Question 1

Define tendon organs and muscle spindles relative to the stretch reflex.

Accepted Answer

Tendon organs work with muscle spindles to act as proprioceptors in skeletal muscles and their associated tendons. When muscles are stretched due to contraction of antagonist muscles, the spindle neurons send impulses to the spinal cord, where they synapse with motor neurons of the stretched muscle. Impulses are then sent to the stretched muscle, which then resists further stretching. At more severe degrees of stretch, the tendon organs inhibit rather than increase resistance to stretching in order to prevent muscle tissue damage.

Question 2

Speculate about the benefit of having the nerve supply of the diaphragm, which is located in the thoracic- lumbar area of the spinal cord, arise from cervical nerves.

Accepted Answer

The fact that the phrenic nerve originates so high in the spinal cord reduces the likelihood of spinal damage above the phrenic origin, thereby reducing the possibility that a spinal injury would stop the diaphragm from working.

Question 3

The perineurium defines the boundary of a .

Accepted Answer

fascicle

Question 4

A nurse is asked about the cause of the excruciating pain of tic douloureux. How should s/he answer?

Accepted Answer

The excruciating pain is cause

Question 5

Figure 13.3Using Figure 13.3, match the following:
-When we hear a strange sound in a room, which aspect of sensory perception is activated?

Accepted Answer

The perceptual detection aspec

Question 6

Regeneration within the CNS _ _.

Accepted Answer

A)  is more successful than with the PNS 
B)  typically allows axonal sprouting of 20 mm 
C)  is promoted by growth inhibitors and glial scars 
D)  is prevented due to growth- inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes 
A)  is more successful than with the PNS 
B)  typically allows axonal sprouting of 20 mm 
C)  is promoted by growth inhibitors and glial scars 
D)  is prevented due to growth- inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes

Question 7

Figure 13.3Using Figure 13.3, match the following:
-Contain autonomic nerve fibers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Figure 13.3Using Figure 13.3, match...

Question 8

The flexor muscles in the anterior arm (biceps brachii and brachialis) are innervated by what nerve?

Accepted Answer

A)  ulnar 
B)  median 
C)  radial 
D)  musculocutaneous 
A)  ulnar 
B)  median 
C)  radial 
D)  musculocutaneous

Question 9

A major nerve of the lumbar plexus is the .

Accepted Answer

A)  ilioinguinal 
B)  sciatic 
C)  femoral 
D)  iliohypogastric 
A)  ilioinguinal 
B)  sciatic 
C)  femoral 
D)  iliohypogastric

Question 10

How is a receptor potential similar to an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) generated at a synapse?

Accepted Answer

A receptor potential acts essentially th

Question 11

Figure 13.1Using Figure 13.1, match the following:
-The thickest and longest nerve in the body is the nerve.

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Figure 13.1Using Figure 13.1, match...

Question 12

List and describe the functions of the three cranial nerves that serve the muscles of the eye.

Accepted Answer

The three cranial nerves are: oculomotor

Question 13

Figure 13.3Using Figure 13.3, match the following:
-How does accommodation of muscle spindles figure in the importance of stretch routines as a warm- up for exercise?

Accepted Answer

Initially, as muscle spindles are stretc

Question 14

Figure 13.1Using Figure 13.1, match the following:
-Longest cranial nerve.

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Figure 13.1Using Figure 13.1, match...

Question 15

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the occurrence of a sensation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The stimulus energy must occur within the receptor's receptive field. 
B)  The stimulus energy must be converted into the energy of a graded potential called a transduction potential. 
C)  A generator potential in the associated sensory neuron must reach threshold. 
D)  The stimulus energy must match the specificity of the receptor. 
A)  The stimulus energy must occur within the receptor's receptive field. 
B)  The stimulus energy must be converted into the energy of a graded potential called a transduction potential. 
C)  A generator potential in the associated sensory neuron must reach threshold. 
D)  The stimulus energy must match the specificity of the receptor.

Question 16

Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the .

Accepted Answer

A)  lumbar plexus 
B)  thoracic plexus 
C)  femoral plexus 
D)  sacral plexus 
A)  lumbar plexus 
B)  thoracic plexus 
C)  femoral plexus 
D)  sacral plexus

Question 17

Dorsal and ventral rami are similar in that they both contain sensory and motor fibers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Figure 13.1Using Figure 13.1, match the following:
-Damage to this nerve would cause difficulty in speech and swallowing, but no effect on visceral organs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Figure 13.1Using Figure 13.1, match...

Question 19

The musculocutaneous nerve is a major nerve of the brachial plexus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Figure 13.3Using Figure 13.3, match the following:
-Name three unencapsulated sensory receptors and tell what they are used for.

Accepted Answer

1. Free nerve endings are found througho

Exam 13: The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

Define tendon organs and muscle spindles relative to the stretch reflex.

Speculate about the benefit of having the nerve supply of the diaphragm, which is located in the thoracic- lumbar area of the spinal cord, arise from cervical nerves.

The perineurium defines the boundary of a .

A nurse is asked about the cause of the excruciating pain of tic douloureux. How should s/he answer?

Figure 13.3Using Figure 13.3, match the following: -When we hear a strange sound in a room, which aspect of sensory perception is activated?

Regeneration within the CNS _ _.

Figure 13.3Using Figure 13.3, match the following: -Contain autonomic nerve fibers.

The flexor muscles in the anterior arm (biceps brachii and brachialis) are innervated by what nerve?

A major nerve of the lumbar plexus is the .

How is a receptor potential similar to an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) generated at a synapse?

Figure 13.1Using Figure 13.1, match the following: -The thickest and longest nerve in the body is the nerve.

List and describe the functions of the three cranial nerves that serve the muscles of the eye.

Figure 13.3Using Figure 13.3, match the following: -How does accommodation of muscle spindles figure in the importance of stretch routines as a warm- up for exercise?

Figure 13.1Using Figure 13.1, match the following: -Longest cranial nerve.

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the occurrence of a sensation?

Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the .

Dorsal and ventral rami are similar in that they both contain sensory and motor fibers.

Figure 13.1Using Figure 13.1, match the following: -Damage to this nerve would cause difficulty in speech and swallowing, but no effect on visceral organs.

The musculocutaneous nerve is a major nerve of the brachial plexus.

Figure 13.3Using Figure 13.3, match the following: -Name three unencapsulated sensory receptors and tell what they are used for.

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defensives

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body Temperature Regulation

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Pregnancy and Human Development

Heredity

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