Exam 1: Union-Management Relationships in Perspective

Union membership in the United States has shown a steady decline as a proportion of the total labor force (i.e.,comprising all employed persons 16 years of age or older).

The product market:

When the North American Free Trade Act (NAFTA)was passed,it:

Management purchases of automated equipment:

"Employees" need to be viewed as a separate category of participants since they can have loyalties to both the employer and union organizations.

The labor relations process consists of _______ basic phase(s).

One union estimate found that management consultants hired to counter a union organizing campaign were:

Work rules,while complex in nature,have a common dimension since the all pertain to compensation for work performed.

Technology is an external variable that influences the development of work rules.Which of the following represent a dimension of technology?

Which of the following "state of the economy" factors is likely to occur?

Regarding the management organization,labor relations managers and representatives are often found at the corporate,divisional,and plant levels.

Significant employee pension and health care benefit gains under union contracts are now referred to as "high legacy costs" by unionized employers.

"Technology" includes:

Union officials seek to enhance public opinion by:

The "labor relations process" occurs when:

Work rules:

Many of today's fastest growing occupations are on opposite ends of the level of education and skills required for effective job performance.

Work rules in organizations where employees are unrepresented (no union)are typically not determined unilaterally by management.

Mediators have binding legal authority to require the parties to settle an interest dispute,but they often first restrict themselves to offering advice to help each party to clarify their own priorities and assessment of costs or risks associated with failing to reach a voluntary agreement.

The "focal point" of labor relations represents: