Exam 20: Light Color and Atmospheric Optics

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Provide an explanation for why,in effect,each of us has a personal rainbow to enjoy,even if more than one person is standing next to one another when a rainbow appears.​

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The Sun radiates almost half of its energy as visible light.​

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Because of atmospheric refraction,a star seen near Earth's horizon is actually ____.

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A superior mirage occurs when the air near the ground is much warmer than the air above,and objects not only appear to be lower than they really are,but also inverted.

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When the Sun is 4° above the horizon,sunlight must pass through an atmosphere more than ____ times thicker than when the Sun is directly overhead.

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When might you be able to see a halo around your head,and what would cause this?

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At sunset in the middle latitudes,look for a rainbow toward the ____.

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Haze can scatter light from the rising or setting Sun in a way that produces bright light beams,called ____,radiating across the sky.

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The green flash is largely an example of the ____ of light by Earth's atmosphere.

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A ____ can only be seen when the Sun is to your back and it is raining in front of you.

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____________________ mirages occur when the air near the ground is much warmer than the air above,so objects not only appear to be lower than they really are,but also (often)inverted.​

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The phenomenon that can sometimes be seen near the upper rim of a setting or rising Sun is called ____.

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When the atmosphere becomes loaded with particles,only the ____ red wavelengths are able to penetrate the atmosphere,and we see a ____ Sun.

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The presence of a halo indicates that cirriform clouds are present.

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Twilight is the name given to the time ____,when the sky remains illuminated and allows outdoor activities without artificial lighting.

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Light that passes through a substance is said to be refracted.

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Why do stars "twinkle"?

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Why does the Sun usually appear white to the human eye? How do stars that are cooler,hotter,and about the same temperature compare to the Sun?

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As sunlight enters the atmosphere,the shorter visible wavelengths of violet,blue,and green are scattered more by atmospheric gases than are the longer wavelengths of yellow,orange,and especially red,which is why the sky appears blue.

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When an aircraft flies above a cloud layer composed of water droplets less than 50 µm in diameter,a set of colored rings,called the ____________________,may appear around the shadow of the aircraft.​

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