Question 1

Barium sulfate is used as a contrast agent to visualize soft tissue structures such as the stomach because it

Accepted Answer

A)  is very heavy 
B)  can be made very thick 
C)  is inexpensive 
D)  has a high atomic number 
A)  is very heavy 
B)  can be made very thick 
C)  is inexpensive 
D)  has a high atomic number

Question 2

Irradiation of water can create harmful free radicals that then indirectly damage molecules and cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The Compton scatter photon

Accepted Answer

A)  may exit the patient as part of the remnant radiation 
B)  does not have enough energy to produce further interactions 
C)  has enough energy to produce further interactions 
D)  may exit the patient as part of the remnant radiation and has enough energy to produce further interactions 
A)  may exit the patient as part of the remnant radiation 
B)  does not have enough energy to produce further interactions 
C)  has enough energy to produce further interactions 
D)  may exit the patient as part of the remnant radiation and has enough energy to produce further interactions

Question 4

With Compton scattering, the incident photon

Accepted Answer

A)  loses none of its energy 
B)  loses up to one third of its energy 
C)  loses up to one half of its energy 
D)  does not lose any energy 
A)  loses none of its energy 
B)  loses up to one third of its energy 
C)  loses up to one half of its energy 
D)  does not lose any energy

Question 5

The probability of a photoelectric interaction depends on the energy level of the incident x-ray photon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Without differential absorption, the image would be a single shade of gray.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Pair production occurs when the incident photon interacts with

Accepted Answer

A)  an inner-shell electron 
B)  an outer-shell electron 
C)  inner- and outer-shell electrons 
D)  the nucleus of the atom 
A)  an inner-shell electron 
B)  an outer-shell electron 
C)  inner- and outer-shell electrons 
D)  the nucleus of the atom

Question 8

To minimize occupational exposure, the technologist should

Accepted Answer

A)  never go in an x-ray room during a procedure 
B)  wear protective apparel (lead aprons, gloves, etc.) when in the room during imaging 
C)  stand close to the patient's head 
D)  wear protective apparel (lead aprons, gloves, etc.) when in the room during imaging and stand close to the patient's head 
A)  never go in an x-ray room during a procedure 
B)  wear protective apparel (lead aprons, gloves, etc.) when in the room during imaging 
C)  stand close to the patient's head 
D)  wear protective apparel (lead aprons, gloves, etc.) when in the room during imaging and stand close to the patient's head

Question 9

Classical interactions are also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  coherent scattering 
B)  Compton scattering 
C)  Thomson scattering 
D)  Thomson and coherent scattering 
A)  coherent scattering 
B)  Compton scattering 
C)  Thomson scattering 
D)  Thomson and coherent scattering

Question 10

The x-ray photon produced during classical scattering

Accepted Answer

A)  is lower energy than the incident photon 
B)  is higher energy than the incident photon 
C)  travels in a different direction than the incoming photon 
D)  travels in the same direction than the incoming photon 
A)  is lower energy than the incident photon 
B)  is higher energy than the incident photon 
C)  travels in a different direction than the incoming photon 
D)  travels in the same direction than the incoming photon

Question 11

Photoelectric interactions

Accepted Answer

A)  contribute significantly to patient dose 
B)  should be reduced as close to 0 events as possible 
C)  negatively affect radiographic image quality 
D)  all of these 
A)  contribute significantly to patient dose 
B)  should be reduced as close to 0 events as possible 
C)  negatively affect radiographic image quality 
D)  all of these

Question 12

The end product(s) of a photoelectric interaction is (are)

Accepted Answer

A)  a high-energy x-ray photon 
B)  a photoelectron 
C)  an ionized atom 
D)  a photoelectron and an ionized atom 
A)  a high-energy x-ray photon 
B)  a photoelectron 
C)  an ionized atom 
D)  a photoelectron and an ionized atom

Question 13

If a middle-shell electron is removed during a Compton interaction

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary photons are produced 
B)  a secondary electron is ejected 
C)  a Compton scatter photon is produced 
D)  all of these 
A)  secondary photons are produced 
B)  a secondary electron is ejected 
C)  a Compton scatter photon is produced 
D)  all of these

Question 14

Excessive absorption is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  using a mAs that is too low for the examination 
B)  using a kVp that is too low for the examination 
C)  using a kVp that is too high for the examination 
D)  all of these 
A)  using a mAs that is too low for the examination 
B)  using a kVp that is too low for the examination 
C)  using a kVp that is too high for the examination 
D)  all of these

