Exam 4: Constitutional Law

A rule issued by the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) limits the amount of carbon that can be emitted from a car's exhaust system. California state law allows much higher amounts of pollution. Under the supremacy clause

VidGames, Inc. supports a particular political candidate and wants to donate a large amount of money to that candidate. This is

Political speech by corporations falls within the protection of the First Amendment.

Center City enacts an ordinance that imposes a jail term, without a trial, on all vendors who operate in certain areas. A court would likely review this ordinance under the principles of

Mary creates a t-shirt design that expresses support for Nash, a presidential candidate, and distributes t-shirts to all of her friends. The t-shirts are an example of

Congress can spend revenues to promote any objective it deems worthwhile, even if it violates the Constitution.

The government must not place a substantial burden on religious practices .

American Hospital Organization (AHO), a political lobbying group, wants a certain healthcare payment policy enacted into law. If AHO's policy conflicts with the U.S. Constitution, a law containing that policy can be passed by

Only Congress may pass a law in conflict with the Constitution.

Under the First Amendment, corporate political speech is

In situations not involving fundamental rights, the government must draft regulations that are closely related to an important government interest.

The right to privacy

State regulatory powers are often referred to as police powers .

Preemption occurs when a state chooses to act exclusively in a concurrent area.

Georgia enacts a law requiring all businesses in the state to donate 10 percent of their profits to Protestant churches that provide certain services to persons whose income is below the poverty level. PriceLess Stores files a suit to block the law's enforcement. The court would likely hold that this law violates

Adult Shop in Bay City sells a variety of publications, including child pornography. Bay City enacts an ordinance prohibiting the sale of child pornography. This ordinance is most likely

Local governments, including cities, exercise police powers.

Congress enacts the Income Tax Exception Act (ITEA) to exempt the citizens of North Carolina from federal taxes until structures on the barrier islands are rebuilt from the destruction of a recent hurricane. Most likely the ITEA is a violation of

The Constitution sets out the authority and the limits of the branches of the government. The term checks and balances means that

Congress enacts the Ad Restriction Act (ARA) to limit advertising in certain circumstances. The ARA will be considered valid if it directly advances a substantial government interest