Exam 1: The Correctional System

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The harsh environments of the early prisons led to mental breakdowns, suicides, and self-mutilations.

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Under the medical model, the prison would become an analogue to the hospital.

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The U.S. prison population has increased nearly fivefold since 1980.

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The equity goal of punishment means that convicted offenders must:

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Explain the theoretical constructs of the Classical School of thought.

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The United States is now engaging in:

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Punishment that is based on "getting even" for violating the social contract is known as:

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The ____________________ means that convicted offenders must pay back their victims for their loss, the justice system for costs related to processing their cases, and society for the disruptions caused because of their crimes.

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A ____________________ is a prison in which persons found guilty of a felony are isolated from normal society.

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The ____________________ goal of sentencing is designed to reintegrate the criminal offender back into the community.

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The Irish Mark System, developed by Lawrence Driscoll in 1794, established probation and parole requirements for Irish-born offenders in what were now English-ruled colonies.

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During the Middle Ages, criminals were seen as menaces to the community and as insults to God.

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Discuss the three Enlightenment philosophers whose philosophical ideals contributed to modern corrections.

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The work of Robert Martinson and colleagues failed to find supportive data for which of the following goals of punishment?

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Discuss at least three major challenges affecting the ability of corrections to function.

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Who felt strongly about the merits of the reformatory model?

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The ____________________ was held in Cincinnati in 1870 to present progressive ideas about corrections.

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What is the difference between specific and general deterrence? Discuss at least two points.

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Maconochie succeeded far better than could be anticipated with his "mark" system, but the political unpopularity of what he was doing eventually resulted in his recall to England.

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Compare and contrast the Pennsylvania prison model with the Auburn Silent System.

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