Exam 7: Animal Growth and Development

During transcription, ____________________.

Which of the following types of cells might have the longest/slowest cell cycle?

Caenorhabditis elegans is a nematode with an adult body length of approximately 1 mm. It is a free-living organism that lives in temperate soil environments. It has played a major role as a model organism for research into molecular and developmental biology. This nematode lives for about 2-3 weeks and passes through four juvenile stages before reaching sexual maturity. It has six chromosomes and a transparent body that facilitates the study of cell differentiation and development. C. elegans has been used extensively in the study of aging. In these studies, scientists have discovered a gene called daf-2, which plays a significant role in controlling the aging process and longevity. In fertile nematodes where there is a mutation in the daf-2 gene, animals lived for almost twice as long as animals with the normal gene. The daf-2 gene produces molecules that play an important role in cell signaling pathways associated with growth and aging of individual cells. Reducing the activity of these molecules extends the life span of the whole animal. A cell-signaling molecule that is fat-soluble __________.

All of the following occur in both DNA and RNA EXCEPT

The following is a portion of a DNA strand: TACGATTAA. Which of the following strands represents a mutation in this DNA that would lead to the production of a different protein?

A __________ is a chemical messenger that binds to receptors on a cell and brings about metabolic, physiological, or behavioral responses in the organism.

Caenorhabditis elegans is a nematode with an adult body length of approximately 1 mm. It is a free-living organism that lives in temperate soil environments. It has played a major role as a model organism for research into molecular and developmental biology. This nematode lives for about 2-3 weeks and passes through four juvenile stages before reaching sexual maturity. It has six chromosomes and a transparent body that facilitates the study of cell differentiation and development. C. elegans has been used extensively in the study of aging. In these studies, scientists have discovered a gene called daf-2, which plays a significant role in controlling the aging process and longevity. In fertile nematodes where there is a mutation in the daf-2 gene, animals lived for almost twice as long as animals with the normal gene. The daf-2 gene produces molecules that play an important role in cell signaling pathways associated with growth and aging of individual cells. Reducing the activity of these molecules extends the life span of the whole animal. The molecule produced by the daf-2 gene is likely a(n) __________.

Caenorhabditis elegans is a nematode with an adult body length of approximately 1 mm. It is a free-living organism that lives in temperate soil environments. It has played a major role as a model organism for research into molecular and developmental biology. This nematode lives for about 2-3 weeks and passes through four juvenile stages before reaching sexual maturity. It has six chromosomes and a transparent body that facilitates the study of cell differentiation and development. C. elegans has been used extensively in the study of aging. In these studies, scientists have discovered a gene called daf-2, which plays a significant role in controlling the aging process and longevity. In fertile nematodes where there is a mutation in the daf-2 gene, animals lived for almost twice as long as animals with the normal gene. The daf-2 gene produces molecules that play an important role in cell signaling pathways associated with growth and aging of individual cells. Reducing the activity of these molecules extends the life span of the whole animal. During which stage of the cell cycle are chromosomes duplicated?

Tom recently started going to the gym, where he has taken up weight lifting. Increases in his muscle mass are due to __________.

Many tomato plants continue to grow throughout the summer growing season. This is an example of __________.

A developing embryo has a deformity in the development of its muscles. What germ layer might have carried a mutation that led to this deformity?

How many checkpoints occur during interphase prior to a cell entering mitosis?

Portuguese water dogs have evolved to spend a lot of time in water and thus have webbed feet. What process does not occur in these dogs but does occur in other dogs that do not have webbed feet?

Caenorhabditis elegans is a nematode with an adult body length of approximately 1 mm. It is a free-living organism that lives in temperate soil environments. It has played a major role as a model organism for research into molecular and developmental biology. This nematode lives for about 2-3 weeks and passes through four juvenile stages before reaching sexual maturity. It has six chromosomes and a transparent body that facilitates the study of cell differentiation and development. C. elegans has been used extensively in the study of aging. In these studies, scientists have discovered a gene called daf-2, which plays a significant role in controlling the aging process and longevity. In fertile nematodes where there is a mutation in the daf-2 gene, animals lived for almost twice as long as animals with the normal gene. The daf-2 gene produces molecules that play an important role in cell signaling pathways associated with growth and aging of individual cells. Reducing the activity of these molecules extends the life span of the whole animal. Assume a portion of the daf-2 gene has the following DNA sequence: TACCCGAAGTTC. Which of the following mutations will likely have the greatest impact on the longevity of C. elegans?

Caenorhabditis elegans is a nematode with an adult body length of approximately 1 mm. It is a free-living organism that lives in temperate soil environments. It has played a major role as a model organism for research into molecular and developmental biology. This nematode lives for about 2-3 weeks and passes through four juvenile stages before reaching sexual maturity. It has six chromosomes and a transparent body that facilitates the study of cell differentiation and development. C. elegans has been used extensively in the study of aging. In these studies, scientists have discovered a gene called daf-2, which plays a significant role in controlling the aging process and longevity. In fertile nematodes where there is a mutation in the daf-2 gene, animals lived for almost twice as long as animals with the normal gene. The daf-2 gene produces molecules that play an important role in cell signaling pathways associated with growth and aging of individual cells. Reducing the activity of these molecules extends the life span of the whole animal. How many chromosomes will be found in each daughter cell of C. elegans after it undergoes mitosis?

A chicken cell, which has 78 chromosomes, undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes does each sister chromosome contain at the end of this process?

The process of cell division associated with growth is called __________.

All of the following are involved with gene expression EXCEPT

Which of the following are found exclusively in the nucleus of a cell?

Caenorhabditis elegans is a nematode with an adult body length of approximately 1 mm. It is a free-living organism that lives in temperate soil environments. It has played a major role as a model organism for research into molecular and developmental biology. This nematode lives for about 2-3 weeks and passes through four juvenile stages before reaching sexual maturity. It has six chromosomes and a transparent body that facilitates the study of cell differentiation and development. C. elegans has been used extensively in the study of aging. In these studies, scientists have discovered a gene called daf-2, which plays a significant role in controlling the aging process and longevity. In fertile nematodes where there is a mutation in the daf-2 gene, animals lived for almost twice as long as animals with the normal gene. The daf-2 gene produces molecules that play an important role in cell signaling pathways associated with growth and aging of individual cells. Reducing the activity of these molecules extends the life span of the whole animal. A mutation in the DNA of C. elegans will automatically lead to the production of a nonfunctioning protein.