Exam 6: Probability

An event consisting of exactly one outcome is called a simple event.

In a few sentences, define the following terms: a)Sample space b)Disjoint events

For each problem below, sketch a standard Venn diagram with 3 circles and shade the regions that correspond to the following events: a)An American vehicle less than 5 years old is selected. b)A staff member's vehicle is selected. c)An American made staff member's vehicle at least 5 years old is selected.

Two events are said to be disjoint or mutually exclusive when they have no outcomes in common.

The probability of an event E can always be computed using the formula,

A statistics class conducts a chance experiment in which they observe students who buy a snack and the school vending machines.The type of food (Liquid, or Solid)is noted, as well as the number of calories of fat content (25, 50, or 75). a)Display the possible outcomes using a tree diagram. b)Let L be the event that the item is liquid and B be the event that the item has fewer than 75 calories of fat. i)What outcomes are in ? ii)What outcomes are in ? iii)What outcomes are in ?

Some limitations of the classical approach to probability were discussed in the text. Identify and briefly discuss one of these.

The classical view of probability is based on the Law of Large Numbers.

B

The event "A or B" consists of all of the outcomes in both of the events.

Any collection of possible outcomes of a chance experiment is called a sample space.

Two events are independent if they cannot occur simultaneously.

A chance experiment is any activity or situation in which there is uncertainty concerning which of two or more possible outcomes will result.

F

In order to ensure the safety of school classrooms the local Fire Marshall does an inspection at Thomas Jefferson High School every month, looking for faulty wiring, overloaded circuits, etc.At TJHS the new Academic Wing has 5 math rooms, 10 science rooms, and 10 English rooms.The science rooms are divided into 8 biology and 2 chemistry rooms.Each month, the Fire Marshall randomly picks one of the rooms in the new wing to inspect each month.Define the following events: S = the event the selected room is a science room B = the event the selected room is a biology room M = the event the selected room is a math room E = the event the selected room is an English room C= the event the selected room is a chemistry room Calculate the probabilities of the events described below: a)P(S) b)P(M or E ) c)P(E or B) d)P(S and not C)