Question 1

Developmental researchers are interested in understanding

Accepted Answer

A)  how people change over time. 
B)  age-related changes. 
C)  age-related differences or variations. 
D)  all of these are correct. 
A)  how people change over time. 
B)  age-related changes. 
C)  age-related differences or variations. 
D)  all of these are correct. D

Question 2

All of the following are historical terms referring to Americans of African ancestry except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Caucasian 
B)  Colored people 
C)  Negroes 
D)  Black Americans 
A)  Caucasian 
B)  Colored people 
C)  Negroes 
D)  Black Americans A

Question 3

Which of the following is not a characteristic of cross-sectional research?

Accepted Answer

A)  multiple age groups 
B)  multiple cohorts 
C)  repeated observations 
D)  single time-of-measurement 
A)  multiple age groups 
B)  multiple cohorts 
C)  repeated observations 
D)  single time-of-measurement C

Question 4

Testing people's fear of bridges shortly following a well-publicized bridge collapse might produce a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  age effect. 
B)  time-of-measurement effect. 
C)  practice effect. 
D)  cohort effect. 
A)  age effect. 
B)  time-of-measurement effect. 
C)  practice effect. 
D)  cohort effect.

Question 5

While going through her late 40s and early 50s a woman is experiencing menopause. This is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  age effect. 
B)  time-of-measurement effect. 
C)  practice effect. 
D)  cohort effect. 
A)  age effect. 
B)  time-of-measurement effect. 
C)  practice effect. 
D)  cohort effect.

Question 6

Measuring the functioning of various vital or life-limiting systems, such as the human sensory system, is an assessment of

Accepted Answer

A)  biological age. 
B)  chronological age. 
C)  sociocultural age. 
D)  psychological age. 
A)  biological age. 
B)  chronological age. 
C)  sociocultural age. 
D)  psychological age.

Question 7

Even if age is positively correlated with speed of cognitive processing, we cannot conclude that age "caused" this increase because

Accepted Answer

A)  response speed is not usually affected by age. 
B)  age normally causes a decrease in cognitive speed. 
C)  only experimental studies can demonstrate cause and effect relationships. 
D)  only correlational studies can demonstrate cause and effect relationships. 
A)  response speed is not usually affected by age. 
B)  age normally causes a decrease in cognitive speed. 
C)  only experimental studies can demonstrate cause and effect relationships. 
D)  only correlational studies can demonstrate cause and effect relationships.

Question 8

According to Baltes et al. (2006) life-span development consists of the dynamic interaction among all of the following factors except

Accepted Answer

A)  geographic location 
B)  growth 
C)  maintenance 
D)  loss regulation 
A)  geographic location 
B)  growth 
C)  maintenance 
D)  loss regulation

Question 9

One of the perspectives of life-span development is that people develop within a certain set of circumstances that are determined by the culture in which they were born. This perspective is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  Plasticity 
B)  Multidirectionalism 
C)  Historical context 
D)  Multiple causation 
A)  Plasticity 
B)  Multidirectionalism 
C)  Historical context 
D)  Multiple causation

Question 10

The index of age that represents a person's intellectual, memory, or learning ability is called

Accepted Answer

A)  biological age. 
B)  perceived age. 
C)  sociocultural age. 
D)  psychological age. 
A)  biological age. 
B)  perceived age. 
C)  sociocultural age. 
D)  psychological age.

Question 11

When one cannot determine which of two or more variables is responsible for an observed behavior or outcome, the results are said to be uncorrelated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which variables are manipulated by the researcher(s) in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent variables 
B)  independent variables 
C)  codependent variables 
D)  confounding variables 
A)  dependent variables 
B)  independent variables 
C)  codependent variables 
D)  confounding variables

Question 13

Meta-analysis is ____________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  a powerful tool as it allows scientists to determine whether a finding generalizes a study. 
B)  a powerful tool as it allows people to determine whether a finding generalizes across many studies that used different methods. 
C)  a confusing tool that does not allow people to determine whether a finding generalizes a study. 
D)  None of these 
A)  a powerful tool as it allows scientists to determine whether a finding generalizes a study. 
B)  a powerful tool as it allows people to determine whether a finding generalizes across many studies that used different methods. 
C)  a confusing tool that does not allow people to determine whether a finding generalizes a study. 
D)  None of these

Question 14

Name the type of investigation design invented by K. Warner Schaie.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sequential design 
B)  Parallel design 
C)  Disordered design 
D)  None of these 
A)  Sequential design 
B)  Parallel design 
C)  Disordered design 
D)  None of these

Question 15

A study of 70-year-olds finds that they are more likely to vacation in January than younger individuals. What can be concluded?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased age caused participants to vacation more. 
B)  Sex of participant is a confounding variable. 
C)  Since age and cohort are confounding variables, it is not possible to determine whether increased vacations in January are due to age or historical time in which one lived. 
D)  Time of measurement is a confounding variable. 
A)  Increased age caused participants to vacation more. 
B)  Sex of participant is a confounding variable. 
C)  Since age and cohort are confounding variables, it is not possible to determine whether increased vacations in January are due to age or historical time in which one lived. 
D)  Time of measurement is a confounding variable.

Question 16

Population trends in the United States, specifically the continuing rise in the number of elderly people, are

Accepted Answer

A)  unique and specific to the United States. 
B)  not unique because the population of elderly persons is increasing in most parts of the world. 
C)  also seen in Africa but not elsewhere in the world. 
D)  also seen in Europe but not elsewhere in the world. 
A)  unique and specific to the United States. 
B)  not unique because the population of elderly persons is increasing in most parts of the world. 
C)  also seen in Africa but not elsewhere in the world. 
D)  also seen in Europe but not elsewhere in the world.

Question 17

A commonly used design in adult development and aging research is the extreme age design ("young" vs "old"). Which of the following is a limitation of this type of study?

Accepted Answer

A)  the samples are not representative and may not generalize 
B)  the measures may not mean the same thing across age groups and may not be valid 
C)  age is not treated as a continuous variable 
D)  all of these are correct 
A)  the samples are not representative and may not generalize 
B)  the measures may not mean the same thing across age groups and may not be valid 
C)  age is not treated as a continuous variable 
D)  all of these are correct

Question 18

Gerontology is

Accepted Answer

A)  the same thing as ageism. 
B)  the study of prejudice and discrimination toward the elderly. 
C)  the study of aging. 
D)  the study of how chronic illnesses progress over time. 
A)  the same thing as ageism. 
B)  the study of prejudice and discrimination toward the elderly. 
C)  the study of aging. 
D)  the study of how chronic illnesses progress over time.

Question 19

Define and explain how a first marriage could be an example of a normative age-graded event, a normative history-graded event, and a nonnormative event.

Accepted Answer

1. Normative age-graded influences gener

Question 20

You recently read a study in which the researchers concluded that after age 60, women's IQs drop dramatically. This conclusion was based upon comparisons of women born between 1910 and 1930 and women born between 1960 and 1980. Based upon this information, the comment you would most likely make is

Accepted Answer

A)  this is not a valid result because men were not included in the study. 
B)  longitudinal research doesn't work well when looking at IQ over time. 
C)  cohort effects likely account for the observed differences. 
D)  whoever conducted this study is negatively biased against older women. 
A)  this is not a valid result because men were not included in the study. 
B)  longitudinal research doesn't work well when looking at IQ over time. 
C)  cohort effects likely account for the observed differences. 
D)  whoever conducted this study is negatively biased against older women.

Developmental researchers are interested in understanding

All of the following are historical terms referring to Americans of African ancestry except:

Which of the following is not a characteristic of cross-sectional research?

