nurse is caring for an HIV-positive patient who has been on prophylaxis to reduce the risk of opportunistic infections. In reviewing the patient's health record, the nurse correlates that prophylaxis can be stopped based on which data?

Accepted Answer

A) CD4+ count greater than 50 cells/$\mu$L for at least 2 months 
B) CD4+ count greater than 100 cells/$\mu$L for at least 3 months 
C) CD4+ count greater than 200 cells/$\mu$L for at least 3 months 
D) CD4+ count greater than 500 cells/$\mu$L for at least 2 months 
A) CD4+ count greater than 50 cells/$\mu$L for at least 2 months 
B) CD4+ count greater than 100 cells/$\mu$L for at least 3 months 
C) CD4+ count greater than 200 cells/$\mu$L for at least 3 months 
D) CD4+ count greater than 500 cells/$\mu$L for at least 2 months

Question 16

Which immunization should the nurse encourage for a patient who is diagnosed with stage 2 HIV?

Accepted Answer

A) Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine 
B) Oral polio vaccine (OPV) 
C) Influenza vaccine 
D) Varicella vaccine 
A) Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine 
B) Oral polio vaccine (OPV) 
C) Influenza vaccine 
D) Varicella vaccine

Question 17

A nurse is performing an admission assessment on a patient with clinical manifestations that indicate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which question from the nurse addresses a major risk factor for contracting HIV?

Accepted Answer

A) "Has your partner been experiencing these symptoms?" 
B) "When was your first sexual experience?" 
C) "Have you had any fever, diarrhea, or chills over the last 48 hours?" 
D) "Have you ever experimented with intravenous drugs?" 
A) "Has your partner been experiencing these symptoms?" 
B) "When was your first sexual experience?" 
C) "Have you had any fever, diarrhea, or chills over the last 48 hours?" 
D) "Have you ever experimented with intravenous drugs?"

Question 18

Which is the priority action for a nurse who is exposed to a needle-stick injury while providing patient care?

Accepted Answer

A) Washing the injury under running water 
B) Squeezing the site to remove the patient's blood 
C) Taking two or three drugs for 28 days 
D) Consenting to an HIV test 
A) Washing the injury under running water 
B) Squeezing the site to remove the patient's blood 
C) Taking two or three drugs for 28 days 
D) Consenting to an HIV test

Question 19

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient states, "I don't plan on giving up sex just because I am HIV positive." Based on this data, which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?

Accepted Answer

A) Risk for Infection 
B) Anxiety 
C) Knowledge Deficit 
D) Social Isolation 
A) Risk for Infection 
B) Anxiety 
C) Knowledge Deficit 
D) Social Isolation

Question 20

In administering antiretroviral therapy medications to patients with HIV infections, the nurse correlates the mechanism of action of preventing viral RNA from becoming viral DNA by impacting the enzyme reverse transcriptase to which classes of medication? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) CCR5 antagonists 
B) Fusion inhibitors 
C) Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) 
D) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) 
E) Protease inhibitors 
A) CCR5 antagonists 
B) Fusion inhibitors 
C) Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) 
D) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) 
E) Protease inhibitors

Exam 22: Coordinating Care for Patients With Hiv

In evaluating an HIV-positive patient's response to antiviral therapy, which data indicates a positive response?

The nurse correlates which comorbidities as impacting length of time from infection to death in patients who are not receiving treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection? Select all that apply.

The nurse provides care to a patient who is diagnosed with HIV. Which assessment finding necessitates immediate notification to the healthcare provider?

In providing care to a patient with HIV who initially weighed 50 kg, at what weight does the nurse determine that the patient's condition is deteriorating and requires immediate attention regarding weight loss? (Express as the number of kilograms.)

The nurse is providing care to a patient, diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with a CD4+ count of 300 cells/ μ\muμ L. The nurse documents this as which stage of HIV infection?

The nurse provides care to a patient diagnosed with HIV. Which clinical manifestations cause the nurse to ask the patient if sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim) was prescribed prophylactically within the last 2 weeks? Select all that apply.

