Question 1

Which of the following is the primary source of self-control?

Accepted Answer

A) Schools 
B) Social institutions 
C) Good parenting 
D) All of the above 
A) Schools 
B) Social institutions 
C) Good parenting 
D) All of the above C

Question 2

The focus of shaming includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) The negative action 
B) The needs of the victim and community 
C) The needs of the offender 
D) A shared response to make things better 
A) The negative action 
B) The needs of the victim and community 
C) The needs of the offender 
D) A shared response to make things better A

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a mode of adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A) Innovation 
B) Retrospectivism 
C) Retreatism 
D) Rebellion 
A) Innovation 
B) Retrospectivism 
C) Retreatism 
D) Rebellion B

Question 4

Vertical integration is the ability to garner the public support necessary for effective delinquency control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following holds that there are factors that promote conformity as well as forces promoting deviance?

Accepted Answer

A) Containment Theory 
B) Hirschi's Control Theory 
C) Self-Control Theory 
D) None of the above 
A) Containment Theory 
B) Hirschi's Control Theory 
C) Self-Control Theory 
D) None of the above

Question 6

Differential reinforcement utilizes operant conditioning to explain learned behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of Hirschi's Control Theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Does not adequately address why individuals are deviant 
B) Cannot explain how to avoid a bond's weakening or how to repair a bond 
C) Cannot explain the fact that many youths drift between delinquency and conformity 
D) Assumes all bonding is to conventional, non-deviant lifestyles 
A) Does not adequately address why individuals are deviant 
B) Cannot explain how to avoid a bond's weakening or how to repair a bond 
C) Cannot explain the fact that many youths drift between delinquency and conformity 
D) Assumes all bonding is to conventional, non-deviant lifestyles

Question 8

When one set of cultural or subcultural practices necessitates violating the norms of a coexisting culture it is termed co-cultural conflict.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The attribution of results based on group data to individuals is called:

Accepted Answer

A) Economic fallacy 
B) Individualistic fallacy 
C) Collective bias 
D) Ecological fallacy 
A) Economic fallacy 
B) Individualistic fallacy 
C) Collective bias 
D) Ecological fallacy

Question 10

Social bond is developed in early childhood and consists of all the following elements EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) Attachment 
B) Commitment 
C) Inspiration 
D) Belief 
A) Attachment 
B) Commitment 
C) Inspiration 
D) Belief

Question 11

If reasoning is circular, it is termed:

Accepted Answer

A) Solipsistic 
B) Redundant 
C) Tautological 
D) Superfluous 
A) Solipsistic 
B) Redundant 
C) Tautological 
D) Superfluous

Question 12

Once self-control is internalized, it serves to modify an individual's behavior throughout childhood and adolescence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Unlike biological and sociological theories, psychological theories are empirically testable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Strain Theory posits that the removal of valued stimuli or the presentation of negative stimuli can lead to strain and, perhaps, deviance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Modes of adaptation are ways an individual may respond to the strain between goals and means.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Drift is the concept that individuals are pushed and pulled toward different modes of activity at different times in their lives.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Differential association theorizes that criminal behavior is learned when an individual encounters an excess of definitions favoring deviant definitions over those that conform to the law.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following proposes that an individual can learn from a variety of sources, both social and nonsocial, and that the differing levels of desirable outcomes received will help shape future behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) Differential association 
B) Differential identification 
C) Differential reinforcement 
D) None of the above 
A) Differential association 
B) Differential identification 
C) Differential reinforcement 
D) None of the above

Question 19

When the act ceases to be bad and the actor is labeled and owns the label of being bad it is termed transfer of evil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is a criticism of rational choice theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Unable to explain impulsive acts and actions in clearly high-risk settings 
B) Important decision-making factors can vary greatly based on the situation 
C) Poses a juvenile justice conundrum in that youths are assumed not to have the capacity to make truly informed decisions and yet the theory claims they make rational choices 
D) All of the above 
A) Unable to explain impulsive acts and actions in clearly high-risk settings 
B) Important decision-making factors can vary greatly based on the situation 
C) Poses a juvenile justice conundrum in that youths are assumed not to have the capacity to make truly informed decisions and yet the theory claims they make rational choices 
D) All of the above

Which of the following is the primary source of self-control?

The focus of shaming includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following is NOT a mode of adaptation?

Vertical integration is the ability to garner the public support necessary for effective delinquency control.

Which of the following holds that there are factors that promote conformity as well as forces promoting deviance?

Differential reinforcement utilizes operant conditioning to explain learned behavior.

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of Hirschi's Control Theory?

When one set of cultural or subcultural practices necessitates violating the norms of a coexisting culture it is termed co-cultural conflict.

The attribution of results based on group data to individuals is called:

Social bond is developed in early childhood and consists of all the following elements EXCEPT:

If reasoning is circular, it is termed:

Once self-control is internalized, it serves to modify an individual's behavior throughout childhood and adolescence.

Unlike biological and sociological theories, psychological theories are empirically testable.

Strain Theory posits that the removal of valued stimuli or the presentation of negative stimuli can lead to strain and, perhaps, deviance.

Modes of adaptation are ways an individual may respond to the strain between goals and means.

Drift is the concept that individuals are pushed and pulled toward different modes of activity at different times in their lives.

Differential association theorizes that criminal behavior is learned when an individual encounters an excess of definitions favoring deviant definitions over those that conform to the law.

Which of the following proposes that an individual can learn from a variety of sources, both social and nonsocial, and that the differing levels of desirable outcomes received will help shape future behavior?

When the act ceases to be bad and the actor is labeled and owns the label of being bad it is termed transfer of evil.

Which of the following is a criticism of rational choice theory?

Introduction: the Definition and Extent of Delinquency

The History of Juvenile Justice

Explaining Delinquency: Biological and Psychological Approaches

Gang Delinquency

Drugs and Delinquency

Policing and Juveniles

The Juvenile Court Process

Due Process and Juveniles

Institutionalresidential Interventions

Juvenile Probation and Community Corrections

Prevention in Juvenile Justice

The Victimization of Juveniles

Future Directions in Juvenile Justice

Filters

Exam 4: Sociological Explanations of Delinquency

Which of the following is the primary source of self-control?

The focus of shaming includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following is NOT a mode of adaptation?

Vertical integration is the ability to garner the public support necessary for effective delinquency control.

Which of the following holds that there are factors that promote conformity as well as forces promoting deviance?

Differential reinforcement utilizes operant conditioning to explain learned behavior.

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of Hirschi's Control Theory?

When one set of cultural or subcultural practices necessitates violating the norms of a coexisting culture it is termed co-cultural conflict.

The attribution of results based on group data to individuals is called:

Social bond is developed in early childhood and consists of all the following elements EXCEPT:

If reasoning is circular, it is termed:

Once self-control is internalized, it serves to modify an individual's behavior throughout childhood and adolescence.

Unlike biological and sociological theories, psychological theories are empirically testable.

Strain Theory posits that the removal of valued stimuli or the presentation of negative stimuli can lead to strain and, perhaps, deviance.

Modes of adaptation are ways an individual may respond to the strain between goals and means.

Drift is the concept that individuals are pushed and pulled toward different modes of activity at different times in their lives.

Differential association theorizes that criminal behavior is learned when an individual encounters an excess of definitions favoring deviant definitions over those that conform to the law.

Which of the following proposes that an individual can learn from a variety of sources, both social and nonsocial, and that the differing levels of desirable outcomes received will help shape future behavior?

When the act ceases to be bad and the actor is labeled and owns the label of being bad it is termed transfer of evil.

Which of the following is a criticism of rational choice theory?

Introduction: the Definition and Extent of Delinquency

The History of Juvenile Justice

Explaining Delinquency: Biological and Psychological Approaches

Gang Delinquency

Drugs and Delinquency

Policing and Juveniles

The Juvenile Court Process

Due Process and Juveniles

Institutionalresidential Interventions

Juvenile Probation and Community Corrections

Prevention in Juvenile Justice

The Victimization of Juveniles

Future Directions in Juvenile Justice

Filters