Question 1

All of the following are features of the metabolism of surplus dietary carbohydrate in human beings except

Accepted Answer

A) excess glucose suppresses fat oxidation. 
B) excess glucose is oxidized only very slowly. 
C) excess glucose is first used to fill glycogen reserves. 
D) conversion of excess glucose to fat occurs only to a very limited extent. 
A) excess glucose suppresses fat oxidation. 
B) excess glucose is oxidized only very slowly. 
C) excess glucose is first used to fill glycogen reserves. 
D) conversion of excess glucose to fat occurs only to a very limited extent.

Question 2

The health benefits of moderate alcohol intake occur in people with a starting age (years) of

Accepted Answer

A) 21. 
B) 35. 
C) 55. 
D) 65. 
A) 21. 
B) 35. 
C) 55. 
D) 65.

Question 3

Which of the following can be synthesized from all three energy-yielding nutrients?

Accepted Answer

A) Lactate 
B) Glycogen 
C) Acetyl CoA 
D) Oxaloacetate 
A) Lactate 
B) Glycogen 
C) Acetyl CoA 
D) Oxaloacetate

Question 4

Which of the following accounts for the higher energy density of a fatty acid compared with the other energy-yielding nutrients?

Accepted Answer

A) Fatty acids have a lower percentage of hydrogen-carbon bonds 
B) Fatty acids have a greater percentage of hydrogen-carbon bonds 
C) Other energy-yielding nutrients have a lower percentage of oxygen-carbon bonds 
D) Other energy-yielding nutrients undergo fewer metabolic reactions, thereby lowering the energy yield 
A) Fatty acids have a lower percentage of hydrogen-carbon bonds 
B) Fatty acids have a greater percentage of hydrogen-carbon bonds 
C) Other energy-yielding nutrients have a lower percentage of oxygen-carbon bonds 
D) Other energy-yielding nutrients undergo fewer metabolic reactions, thereby lowering the energy yield

Question 5

A person with fruity odor on the breath demonstrates evidence of metabolic

Accepted Answer

A) ketosis. 
B) alkalosis. 
C) transamination. 
D) anaerobic breakdown. 
A) ketosis. 
B) alkalosis. 
C) transamination. 
D) anaerobic breakdown.

Question 6

Approximately what percentage of alcohol in the body is eliminated via the urine and breath?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 10 
D) 25 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 10 
D) 25

Question 7

Which of the following is classified as a ketone body?

Accepted Answer

A) Sorbitol 
B) Pyruvate 
C) Acetyl CoA 
D) Acetoacetate 
A) Sorbitol 
B) Pyruvate 
C) Acetyl CoA 
D) Acetoacetate

Question 8

Ketonemia is defined as an elevation of

Accepted Answer

A) ketones in the blood. 
B) ketones in the urine. 
C) alpha-ketoglutarate in the blood. 
D) alpha-ketoglutarate in the urine. 
A) ketones in the blood. 
B) ketones in the urine. 
C) alpha-ketoglutarate in the blood. 
D) alpha-ketoglutarate in the urine.

Question 9

What organ is first to absorb alcohol after a person takes a drink?

Accepted Answer

A) Colon 
B) Stomach 
C) Jejunum 
D) Duodenum 
A) Colon 
B) Stomach 
C) Jejunum 
D) Duodenum

Question 10

When a person is performing intense physical exercise and begins to feel fatigue and a burning pain in the muscles, the response of the muscles is to synthesize more

Accepted Answer

A) lactate. 
B) glucose. 
C) citric acid. 
D) fatty acids. 
A) lactate. 
B) glucose. 
C) citric acid. 
D) fatty acids.

