Exam 5: Inchoate Offenses

In general, the "actus reus" of the crime of conspiracy is _____________.

Conspiracy is now defined by statute in __________ jurisdictions.

In some states, statutes specifically provide for a defense of withdrawal from and renunciation of a(n)_________________.

The actus reus of conspiracy is an unlawful _____________ between at least two persons to commit a crime.

The essence of the offense of ____________ is the mutual agreement of at least two persons to commit a crime and such agreement is usually inferred from their acts and the surrounding circumstances.

To prevent a person from being punished simply based on intent, laws defining criminal attempt often require an overt act that constitutes a substantial step toward the commission of an offense.

Based on these facts, Johansen is guilty of the offense of:

Legally, there can be no attempt to commit a crime which, by definition, embraces an attempt.

In some states, statutes specifically provide for a defense of withdrawal from and renunciation of ______________.

The Model Penal Code provides that the accused's complete and voluntary ________ of his criminal purpose is a defense to a charge of solicitation.

While the crime of solicitation merely requires an enticement, the offense of __________ entails an agreement.

In Callanan v.United States (1961), Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter observed that "the danger which a(n) ________ generates is not confined to the substantive offense which is the immediate aim of the enterprise."

Courts differ on whether ___________ is more heinous than attempt.

Inchoate offenses are designed ______________________________ .

The most likely legal question in this case is:

____________ holds that two people cannot conspire to commit a crime such as adultery, incest, or bigamy because these offenses require at least two participants.

A defendant cannot be found guilty of attempt if _______.

When it comes to proving criminal intent in a prosecution for an attempted crime, most courts require the prosecutor to prove at least the level of intent required for the target crime.

In some states, a defense to a charge of ___________ is if the defendant can prove that he or she prevented completion of the target crime under circumstances manifesting a complete and voluntary renunciation of his or her criminal purpose.

In the absence of a requirement of an ________________, a conspiracy statute potentially infringes the First Amendment freedoms.