Exam 9: Technology-Based Industries and the Management of Innovation

Where different technological solutions compete to establish a de facto technical standard, the winner is usually best technology.

A company may seek to patent an invention even if it has no intentions of commercializing it.Which of the following is not an important reason for such strategic patenting?

A common feature of the world's most valuable companies-Apple, Alphabet, Microsoft, Amazon, Tencent, Facebook, and Alibaba-in mid-2018 was:

In relation to innovation, the term "regime of appropriability" describes the conditions which influence how the returns to innovation are distributed between the innovator and other parties

The ability of an innovating firm to appropriation of returns to its innovation is wholly dependent on establishing property rights in the innovation

Empirical research shows that for both product and process innovations, patents are more effective at protecting innovation than secrecy.

Which of the following statements about the relationship between innovation and invention are correct?

Invention and innovation are essentially the same.

An innovator's ability to derive profit from an innovation depends primarily upon:

Network externalities in smartphones arise primarily from:

The distinction between codifiable and tacit knowledge is relevant to a firm's ability to appropriate the returns to its innovation because:

During recent years, the cycle of innovation (from initial knowledge generation to final diffusion) has:

A shopping mall provides an interface between two types of customer: the retailers which lease retail stores and the consumers that shop at these stores.Hence a shopping mall may be regarded as a platform.

Network externalities exist when the value of a product to an individual depends on the number of other users.

The history of innovation supports Emerson's prediction that superior technology ("a better mousetrap") is usually translated into commercial success.

An innovator may fail to earn any significant returns from an innovation if:

The network externalities that support eBay's dominance of the market online auctions are primarily the result of user-based network effects.

A standard is a format or interface that allows interoperability.

The cycle of innovation-from the generation of new scientific knowledge to the diffusion of the innovation-takes about the same length of time for digital products as for analogue products.

The main factor that determines the relative effectiveness of patents in protecting an innovator is: