Question 1

How much of one's development is influenced by heredity and how much is influenced by experience is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A) nature-nurture controversy. 
B) continuity-discontinuity controversy. 
C) stability-change controversy. 
D) universal versus context-specific controversy. 
A) nature-nurture controversy. 
B) continuity-discontinuity controversy. 
C) stability-change controversy. 
D) universal versus context-specific controversy.

Question 2

Which variables are manipulated by the researcher(s) in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) dependent variables 
B) independent variables 
C) codependent variables 
D) confounding variables 
A) dependent variables 
B) independent variables 
C) codependent variables 
D) confounding variables

Question 3

A key premise of the life-span perspective is that

Accepted Answer

A) biological changes are the most important. 
B) events that happen in old age are more important than earlier experiences. 
C) social changes are the most important. 
D) aging is a lifelong process that begins at conception and ends at death. 
A) biological changes are the most important. 
B) events that happen in old age are more important than earlier experiences. 
C) social changes are the most important. 
D) aging is a lifelong process that begins at conception and ends at death.

Question 4

Which of the following is a nonnormative influence on behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) when one's first marriage occurs 
B) being a "baby boomer" 
C) having a child 
D) winning the lottery 
A) when one's first marriage occurs 
B) being a "baby boomer" 
C) having a child 
D) winning the lottery

Question 5

Age changes are studied most effectively using a ________ design.

Accepted Answer

A) cross-sectional 
B) longitudinal 
C) time-lag 
D) sequential 
A) cross-sectional 
B) longitudinal 
C) time-lag 
D) sequential

Question 6

Understanding the cultural and ethnic differences between African American and European American family structures falls under which controversy?

Accepted Answer

A) nature-nurture 
B) continuity-discontinuity 
C) stability-change 
D) universal versus context-specific 
A) nature-nurture 
B) continuity-discontinuity 
C) stability-change 
D) universal versus context-specific

Question 7

Structured observations differ from naturalistic observations in that they

Accepted Answer

A) use correlations to assess the strength and direction of a relationship. 
B) create a situation that is likely to elicit the behavior of choice. 
C) sample behaviors of interest in everyday situations. 
D) manipulate independent variables to see the effects on dependent variables. 
A) use correlations to assess the strength and direction of a relationship. 
B) create a situation that is likely to elicit the behavior of choice. 
C) sample behaviors of interest in everyday situations. 
D) manipulate independent variables to see the effects on dependent variables.

Question 8

What is the stability-change controversy? How does this relate to the continuity-discontinuity controversy?

Accepted Answer

One of the main issues in development is

Question 9

involves a rapid loss that occurs just before death.

Accepted Answer

A) Primary aging 
B) Secondary aging 
C) Tertiary aging 
D) Pathological aging 
A) Primary aging 
B) Secondary aging 
C) Tertiary aging 
D) Pathological aging

Question 10

A research design that seeks to determine the nature of the relationship between two variables, such as a healthy diet and the prevalence of health issues in old age, is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) self-report study. 
B) observational study. 
C) experiment. 
D) correlational study. 
A) self-report study. 
B) observational study. 
C) experiment. 
D) correlational study.

Question 11

The term used to refer to a group of people who experience the same event or were born during the same time period is

Accepted Answer

A) age effect. 
B) time-of-measurement effect. 
C) practice effect. 
D) cohort effect. 
A) age effect. 
B) time-of-measurement effect. 
C) practice effect. 
D) cohort effect.

Question 12

Being born in the year 2000 is a variable that could produce a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) age effect. 
B) time-of-measurement effect. 
C) practice effect. 
D) cohort effect. 
A) age effect. 
B) time-of-measurement effect. 
C) practice effect. 
D) cohort effect.

Question 13

As people age, the speed at which they react decreases.This phenomenon is cited in your textbook as an example of

Accepted Answer

A) continuity. 
B) universality. 
C) plasticity. 
D) a cohort effect. 
A) continuity. 
B) universality. 
C) plasticity. 
D) a cohort effect.

Question 14

Discrimination against older people, simply because they are older, is called _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discrimination against older people, simply because they...

Question 15

The degree to which a questionnaire measures what it is supposed to measure is an indication of its

Accepted Answer

A) representativeness. 
B) utility. 
C) validity. 
D) reliability. 
A) representativeness. 
B) utility. 
C) validity. 
D) reliability.

Question 16

The reason that most research on aging is not truly experimental is because

Accepted Answer

A) age cannot be measured accurately in most people. 
B) most statistical techniques are not able to use age as a variable. 
C) age cannot be manipulated, so it cannot be an independent variable. 
D) it is hard to get large enough samples to represent different age groups. 
A) age cannot be measured accurately in most people. 
B) most statistical techniques are not able to use age as a variable. 
C) age cannot be manipulated, so it cannot be an independent variable. 
D) it is hard to get large enough samples to represent different age groups.

Question 17

Normative age-graded influences are events that

Accepted Answer

A) are unique to each person. 
B) occur at a specific age for each person. 
C) generally occur around the same age for most people. 
D) rarely occur to any individual. 
A) are unique to each person. 
B) occur at a specific age for each person. 
C) generally occur around the same age for most people. 
D) rarely occur to any individual.

Question 18

If a study concludes that increases in aerobic exercise are correlated with increases in brain functioning in older adults, what can we assume to be true?

Accepted Answer

A) The increased exercise caused an increase in brain functioning. 
B) The two variables are unrelated. 
C) The variables are positively related or correlated. 
D) The two variables are inversely or negatively correlated. 
A) The increased exercise caused an increase in brain functioning. 
B) The two variables are unrelated. 
C) The variables are positively related or correlated. 
D) The two variables are inversely or negatively correlated.

Question 19

Which of the following cannot be an independent variable?

Accepted Answer

A) drug dosage 
B) use of memory aids 
C) amount of sleep 
D) age 
A) drug dosage 
B) use of memory aids 
C) amount of sleep 
D) age

Question 20

Which of the following is not a characteristic of cross-sectional research?

Accepted Answer

A) multiple age groups 
B) multiple cohorts 
C) repeated observations 
D) single time-of-measurement 
A) multiple age groups 
B) multiple cohorts 
C) repeated observations 
D) single time-of-measurement

How much of one's development is influenced by heredity and how much is influenced by experience is referred to as the

Which variables are manipulated by the researcher(s) in an experiment?

A key premise of the life-span perspective is that

Which of the following is a nonnormative influence on behavior?

Age changes are studied most effectively using a ________ design.

Understanding the cultural and ethnic differences between African American and European American family structures falls under which controversy?

Structured observations differ from naturalistic observations in that they

What is the stability-change controversy? How does this relate to the continuity-discontinuity controversy?

involves a rapid loss that occurs just before death.

A research design that seeks to determine the nature of the relationship between two variables, such as a healthy diet and the prevalence of health issues in old age, is called a(n)

The term used to refer to a group of people who experience the same event or were born during the same time period is

Being born in the year 2000 is a variable that could produce a(n)

As people age, the speed at which they react decreases.This phenomenon is cited in your textbook as an example of

Discrimination against older people, simply because they are older, is called _______________.

The degree to which a questionnaire measures what it is supposed to measure is an indication of its

The reason that most research on aging is not truly experimental is because

Normative age-graded influences are events that

If a study concludes that increases in aerobic exercise are correlated with increases in brain functioning in older adults, what can we assume to be true?

Which of the following cannot be an independent variable?

Which of the following is not a characteristic of cross-sectional research?

Neuroscience As a Basis for Adult Development

Physical Changes

Longevity, Health, and Functioning

Where People Live: Person-Environment Interactions

Attention and Memory

Intelligence

Social Cognition

Personality

Clinical Assessment, Mental Health, and Mental Disorders

Relationships

Work, Leisure, and Retirement

Dying and Bereavement

Successful Aging

Filters

Exam 1: Studying Adult Development and Aging

How much of one's development is influenced by heredity and how much is influenced by experience is referred to as the

Which variables are manipulated by the researcher(s) in an experiment?

A key premise of the life-span perspective is that

Which of the following is a nonnormative influence on behavior?

Age changes are studied most effectively using a ________ design.

Understanding the cultural and ethnic differences between African American and European American family structures falls under which controversy?

Structured observations differ from naturalistic observations in that they

What is the stability-change controversy? How does this relate to the continuity-discontinuity controversy?

involves a rapid loss that occurs just before death.

A research design that seeks to determine the nature of the relationship between two variables, such as a healthy diet and the prevalence of health issues in old age, is called a(n)

The term used to refer to a group of people who experience the same event or were born during the same time period is

Being born in the year 2000 is a variable that could produce a(n)

As people age, the speed at which they react decreases.This phenomenon is cited in your textbook as an example of

Discrimination against older people, simply because they are older, is called _______________.

The degree to which a questionnaire measures what it is supposed to measure is an indication of its

The reason that most research on aging is not truly experimental is because

Normative age-graded influences are events that

If a study concludes that increases in aerobic exercise are correlated with increases in brain functioning in older adults, what can we assume to be true?

Which of the following cannot be an independent variable?

Which of the following is not a characteristic of cross-sectional research?

Neuroscience As a Basis for Adult Development

Physical Changes

Longevity, Health, and Functioning

Where People Live: Person-Environment Interactions

Attention and Memory

Intelligence

Social Cognition

Personality

Clinical Assessment, Mental Health, and Mental Disorders

Relationships

Work, Leisure, and Retirement

Dying and Bereavement

Successful Aging

Filters