Exam 3: Perception and Learning

Which perceptual distortion stated in the textbook is a process in which people transfer their own thoughts, motivations, feelings, and desires to others?

Bethenny has set a goal for Luann to complete a complex project within 2 weeks. Luann feels nervous about her ability to achieve the goal within the allotted time frame, so she works harder in order to reduce her feelings of discomfort and to successfully complete the assignment on time. Luann is using which element of social cognitive theory to help her accomplish her goal?

The context or setting that affects the perception process is called ______.

Blacktop Inc. provides employees with a regular paycheck every 2 weeks, regardless of how production has been. This is an example of which type of intermittent reinforcement?

When using impression management, one might also use ______.

Alex was told that her athletes were lazy and negative, causing her to be less than excited about serving as their coach. By the end of the season, she agreed that it was the worst team she had ever coached. She also recognized that her behavior may have further contributed to their negative attitudes. This is an example of which of the following perceptual errors?

______ is the removal of previously experienced negative consequences, resulting in the likelihood that certain behaviors will occur again in the same or similar situations.

Focal objects are not always physical things. For example, they can also be behaviors of people.

The model that shows human functioning as shaped by three factors that are reciprocally related is called ______.

Which element below is a perceptual distortion in which we use the most recent information available to assess a person?

Ava has a cute little 7-year-old named Boyd. Boyd had a habit of being mean to his beloved cat, Dickie. Ava decided to remove Dickie from the room every time Boyd pulled his tail or did anything unpleasant to the cat. After a while, Boyd realized that in order to keep the cat in the room, he could not pull his tail or be unpleasant to Dickie. His behavior changed for the better. This is an example of ______.

When Noah does well at golf, he credits his focus and tenacity. When Noah scores poorly, he usually blames his caddy for poor advice. Noah is likely guilty of which of the following errors?

Blair, the owner of Nice Necessities, noticed that her employees would come to work early, leave late, and generally had a high level of commitment the first year of business. The second year, her employees were late more often than not and did not feel very committed to the store. Blair noticed that the demands of family life pulled her away from Nice Necessities in the second year. Blair realized that she had set the example for her employees and they were merely modeling her behavior. This exemplifies which theory?

Raylan, an employee of Snachtix is rewarded with high praise following high sales figures during periods of different length. This is an example of which of the intermittent reinforcement schedules?

What item below is the absence of any consequences, which reduces the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated in the same or similar situations?

Which theory proposed that we learn by observing, imitating, and modeling the behavior of others within our social context?

Our attempts to organize and sift huge amounts of everyday complex information can lead to inaccuracies and cloud our perceptions of different people, situations, and events.

Another word for stereotypes, which is when one has a particular feeling or attitude (often negative) toward members of a specific group, is called ______.

______, or the person, thing, or event being interpreted, also affects our perception.

Julian recognizes that her sales numbers are low for the month of June. When she asks around, she realizes that everyone has low numbers for the month. This is an example of a high degree of ______.