Question 1

What factors influence the timing and extent of age-related changes? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Health maintenance 
B)  Ethnicity 
C)  Heredity 
D)  Attitude 
E)  Environment 
A)  Health maintenance 
B)  Ethnicity 
C)  Heredity 
D)  Attitude 
E)  Environment A, C, E

Question 2

The Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) caring for an older adult asks if the yellow, waxy, crusty lesions on the patient s axilla and groin are contagious. Which response shows the nurse s understanding for the cause of the lesions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes. It is cellulitis caused by bacteria. 
B)  No. It is seborrheic dermatitis caused by excessive sebum. 
C)  Yes. It is an indication of scabies. 
D)  No. It is the lesion seen with basal cell carcinoma. 
A)  Yes. It is cellulitis caused by bacteria. 
B)  No. It is seborrheic dermatitis caused by excessive sebum. 
C)  Yes. It is an indication of scabies. 
D)  No. It is the lesion seen with basal cell carcinoma. B

Question 3

What would be the most helpful response to a 70-year-old postmenopausal woman who asks whether her hormone replacement therapy (HRT) will prevent bone loss?

Accepted Answer

A)  No. HRT is not helpful after the age of 60. 
B)  Yes. HRT will prevent bone loss but can cause a stroke, heart attack, or breast cancer. 
C)  No. HRT is reliant on some natural estrogen production from the ovaries. 
D)  Yes. HRT is a widely accepted therapy for prevention of bone loss. 
A)  No. HRT is not helpful after the age of 60. 
B)  Yes. HRT will prevent bone loss but can cause a stroke, heart attack, or breast cancer. 
C)  No. HRT is reliant on some natural estrogen production from the ovaries. 
D)  Yes. HRT is a widely accepted therapy for prevention of bone loss. B

Question 4

Arrange these common diseases of the older adult in order of their mortality rate.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cancer 
B)  Pneumonia 
C)  Stroke 
D)  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COP
D)  
E)  Heart disease 
A)  Cancer 
B)  Pneumonia 
C)  Stroke 
D)  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COP
D)  
E)  Heart disease

Question 5

A 75-year-old male is worried that his wartlike dark macules with distinct borders are melanomas. What would be the most likely cause for the macules?

Accepted Answer

A)  Senile lentigo 
B)  Cutaneous papillomas 
C)  Seborrheic keratoses 
D)  Xerosis 
A)  Senile lentigo 
B)  Cutaneous papillomas 
C)  Seborrheic keratoses 
D)  Xerosis

Question 6

The nurse is aware that children with __________ have the treatment and care needs of persons of advanced age.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is aware that children with...

Question 7

A person with Parkinsons disease has a nursing diagnosis of nutrition, less than body requirements related to difficulty swallowing. What change would the nurse make in the nursing care plan?

Accepted Answer

A)  Feed the patient at each meal. 
B)  Place the patient in a semi-Fowler position for mealtime. 
C)  Offer a thick, high-nutrition shake as a snack. 
D)  Encourage the patient to drink a sip of water after each bite of solid food. 
A)  Feed the patient at each meal. 
B)  Place the patient in a semi-Fowler position for mealtime. 
C)  Offer a thick, high-nutrition shake as a snack. 
D)  Encourage the patient to drink a sip of water after each bite of solid food.

Question 8

What is the pathophysiology of emphysema?

Accepted Answer

A)  Constriction of the bronchial tree, excessive mucus, and nonproductive cough 
B)  Calcification of the alveoli and a dry cough 
C)  Overinflation of the alveoli, making them ineffective for gas exchange 
D)  Inflammation of the trachea and bronchioles, excessive mucus, and productive cough 
A)  Constriction of the bronchial tree, excessive mucus, and nonproductive cough 
B)  Calcification of the alveoli and a dry cough 
C)  Overinflation of the alveoli, making them ineffective for gas exchange 
D)  Inflammation of the trachea and bronchioles, excessive mucus, and productive cough

Question 9

A 70-year-old woman asks, How in the world can my bones be brittle when I eat all the right foods? Which response by the nurse would be the most informative?

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcium loss is expected in the older adult. 
B)  Calcium is continuously withdrawn from bone for nerve and muscle function. 
C)  Smoking and alcohol consumption speed calcium loss from the bones. 
D)  Walking and standing increase calcium loss from the bone. 
A)  Calcium loss is expected in the older adult. 
B)  Calcium is continuously withdrawn from bone for nerve and muscle function. 
C)  Smoking and alcohol consumption speed calcium loss from the bones. 
D)  Walking and standing increase calcium loss from the bone.

Question 10

The nurse cautions the Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) to use care when transferring or handling older adults. The nurse understands that the vascular fragility of the older adult can result in which condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Altered blood pressure 
B)  Pressure ulcers 
C)  Pruritus 
D)  Senile purpura 
A)  Altered blood pressure 
B)  Pressure ulcers 
C)  Pruritus 
D)  Senile purpura

Question 11

The nurse assesses a patient with diabetes and finds the patient to be pale, edematous, and listless with a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 35 mg/dL and a creatinine level of 4 mg/dL. What would the results of the nursing assessment indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diverticulitis 
B)  Congestive heart failure 
C)  Chronic kidney disease 
D)  Benign prostatic hypertrophy 
A)  Diverticulitis 
B)  Congestive heart failure 
C)  Chronic kidney disease 
D)  Benign prostatic hypertrophy

Question 12

What age-related changes in the respiratory system explain why the older adult is at risk for infection? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Reduced ciliary movement 
B)  Decrease in alveolar elasticity 
C)  Pooling of secretions 
D)  Flattened diaphragm 
E)  Calcification of costal cartilage 
A)  Reduced ciliary movement 
B)  Decrease in alveolar elasticity 
C)  Pooling of secretions 
D)  Flattened diaphragm 
E)  Calcification of costal cartilage

Question 13

Why would a nurse lead a group of postmenopausal women on a daily 15-minute walking tour through the long-term care facility?

Accepted Answer

A)  To improve bone strength 
B)  To orient them to their surroundings 
C)  To improve their socialization 
D)  To increase their appetite 
A)  To improve bone strength 
B)  To orient them to their surroundings 
C)  To improve their socialization 
D)  To increase their appetite

Question 14

What are Heberden nodes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yellow longitudinal lines in the nails 
B)  Thickened discolored fingernails 
C)  Darkened areas under the fingernail 
D)  Bony enlargements of distal joints of the fingers 
A)  Yellow longitudinal lines in the nails 
B)  Thickened discolored fingernails 
C)  Darkened areas under the fingernail 
D)  Bony enlargements of distal joints of the fingers

Question 15

Which assessment finding is the cardinal signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dyspnea and edema 
B)  Myocardial pain and hypotension 
C)  Ventricular arrhythmias and cyanosis 
D)  Atrial arrhythmias and polycythemia 
A)  Dyspnea and edema 
B)  Myocardial pain and hypotension 
C)  Ventricular arrhythmias and cyanosis 
D)  Atrial arrhythmias and polycythemia

Question 16

The nurse is accompanying a group of older adults on a July 4th outing to monitor heat prostration. What factor is related to heat intolerance in the older adult?

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in melanin 
B)  A reduction of perspiration 
C)  A reduction in body temperature 
D)  Increased capillary fragility 
A)  An increase in melanin 
B)  A reduction of perspiration 
C)  A reduction in body temperature 
D)  Increased capillary fragility

Question 17

What is the pathophysiology of a myocardial infarct?

Accepted Answer

A)  A portion of the myocardium necroses and scars over. 
B)  The coronary vessels are narrowed during the attack. 
C)  The ischemic myocardium causes pain during the attack but is able to regenerate. 
D)  There is damage to the myocardium but no serious alteration of cardiac output. 
A)  A portion of the myocardium necroses and scars over. 
B)  The coronary vessels are narrowed during the attack. 
C)  The ischemic myocardium causes pain during the attack but is able to regenerate. 
D)  There is damage to the myocardium but no serious alteration of cardiac output.

Question 18

What is a symptom of inadequate insulin coverage in a patient with diabetes mellitus type I?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diminished urine output 
B)  Ketones in the urine 
C)  Shallow and slow respirations 
D)  Extreme diaphoresis 
A)  Diminished urine output 
B)  Ketones in the urine 
C)  Shallow and slow respirations 
D)  Extreme diaphoresis

Question 19

What should be avoided by an 82-year-old man with rosacea? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Stress 
B)  Dairy products 
C)  Sun exposure 
D)  Spicy foods 
E)  Alcohol consumption 
A)  Stress 
B)  Dairy products 
C)  Sun exposure 
D)  Spicy foods 
E)  Alcohol consumption

Question 20

What is a cause of pernicious anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  An iron deficiency 
B)  A deficiency of vitamin B12 
C)  Low serum potassium level 
D)  Blood loss 
A)  An iron deficiency 
B)  A deficiency of vitamin B12 
C)  Low serum potassium level 
D)  Blood loss

What factors influence the timing and extent of age-related changes? (Select all that apply.)

The Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) caring for an older adult asks if the yellow, waxy, crusty lesions on the patient s axilla and groin are contagious. Which response shows the nurse s understanding for the cause of the lesions?

What would be the most helpful response to a 70-year-old postmenopausal woman who asks whether her hormone replacement therapy (HRT) will prevent bone loss?