Question 15

Pair production

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs very often during radiographic procedures 
B)  seldom occurs during radiographic procedures 
C)  never occurs during radiographic procedures 
D)  it depends on the procedure 
A)  occurs very often during radiographic procedures 
B)  seldom occurs during radiographic procedures 
C)  never occurs during radiographic procedures 
D)  it depends on the procedure

Question 16

Photodisintegration occurs when the incident photon interacts with

Accepted Answer

A)  an inner-shell electron 
B)  an outer-shell electron 
C)  inner- and outer-shell electrons 
D)  the nucleus of the atom 
A)  an inner-shell electron 
B)  an outer-shell electron 
C)  inner- and outer-shell electrons 
D)  the nucleus of the atom

Question 17

The effect of classical scatter interactions on image quality

Accepted Answer

A)  is significant 
B)  is minimal 
C)  is that quality is improved 
D)  is minimal, and that quality is improved 
A)  is significant 
B)  is minimal 
C)  is that quality is improved 
D)  is minimal, and that quality is improved

Question 18

The energy of the photoelectron is the least as a result of a photoelectric interaction in

Accepted Answer

A)  bone 
B)  soft tissue 
C)  fat 
D)  the energy level is the same for all 
A)  bone 
B)  soft tissue 
C)  fat 
D)  the energy level is the same for all

Question 19

Reducing the amount of Compton scattering

Accepted Answer

A)  is impossible 
B)  is extremely difficult to accomplish 
C)  is very important in producing quality images 
D)  all of these 
A)  is impossible 
B)  is extremely difficult to accomplish 
C)  is very important in producing quality images 
D)  all of these

Question 20

Pair production requires an x-ray photon with an energy of at least

Accepted Answer

A)  0.51 MeV 
B)  1.02 MeV 
C)  1.51 MeV 
D)  2.04 MeV 
A)  0.51 MeV 
B)  1.02 MeV 
C)  1.51 MeV 
D)  2.04 MeV

Barium sulfate is used as a contrast agent to visualize soft tissue structures such as the stomach because it

Irradiation of water can create harmful free radicals that then indirectly damage molecules and cells.

The Compton scatter photon

With Compton scattering, the incident photon

The probability of a photoelectric interaction depends on the energy level of the incident x-ray photon.

Without differential absorption, the image would be a single shade of gray.

Pair production occurs when the incident photon interacts with

To minimize occupational exposure, the technologist should

Classical interactions are also known as

The x-ray photon produced during classical scattering

Photoelectric interactions

The end product(s) of a photoelectric interaction is (are)

If a middle-shell electron is removed during a Compton interaction

Excessive absorption is the result of

Pair production

Photodisintegration occurs when the incident photon interacts with

The effect of classical scatter interactions on image quality

The energy of the photoelectron is the least as a result of a photoelectric interaction in

Reducing the amount of Compton scattering

Pair production requires an x-ray photon with an energy of at least

Introduction to the Imaging Sciences

Structure of the Atom

Electromagnetic and Particulate Radiation

The X-Ray Circuit

The X-Ray Tube

X-Ray Production

Image Production

Image Quality and Characteristics

Digital Image Receptors

Radiographic Exposure Technique

Scatter Control

Exposure Technique Selection

Film-Screen Imaging

Fluoroscopic Imaging

Additional Equipment

Computed Tomography

Filters

Exam 7: X-Ray Interactions With Matter

Barium sulfate is used as a contrast agent to visualize soft tissue structures such as the stomach because it

Irradiation of water can create harmful free radicals that then indirectly damage molecules and cells.

The Compton scatter photon

With Compton scattering, the incident photon

The probability of a photoelectric interaction depends on the energy level of the incident x-ray photon.

Without differential absorption, the image would be a single shade of gray.

Pair production occurs when the incident photon interacts with

To minimize occupational exposure, the technologist should

Classical interactions are also known as

The x-ray photon produced during classical scattering

Photoelectric interactions

The end product(s) of a photoelectric interaction is (are)

If a middle-shell electron is removed during a Compton interaction

Excessive absorption is the result of

Pair production

Photodisintegration occurs when the incident photon interacts with

The effect of classical scatter interactions on image quality

The energy of the photoelectron is the least as a result of a photoelectric interaction in

Reducing the amount of Compton scattering

Pair production requires an x-ray photon with an energy of at least

Introduction to the Imaging Sciences

Structure of the Atom

Electromagnetic and Particulate Radiation

The X-Ray Circuit

The X-Ray Tube

X-Ray Production

Image Production

Image Quality and Characteristics

Digital Image Receptors

Radiographic Exposure Technique

Scatter Control

Exposure Technique Selection

Film-Screen Imaging

Fluoroscopic Imaging

Additional Equipment

Computed Tomography

Filters