Question 1

The Texas death row inmate study relied on the clinical evaluation method of prediction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Findings from Wolfgang's landmark Delinquency in a Birth Cohort study contributed to a shift in crime control policy from specific to general incapacitation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following factors were NOT used in Rand's seven-point prediction scale?

Accepted Answer

A)  incarceration 
B)  Drug use 
C)  employment 
D)  race 
A)  incarceration 
B)  Drug use 
C)  employment 
D)  race

Question 4

One of the differences noted between the various cohort studies is that

Accepted Answer

A)  some rely on official records while others use self-report data 
B)  some focus on violent offending while others focus on property offenses 
C)  some emphasize the onset of criminal careers and others emphasize desistance from them 
D)  some find chronic offending rates low as 5.8% and others as high as 9.5% in a cohort 
A)  some rely on official records while others use self-report data 
B)  some focus on violent offending while others focus on property offenses 
C)  some emphasize the onset of criminal careers and others emphasize desistance from them 
D)  some find chronic offending rates low as 5.8% and others as high as 9.5% in a cohort

Question 5

Traditionally, identification of repeat offenders was based on

Accepted Answer

A)  guesses that took seriousness and prior record into consideration 
B)  finger prints and intensive surveillance 
C)  prediction instruments based on characteristics of at-risk kids 
D)  amount of time spent in jails in prisons 
A)  guesses that took seriousness and prior record into consideration 
B)  finger prints and intensive surveillance 
C)  prediction instruments based on characteristics of at-risk kids 
D)  amount of time spent in jails in prisons

Question 6

Identifying and selectively incapacitating chronic offenders was difficult before the evidence-based policy movement but has since become much easier.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Select the most accurate statement regarding correct and incorrect predictions

Accepted Answer

A)  true positives are correctly identified as likely to commit a violent act 
B)  false negatives are incorrectly predicted not to be violent 
C)  false positives are incorrectly predicted as likely to become violent 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  true positives are correctly identified as likely to commit a violent act 
B)  false negatives are incorrectly predicted not to be violent 
C)  false positives are incorrectly predicted as likely to become violent 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 8

The prediction method that plays a role in the federal sentencing guidelines is

Accepted Answer

A)  actuarial 
B)  prior history 
C)  clinical evaluation 
D)  all of the above 
A)  actuarial 
B)  prior history 
C)  clinical evaluation 
D)  all of the above

Question 9

Policies inspired by the career criminal research include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  random police patrols, career criminal prosecution and job corps 
B)  pretrial detention, selective incapacitation and intensive probation 
C)  diversion, pretrial detention and electronic monitoring 
D)  community policing, speedy trials and restitution 
A)  random police patrols, career criminal prosecution and job corps 
B)  pretrial detention, selective incapacitation and intensive probation 
C)  diversion, pretrial detention and electronic monitoring 
D)  community policing, speedy trials and restitution

Question 10

Select the most accurate statement from the following list.

Accepted Answer

A)  criminal careers and career criminals are the same thing 
B)  the prevalence of criminality refers to the rate at which criminals commit crimes 
C)  persistence refers to the tendency for offenders to specialize in one type of crime 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  criminal careers and career criminals are the same thing 
B)  the prevalence of criminality refers to the rate at which criminals commit crimes 
C)  persistence refers to the tendency for offenders to specialize in one type of crime 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 11

According to the text, the two serious problems involved in translating chronic offender research into policy include

Accepted Answer

A)  identifying the chronic offenders and when they begin their careers 
B)  the conflict between preventing chronic offending versus punishing it 
C)  determining what kinds of crime they commit and why they stop 
D)  the prediction problem and estimating how much crime they commit 
A)  identifying the chronic offenders and when they begin their careers 
B)  the conflict between preventing chronic offending versus punishing it 
C)  determining what kinds of crime they commit and why they stop 
D)  the prediction problem and estimating how much crime they commit

Question 12

Wolfgang's birth cohort study was published at a time when crime rates were slowly beginning to increase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

One of the implications regarding Wolfgang's use of officially recorded police contacts as the measure of delinquency noted in the chapter was that

Accepted Answer

A)  this data did not capture property or violent crimes committed on school grounds 
B)  the racial bias of police in Philadelphia resulted in arrest records for more minorities than Caucasian boys in the cohort 
C)  the prevalence of offending was likely higher since the data did not capture crimes unknown to police 
D)  all of the above 
A)  this data did not capture property or violent crimes committed on school grounds 
B)  the racial bias of police in Philadelphia resulted in arrest records for more minorities than Caucasian boys in the cohort 
C)  the prevalence of offending was likely higher since the data did not capture crimes unknown to police 
D)  all of the above

Question 14

The results of Rand's second study that attempted to predict career criminals showed

Accepted Answer

A)  that self-reporting is a valid predictive method 
B)  that arrest rates alone cannot predict high rate offenders 
C)  that self-reporting is effective only among offenders who have graduated high school 
D)  that arrest rates are a useful prediction tool 
A)  that self-reporting is a valid predictive method 
B)  that arrest rates alone cannot predict high rate offenders 
C)  that self-reporting is effective only among offenders who have graduated high school 
D)  that arrest rates are a useful prediction tool

Question 15

The prediction instrument used in the Wenk study used which of the prediction methods?

Accepted Answer

A)  actuarial and clinical evaluation 
B)  actuarial and prior history 
C)  prior history and clinical evaluation 
D)  actuarial, prior history and clinical evaluation 
A)  actuarial and clinical evaluation 
B)  actuarial and prior history 
C)  prior history and clinical evaluation 
D)  actuarial, prior history and clinical evaluation

Question 16

Evaluations of the seven-point prediction scale generated by Rand found that

Accepted Answer

A)  it was correct 51% of the time but grossly wrong 7% of the time 
B)  it produced twice as many correct predictions as judges were able to do 
C)  it was able to predict chronic offending in juveniles more accurately than in adults 
D)  it was highly racist which prevented an accurate evaluation of its effectiveness 
A)  it was correct 51% of the time but grossly wrong 7% of the time 
B)  it produced twice as many correct predictions as judges were able to do 
C)  it was able to predict chronic offending in juveniles more accurately than in adults 
D)  it was highly racist which prevented an accurate evaluation of its effectiveness

Question 17

Wolfgang's birth cohort research found what percent of the original cohort had at least one officially recorded contact with the police?

Accepted Answer

A)  6% 
B)  16% 
C)  35% 
D)  95% 
A)  6% 
B)  16% 
C)  35% 
D)  95%

Question 18

There are several basic methods for predicting criminal behavior including which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the actuarial method which is similar to presentence investigations 
B)  the prior history method that sentencing guidelines are based on 
C)  the clinical evaluation method which insurance companies use 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  the actuarial method which is similar to presentence investigations 
B)  the prior history method that sentencing guidelines are based on 
C)  the clinical evaluation method which insurance companies use 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above

Question 19

Wolfgang labeled members of the cohort

Accepted Answer

A)  delinquents and recidivists 
B)  low, medium, and high-rate offenders 
C)  nonoffenders, part-time offenders, and repeaters 
D)  one-time offenders, nonchronic recidivists, and chronic delinquents 
A)  delinquents and recidivists 
B)  low, medium, and high-rate offenders 
C)  nonoffenders, part-time offenders, and repeaters 
D)  one-time offenders, nonchronic recidivists, and chronic delinquents

The Texas death row inmate study relied on the clinical evaluation method of prediction.

Findings from Wolfgang's landmark Delinquency in a Birth Cohort study contributed to a shift in crime control policy from specific to general incapacitation.

Which of the following factors were NOT used in Rand's seven-point prediction scale?

One of the differences noted between the various cohort studies is that

Traditionally, identification of repeat offenders was based on

Identifying and selectively incapacitating chronic offenders was difficult before the evidence-based policy movement but has since become much easier.

Select the most accurate statement regarding correct and incorrect predictions

The prediction method that plays a role in the federal sentencing guidelines is

Policies inspired by the career criminal research include which of the following?

Select the most accurate statement from the following list.

According to the text, the two serious problems involved in translating chronic offender research into policy include

Wolfgang's birth cohort study was published at a time when crime rates were slowly beginning to increase.

One of the implications regarding Wolfgang's use of officially recorded police contacts as the measure of delinquency noted in the chapter was that

The results of Rand's second study that attempted to predict career criminals showed

The prediction instrument used in the Wenk study used which of the prediction methods?

Evaluations of the seven-point prediction scale generated by Rand found that

Wolfgang's birth cohort research found what percent of the original cohort had at least one officially recorded contact with the police?

There are several basic methods for predicting criminal behavior including which of the following?

Wolfgang labeled members of the cohort

Crime and Policy: a Complex Problem

Models of Criminal Justice

The Going Rate

Unleash the Cops

Deter the Criminals

Lock Em up

Close the Loopholes

Protect Crime Victims

Control Gun Crimes

Treat Em

The Basis of an Orderly Society

Sense and Nonsense About Drugs and Crime

Crime and Community: Putting It All Together

Filters

Exam 4: The Prediction Problem

The Texas death row inmate study relied on the clinical evaluation method of prediction.

Findings from Wolfgang's landmark Delinquency in a Birth Cohort study contributed to a shift in crime control policy from specific to general incapacitation.

Which of the following factors were NOT used in Rand's seven-point prediction scale?

One of the differences noted between the various cohort studies is that

Traditionally, identification of repeat offenders was based on

Identifying and selectively incapacitating chronic offenders was difficult before the evidence-based policy movement but has since become much easier.

Select the most accurate statement regarding correct and incorrect predictions

The prediction method that plays a role in the federal sentencing guidelines is

Policies inspired by the career criminal research include which of the following?

Select the most accurate statement from the following list.

According to the text, the two serious problems involved in translating chronic offender research into policy include

Wolfgang's birth cohort study was published at a time when crime rates were slowly beginning to increase.

One of the implications regarding Wolfgang's use of officially recorded police contacts as the measure of delinquency noted in the chapter was that

The results of Rand's second study that attempted to predict career criminals showed

The prediction instrument used in the Wenk study used which of the prediction methods?

Evaluations of the seven-point prediction scale generated by Rand found that

Wolfgang's birth cohort research found what percent of the original cohort had at least one officially recorded contact with the police?

There are several basic methods for predicting criminal behavior including which of the following?

Wolfgang labeled members of the cohort

Crime and Policy: a Complex Problem

Models of Criminal Justice

The Going Rate

Unleash the Cops

Deter the Criminals

Lock Em up

Close the Loopholes

Protect Crime Victims

Control Gun Crimes

Treat Em

The Basis of an Orderly Society

Sense and Nonsense About Drugs and Crime

Crime and Community: Putting It All Together

Filters