Question 11

What percentage (by weight) of a triglyceride molecule can be converted to glucose?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 5 
C) 50 
D) 100 
A) 0 
B) 5 
C) 50 
D) 100

Question 12

Which of the following is a feature of aerobic metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) Little or no oxygen is consumed 
B) Lactic acid is a major byproduct 
C) Energy is produced more slowly than in anaerobic metabolism 
D) Pyruvate is converted to glucose by reverse glycolysis to yield a net of 2 ATPs 
A) Little or no oxygen is consumed 
B) Lactic acid is a major byproduct 
C) Energy is produced more slowly than in anaerobic metabolism 
D) Pyruvate is converted to glucose by reverse glycolysis to yield a net of 2 ATPs

Question 13

What is acetaldehyde?

Accepted Answer

A) An intermediate in fatty acid synthesis 
B) An intermediate in alcohol metabolism 
C) The first product of fatty acid catabolism 
D) The TCA compound that combines with acetyl CoA 
A) An intermediate in fatty acid synthesis 
B) An intermediate in alcohol metabolism 
C) The first product of fatty acid catabolism 
D) The TCA compound that combines with acetyl CoA

Question 14

If a normal person expends 1200 kcalories while at rest, approximately how many are used by the brain?

Accepted Answer

A) 40 
B) 100 
C) 200 
D) 300 
A) 40 
B) 100 
C) 200 
D) 300

Question 15

Which of the following is not a possible fate of metabolized glucose?

Accepted Answer

A) Urea 
B) Acetyl CoA 
C) Amino acids 
D) Muscle glycogen 
A) Urea 
B) Acetyl CoA 
C) Amino acids 
D) Muscle glycogen

Question 16

The Cori cycle involves the interconversion of

Accepted Answer

A) lactate and glucose. 
B) glucose and amino acids. 
C) pyruvate and citric acids. 
D) fatty acids and acetyl CoA. 
A) lactate and glucose. 
B) glucose and amino acids. 
C) pyruvate and citric acids. 
D) fatty acids and acetyl CoA.

Question 17

Which of the following can not be formed from acetyl CoA molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) Glucose 
B) Cholesterol 
C) Stearic acid 
D) Carbon dioxide 
A) Glucose 
B) Cholesterol 
C) Stearic acid 
D) Carbon dioxide

Question 18

If a person consumes 100 kcalories in excess of energy needs from olive oil, approximately what percentage of the kcalories are stored in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) 25 
B) 45 
C) 65 
D) 95 
A) 25 
B) 45 
C) 65 
D) 95

Question 19

What is the major energy carrier molecule in most cells?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP 
B) Glucose 
C) Pyruvate 
D) A kcalorie 
A) ATP 
B) Glucose 
C) Pyruvate 
D) A kcalorie

Question 20

Which of the following describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Digestion 
B) Metabolism 
C) Absorption 
D) Catabolism 
A) Digestion 
B) Metabolism 
C) Absorption 
D) Catabolism

Exam 7: Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

All of the following are features of the metabolism of surplus dietary carbohydrate in human beings except

The health benefits of moderate alcohol intake occur in people with a starting age (years) of

Which of the following can be synthesized from all three energy-yielding nutrients?

Which of the following accounts for the higher energy density of a fatty acid compared with the other energy-yielding nutrients?

A person with fruity odor on the breath demonstrates evidence of metabolic

Approximately what percentage of alcohol in the body is eliminated via the urine and breath?

Which of the following is classified as a ketone body?

Ketonemia is defined as an elevation of

What organ is first to absorb alcohol after a person takes a drink?

When a person is performing intense physical exercise and begins to feel fatigue and a burning pain in the muscles, the response of the muscles is to synthesize more

What percentage (by weight) of a triglyceride molecule can be converted to glucose?

Which of the following is a feature of aerobic metabolism?

What is acetaldehyde?

If a normal person expends 1200 kcalories while at rest, approximately how many are used by the brain?

Which of the following is not a possible fate of metabolized glucose?

The Cori cycle involves the interconversion of

Which of the following can not be formed from acetyl CoA molecules?

If a person consumes 100 kcalories in excess of energy needs from olive oil, approximately what percentage of the kcalories are stored in the body?

What is the major energy carrier molecule in most cells?

Which of the following describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Protein: Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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