Arrange these common diseases of the older adult in order of their mortality rate.

A 75-year-old male is worried that his wartlike dark macules with distinct borders are melanomas. What would be the most likely cause for the macules?

The nurse is aware that children with __________ have the treatment and care needs of persons of advanced age.

A person with Parkinsons disease has a nursing diagnosis of nutrition, less than body requirements related to difficulty swallowing. What change would the nurse make in the nursing care plan?

What is the pathophysiology of emphysema?

A 70-year-old woman asks, How in the world can my bones be brittle when I eat all the right foods? Which response by the nurse would be the most informative?

The nurse cautions the Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) to use care when transferring or handling older adults. The nurse understands that the vascular fragility of the older adult can result in which condition?

The nurse assesses a patient with diabetes and finds the patient to be pale, edematous, and listless with a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 35 mg/dL and a creatinine level of 4 mg/dL. What would the results of the nursing assessment indicate?

What age-related changes in the respiratory system explain why the older adult is at risk for infection? (Select all that apply.)

Why would a nurse lead a group of postmenopausal women on a daily 15-minute walking tour through the long-term care facility?

What are Heberden nodes?

Which assessment finding is the cardinal signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure?

The nurse is accompanying a group of older adults on a July 4th outing to monitor heat prostration. What factor is related to heat intolerance in the older adult?

What is the pathophysiology of a myocardial infarct?

What is a symptom of inadequate insulin coverage in a patient with diabetes mellitus type I?

What should be avoided by an 82-year-old man with rosacea? (Select all that apply.)

What is a cause of pernicious anemia?

Trends and Issues

Theories of Aging

Health Promotion, Health Maintenance, and Home Health Considerations

Communicating With Older Adults

Maintaining Fluid Balance and Meeting Nutritional Needs

Medications and Older Adults

Health Assessment of Older Adults

Meeting Safety Needs of Older Adults

Cognition and Perception

Self-Perception and Self-Concept

Roles and Relationships

Coping and Stress

Values and Beliefs

End-Of-Life Care

Sexuality and Aging

Care of Aging Skin and Mucous Membranes

Elimination

Activity and Exercise

Sleep and Rest

Filters

Exam 3: Physiologic Changes

What factors influence the timing and extent of age-related changes? (Select all that apply.)

The Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) caring for an older adult asks if the yellow, waxy, crusty lesions on the patient s axilla and groin are contagious. Which response shows the nurse s understanding for the cause of the lesions?

What would be the most helpful response to a 70-year-old postmenopausal woman who asks whether her hormone replacement therapy (HRT) will prevent bone loss?

Arrange these common diseases of the older adult in order of their mortality rate.

A 75-year-old male is worried that his wartlike dark macules with distinct borders are melanomas. What would be the most likely cause for the macules?

The nurse is aware that children with __________ have the treatment and care needs of persons of advanced age.

A person with Parkinsons disease has a nursing diagnosis of nutrition, less than body requirements related to difficulty swallowing. What change would the nurse make in the nursing care plan?

What is the pathophysiology of emphysema?

A 70-year-old woman asks, How in the world can my bones be brittle when I eat all the right foods? Which response by the nurse would be the most informative?

The nurse cautions the Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) to use care when transferring or handling older adults. The nurse understands that the vascular fragility of the older adult can result in which condition?

The nurse assesses a patient with diabetes and finds the patient to be pale, edematous, and listless with a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 35 mg/dL and a creatinine level of 4 mg/dL. What would the results of the nursing assessment indicate?

What age-related changes in the respiratory system explain why the older adult is at risk for infection? (Select all that apply.)

Why would a nurse lead a group of postmenopausal women on a daily 15-minute walking tour through the long-term care facility?

What are Heberden nodes?

Which assessment finding is the cardinal signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure?

The nurse is accompanying a group of older adults on a July 4th outing to monitor heat prostration. What factor is related to heat intolerance in the older adult?

What is the pathophysiology of a myocardial infarct?

What is a symptom of inadequate insulin coverage in a patient with diabetes mellitus type I?

What should be avoided by an 82-year-old man with rosacea? (Select all that apply.)

What is a cause of pernicious anemia?

Trends and Issues

Theories of Aging

Health Promotion, Health Maintenance, and Home Health Considerations

Communicating With Older Adults

Maintaining Fluid Balance and Meeting Nutritional Needs

Medications and Older Adults

Health Assessment of Older Adults

Meeting Safety Needs of Older Adults

Cognition and Perception

Self-Perception and Self-Concept

Roles and Relationships

Coping and Stress

Values and Beliefs

End-Of-Life Care

Sexuality and Aging

Care of Aging Skin and Mucous Membranes

Elimination

Activity and Exercise

Sleep and Rest

Filters