Exam 4: Explanations of Criminal Behavior

The argument that mental illness does NOT cause crime and violence posits that symptoms ______.

Which of the following is more realistic and represents the part of the personality that deals with cognitive decision-making skills?

Scholars point out that feminist discussions about crime are limited to "women's issues."

Which of the following theories look at how larger social structures such as environment and institutions such as schools, peer groups, and the family can help explain criminal behavior?

Level three of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of cognitive development and crime, the ______, takes place when young adults begin to consider their worldview in light of their own moral compass.

Incapacitation suggests that people will avoid potentially pleasurable acts if the pain or fear of punishment is significant.

One of the major contributions of ______ was that he was the first to use the scientific method to explain criminal behavior.

Which of the following schools of criminology suggests that criminals are different from other citizens?

Hirschi argued that attachment refers to the bond that people have with family, friends, and social institutions.It may serve as an informal control against criminality.

Gottfredson and Hirschi's General Theory of Crime suggests that ties to conventional adult activities such as family and work can serve as a protective factor in adulthood, even if the individual has engaged in delinquent acts during adolescence.

The positivist school of criminology involves a data-driven approach to understanding criminal behavior.

Which of the following macro theories investigates how neighborhood environments contribute to criminal behavior?

______ theories of crime focus on individual differences between law-abiding and law-violating behaviors.

Feminist pathways research seeks to show how life events and traumas affect the likelihood to engage in crime.

Developed by Edwin Sutherland, which of the following theories posits that these learned behaviors about crime and delinquency are a result of peer associations?

What is a research question? Provide an example.

A ______ provides a path of inquiry to study.

The fundamental perspective of the classical school of criminology is that people engage in criminal behavior as a result of their own free will.

How can Freud's concepts of the id, ego and superego be used to understand criminal behavior?

Travis Hirschi identified four elements of the bond: attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief.