Exam 2: Sentencing and the Correctional Process

Which of the following is not a goal of structured sentencing?

In percentage bail, the defendant deposits a portion of the bail amount, usually 10 percent, with the court clerk.

Governor Smith is concerned with the crime rates in his state. He calls a special session of his cabinet and also contacts a few of the state senators to initiate a special session of Congress. Governor Smith wants to specifically address his states sentencing strategies. Currently, the state uses sentencing where the offender can be released early from a correctional institution if he or she has served a required minimum portion of his or her sentence. This type of sentence is known as:

Discuss the legality surrounding sentencing guidelines.

Governor Smith is concerned with the crime rates in his state. He calls a special session of his cabinet and also contacts a few of the state senators to initiate a special session of Congress. Governor Smith wants to specifically address his states sentencing strategies. The lawmakers have their differences of opinion. One thing they certainly agree on is the fact that there are particular crimes with specific circumstances where the offender should serve time in prison. Specifically, the legislature wants to prohibit any defendant convicted of the crimes of aggravated assault, sexual assault, and any manslaughter or murder charge from being placed on probation. This type of sentence is referred to as:

The purposes of sentencing have shifted:

Mandatory life sentences for repeat offenders are popular in many states. These laws are known as:

When early release occurs after an offender serves a minimum portion of the sentence, the sentence is____________________.

________________________ occurs when the court assigns custody of the defendant to an individual or agency that promises to ensure his or her later appearance in court.

In _________________, the Court held that guidelines could be taken into consideration by federal judges but that they no longer had to be regarded as mandatory.

In the majority of felony cases sentencing is generally based on the information available to the:

One or more sentences imposed at the same time and served simultaneously are called:

Which act created the U.S. Sentencing Commission?

One or more sentences imposed at the same time and served one after the other are called:

To ensure that convicted offenders serve a large portion of their sentence, the U.S. Congress authorized funding for additional state prisons and jails through the ____________________________ of 1994.

__________________________ is the beginning of the correctional process once an offender has been convicted.

The various types of sentences that can be awarded by the courts are called:

Scott was arrested for the crimes of aggravated assault and possession of a firearm by a convicted felon. Scott was previously convicted of burglary, theft, assault, and several drug offenses. He previously served a 1-year prison sentence for the burglary conviction. Scott was only out of prison 4 months before he was arrested on these new charges. Prior to his first prison sentence, Scott was on probation for his theft, assault, and drug charges. Scott's 5-year sentence is for a definite term of 5 years. This is the maximum sentenced set in law by the legislature. What type of sentence will Scott be serving?

The intent to ensure fair sentencing by ending the reduction of terms in prison by grants of parole, ensuring that persons committing similar crimes serve similar terms, and ensuring that sentences reflect the severity of the criminal conduct is called:

The Bail Reform Act of 1984 overturned the 1976 Supreme Court case of Burton v. South Carolina , which required that no defendant be kept in pretrial detention simply because they could not afford financial bail, and reinstated pretrial detention for indigent offenders.