Exam 3: National Income: Where It Comes From and Where It Goes

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The production of an economy is explained by a function Y = 20 (L.5K.5), where L is labour and K is capital with L = 400 and K = 400. Does this economy support constant returns to scale?

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The reduction in investment brought about by the increase in the interest rate caused by increased government spending is called:

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Consumption depends _____ on disposable income, and investment depends _____ on the real interest rate.

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Private investment goods as measured in GDP are purchased by:

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In a neoclassical economy, assume that the government lowers both government spending and taxes by $100 billion. If the marginal propensity to consume is 0.6, investment will:

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All of the following actions increase government purchases of goods and services except the:

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According to the model developed in Chapter 3, when taxes decrease without a change in government spending:

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National saving is:

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According to Euler's theorem, if competitive firms pay each factor its marginal product and the production function has constant returns to scale, the sum of all factor payments will equal:

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Disposable personal income is defined as income after the payment of all:

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A competitive firm chooses the:

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Assume that a competitive economy can be described by a constant returns to scale (Cobb-Douglas) production function and all factors of production are fully employed. Holding other factors constant, including the quantity of capital and technology, carefully explain how a one-time, 10-percent increase in the quantity of labour (perhaps as a result of a special immigration policy) will change each of the following: ​ a.the level of output produced b.the real wage of labour c.the real rental price of capital d.labour's share of total income​​

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The assumption that the factor's supply is fixed will imply that the factor's

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If Y = AK0.5L0.5 and A, K, and L are all 100, the marginal product of capital is:

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The real rental price of capital is the price per unit of capital measured in:

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Assume that GDP (Y) is 5,000. Consumption (C) is given by the equation C = 1,000 + 0.3(Y - T). Investment (I) is given by the equation I = 1,500 - 50r, where r is the real interest rate, in percent. Taxes (T) are 1,000, and government spending (G) is 1,500. ​ a.What are the equilibrium values of C, I, and r? b.What are the values of private saving, public saving, and national saving? c.Now assume there is a technological innovation that makes business want to invest more. It raises the investment equation to I = 2,000 - 50r. What are the new equilibrium values of C, I, and r? d.What are the new values of private saving, public saving, and national saving?​​

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The government raises lump-sum taxes on income by $100 billion, and the neoclassical economy adjusts so that output does not change. If the marginal propensity to consume is 0.6, private saving:

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The demand for the economy's output:

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Exhibit: Saving, Investment, and the Interest Rate 1 Exhibit: Saving, Investment, and the Interest Rate 1   The economy begins in equilibrium at point E, representing the real interest rate r<sub>1</sub> at which saving S<sub>1</sub> equals desired investment I<sub>1</sub>. What will be the new equilibrium combination of real interest rate, saving, and investment if the government cuts taxes, holding other factors constant? The economy begins in equilibrium at point E, representing the real interest rate r1 at which saving S1 equals desired investment I1. What will be the new equilibrium combination of real interest rate, saving, and investment if the government cuts taxes, holding other factors constant?

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In a closed economy, the components of GDP are:

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