The nurse is assessing a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who presents with a rash. Which assessment question is most important?

The nurse is planning care for a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The nurse selects Risk for Infection as a priority nursing diagnosis for this patient. Based on this nursing diagnosis, which actions by the nurse are appropriate? Select all that apply.

The nurse is providing care to a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient's CD4+ count is currently 480 cells/ μ\muμ L. Which complication is this patient at risk for developing?

A nurse working in an intensive care unit (ICU) is assigned a patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Based on this data, which type of precaution does the nurse implement when providing direct care?

The nurse is discharging a patient who was recently diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Because the patient has a young child at home, which immunization is contraindicated for the child at this time?

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which states in the United States have the highest incidence of HIV infections? Select all that apply.

In preparing an education program for staff about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the nurse includes which information? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for an HIV-positive patient who has been on prophylaxis to reduce the risk of opportunistic infections. In reviewing the patient's health record, the nurse correlates that prophylaxis can be stopped based on which data?

Which immunization should the nurse encourage for a patient who is diagnosed with stage 2 HIV?

A nurse is performing an admission assessment on a patient with clinical manifestations that indicate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which question from the nurse addresses a major risk factor for contracting HIV?

Which is the priority action for a nurse who is exposed to a needle-stick injury while providing patient care?

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient states, "I don't plan on giving up sex just because I am HIV positive." Based on this data, which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?

In administering antiretroviral therapy medications to patients with HIV infections, the nurse correlates the mechanism of action of preventing viral RNA from becoming viral DNA by impacting the enzyme reverse transcriptase to which classes of medication? Select all that apply.

Foundations for Medical-Surgical Nursing

Interprofessional Collaboration and Care Coordination

Cultural Considerations

Ethical Concepts

Palliative Care and End-Of-Life Issues

Geriatric Implications for Medical-Surgical Nursing

Oxygen Therapy Management

Fluid and Electrolyte Management

Acidbase Balance

Overview of Infusion Therapies

Pain Management

Complementary and Alternative Care Initiatives

Overview of Cancer Care

Overview of Shock and Sepsis

Priorities for the Preoperative Patient

Priorities for the Intraoperative Patient

Priorities for the Postoperative Patient

Assessment of Immune Function

Coordinating Care for Patients With Immune Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Connective Tissue Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Organism Infectious Disorders

Assessment of Respiratory Function

Coordinating Care for Patients With Infectious Respiratory Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Upper Airway Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Lower Airway Disorders

Coordinating Care for Critically Ill Patients With Respiratory Dysfunction

Assessment of Cardiovascular Function

Coordinating Care for Patients With Cardiac Dysrhythmia

Coordinating Care for Patients With Cardiac Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Vascular Disorders

Coordinating Care for Critically Ill Patients With Cardiovascular Dysfunction

Assessment of Hematological Function

Coordinating Care for Patients With Hematological Disorders

Assessment of Neurological Function

Coordinating Care for Patients With Brain Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Spinal Cord Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Peripheral Nervous System Disorders

Coordinating Care for Critically Ill Patients With Neurological Dysfunction

Assessment of Endocrine Function

Coordinating Care for Patients With Pituitary Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Adrenal Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Thyroid and Parathyroid Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Assessment of Visual Function

Coordinating Care for Patients With Visual Disorders

Assessment of Auditory Function

Coordinating Care for Patients With Hearing Disorders

Assessment of Integumentary Function

Coordinating Care for Patients With Skin Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Burns

Assessment of Musculoskeletal Function

Coordinating Care for Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Musculoskeletal Trauma

Assessment of Gastrointestinal Function

Coordinating Care for Patients With Oral and Esophageal Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Stomach Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Intestinal Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Hepatic Disorders

Coordinating Care for Patients With Biliary and Pancreatic Disorders

Assessment of Renal and Urinary Function

The nurse is providing care to a patient, diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with a CD4⁺ count of 300 cells/ $\mu$ L. The nurse documents this as which stage of HIV infection?

The nurse is providing care to a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient's CD4⁺ count is currently 480 cells/ $\mu$ L. Which complication is this patient at risk for developing?