Testing people's fear of bridges shortly following a well-publicized bridge collapse might produce a(n)

While going through her late 40s and early 50s a woman is experiencing menopause. This is an example of a(n)

Measuring the functioning of various vital or life-limiting systems, such as the human sensory system, is an assessment of

Even if age is positively correlated with speed of cognitive processing, we cannot conclude that age "caused" this increase because

According to Baltes et al. (2006) life-span development consists of the dynamic interaction among all of the following factors except

One of the perspectives of life-span development is that people develop within a certain set of circumstances that are determined by the culture in which they were born. This perspective is called:

The index of age that represents a person's intellectual, memory, or learning ability is called

When one cannot determine which of two or more variables is responsible for an observed behavior or outcome, the results are said to be uncorrelated.

Which variables are manipulated by the researcher(s) in an experiment?

Meta-analysis is ____________ .

Name the type of investigation design invented by K. Warner Schaie.

A study of 70-year-olds finds that they are more likely to vacation in January than younger individuals. What can be concluded?

Population trends in the United States, specifically the continuing rise in the number of elderly people, are

A commonly used design in adult development and aging research is the extreme age design ("young" vs "old"). Which of the following is a limitation of this type of study?

Gerontology is

Define and explain how a first marriage could be an example of a normative age-graded event, a normative history-graded event, and a nonnormative event.

You recently read a study in which the researchers concluded that after age 60, women's IQs drop dramatically. This conclusion was based upon comparisons of women born between 1910 and 1930 and women born between 1960 and 1980. Based upon this information, the comment you would most likely make is

Neuroscience As a Basis for Adult Development

Physical Changes

Longevity, Health, and Functioning

Where People Live: Person-Environment Interactions

Attention and Memory

Intelligence, Reasoning, Creativity, and Wisdom

Social Cognition

Personality

Clinical Assessment, Mental Health, and Mental Disorders

Relationships

Work, Leisure, and Retirement

Dying and Bereavement

Healthy Aging

Filters

Exam 1: Studying Adult Development and Aging

Developmental researchers are interested in understanding

All of the following are historical terms referring to Americans of African ancestry except:

Which of the following is not a characteristic of cross-sectional research?

Testing people's fear of bridges shortly following a well-publicized bridge collapse might produce a(n)

While going through her late 40s and early 50s a woman is experiencing menopause. This is an example of a(n)

Measuring the functioning of various vital or life-limiting systems, such as the human sensory system, is an assessment of

Even if age is positively correlated with speed of cognitive processing, we cannot conclude that age "caused" this increase because

According to Baltes et al. (2006) life-span development consists of the dynamic interaction among all of the following factors except

One of the perspectives of life-span development is that people develop within a certain set of circumstances that are determined by the culture in which they were born. This perspective is called:

The index of age that represents a person's intellectual, memory, or learning ability is called

When one cannot determine which of two or more variables is responsible for an observed behavior or outcome, the results are said to be uncorrelated.

Which variables are manipulated by the researcher(s) in an experiment?

Meta-analysis is ____________ .

Name the type of investigation design invented by K. Warner Schaie.

A study of 70-year-olds finds that they are more likely to vacation in January than younger individuals. What can be concluded?

Population trends in the United States, specifically the continuing rise in the number of elderly people, are

A commonly used design in adult development and aging research is the extreme age design ("young" vs "old"). Which of the following is a limitation of this type of study?

Gerontology is

Define and explain how a first marriage could be an example of a normative age-graded event, a normative history-graded event, and a nonnormative event.

You recently read a study in which the researchers concluded that after age 60, women's IQs drop dramatically. This conclusion was based upon comparisons of women born between 1910 and 1930 and women born between 1960 and 1980. Based upon this information, the comment you would most likely make is

Neuroscience As a Basis for Adult Development

Physical Changes

Longevity, Health, and Functioning

Where People Live: Person-Environment Interactions

Attention and Memory

Intelligence, Reasoning, Creativity, and Wisdom

Social Cognition

Personality

Clinical Assessment, Mental Health, and Mental Disorders

Relationships

Work, Leisure, and Retirement

Dying and Bereavement

Healthy Aging

Filters