Exam 15: Populations, Cities, and the Environment

In the early 1900s,what percentage of Americans lived in cities?

In countries where ________ has happened,there no longer is a "natural increase" in population.

Which of the following is a basic demographic variable?

Chris McCandless lived on his own in the wilderness because he felt constrained and betrayed by a society that cared so little for its individual members.What term describes the attitude to which McCandless objected?

Garrett Hardin believes that "a 'just' sharing of the world's wealth among all the inhabitants,without coercive control of individual reproduction,would result in a continual,exponential growth of the human population" and much more suffering.This means Hardin is a:

factories that produce noxious levels of pollution and toxic waste dumps are often located near areas where minorities and the poor reside.Which of the following terms could be used to describe this situation?

Anti-Malthusians believe that Thomas Malthus could not have envisioned the many modern developments that impact population demographics.What is it that the anti-Malthusians worry about?

On July 1,1908,Theodore Roosevelt signed legislation that created forty-five national forests.Roosevelt was a passionate hunter and believed that all the game in America would soon be gone unless something was done to preserve some wild areas.To which era of the environmental movement does this goal belong?

The net migration rate is the:

If the California legislature passes a bill designed to make people live in tighter,denser spaces,what problem is it attempting to combat?

The "green revolution" refers to a major transformation in agriculture that occurred in the twentieth century and resulted in an explosion in food production.for example,plant biologists bred wheat that had much shorter stalks and carried more wheat on top without falling over.What effect would you expect this to have on global demographics?

The process by which members of a group individually conclude that nothing is wrong because they observe that no one else seems to be worried is called:

The birth rate in Italy is much lower than it was in the past,with the average woman now expected to bear about 1.3 children,far fewer children than are needed to replace two parents.What might this lead to?

How is urban density measured?

During the Great Depression in the 1930s,huge numbers of dispossessed U.S.farmers left places like Oklahoma and moved to California.This is an example of:

What is environmental justice?

Which analytic subfield within the sociology of the environment do you think best explains how the greenhouse effect came into being? Justify your answer.

Which of the following would be an example of a "positive check" on population growth?

The shift of large segments of the population away from the urban core and toward the edges of cities is called:

People who use violent or criminal methods to disrupt or destroy businesses or organizations that they believe are harming the environment are called: