Exam 4: Searches

In Wyoming v.Houghton, the court ruled that an officer may search the belongings of an automobile passenger simply because the officer suspects the driver has done something wrong.

The common denominator of all search patterns is that they are designed to systematically locate any evidence at a crime scene or any other area where evidence might be found.

In Nix v.Williams, the Court said that if illegally obtained evidence (a statement, in this case, which led to a little girl's body) would, in all likelihood, eventually have been discovered, legally it may be used.This is referred to as what exception to the exclusionary rule?

In which 1984 case did the Supreme Court define a search as "a governmental infringement of a legitimate expectation of privacy"?

Describe the "fruit­of­the­poisonous­tree" doctrine.

A lane search, or partitioning the area into lanes:

In Georgia v.Randolph (2006), the Supreme Court said, "If any party who is present and has authority to object to the search does object to the search, the police may not conduct the search on the authority of that party who gave consent."

Plain-view evidence is admissible in court if the officer is engaged in lawful activity.

Describe the "plain feel/touch" exception to the exclusionary rule.

Terry v.Ohio supported officers' right to:

When police take custody of a vehicle, the courts have upheld their right to inventory the vehicle to protect the owner's property.

Property owners can consent to police entry or search even though a tenant has lawful right of possession of the premises.

What are the limits on a "dog­sniff" search for narcotics at a traffic stop?

There are some instances in which evidence may not exist at the crime scene.

Which test is a way to determine if probable cause exists today?

A search warrant can be issued to search for and seize property that indicates a crime has been committed.

The search of a vehicle does not require probable cause because vehicles are mobile.

During a stop of a moving vehicle, officers may search the vehicle and any closed containers in it without probable cause or consent.

Under the consent once removed exception, officers cannot make a warrantless entry to arrest a suspect if consent to enter was given earlier to an undercover officer or informant.

The Fourth Amendment to the U.S.Constitution forbids what type of searches and seizures?