Question 1

Between 1850 and 1860 the prices of slaves ____ and the price of cotton ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  rose, rose. 
B)  rose, fell. 
C)  fell, rose. 
D)  fell, fell. 
A)  rose, rose. 
B)  rose, fell. 
C)  fell, rose. 
D)  fell, fell.

Question 2

In the 20 years before the Civil War real per capita incomes were ___ in the South than in the North, and the growth rate was ___ in the South than in the North.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher, higher. 
B)  lower, higher. 
C)  higher, lower. 
D)  lower, lower. 
A)  higher, higher. 
B)  lower, higher. 
C)  higher, lower. 
D)  lower, lower.

Question 3

What aspect of economic exploitation does Richard Vedder's method of calculating the rate of exploitation not account for?

Accepted Answer

A)  the loss of incentive to self-improve 
B)  wage raises in the task system 
C)  better food rations on large plantations 
D)  earning opportunities for urban slaves 
A)  the loss of incentive to self-improve 
B)  wage raises in the task system 
C)  better food rations on large plantations 
D)  earning opportunities for urban slaves

Question 4

On the eve of the Civil War, which U.S. region had the highest per capita income?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Northeast region 
B)  the South Atlantic region 
C)  the North Central region 
D)  the West South Central region 
A)  the Northeast region 
B)  the South Atlantic region 
C)  the North Central region 
D)  the West South Central region

Question 5

Which statement is most accurate about the U.S. in 1860?

Accepted Answer

A)  The per capita income of free people in the Western South was about twice the national average. 
B)  The per capita income of free people in the entire U.S. decreased. 
C)  The per capita income of free people in the entire U.S. increased, but increased more slowly than it did before the Revolution. 
D)  The Northwest was the poorest part of the nation, as measured by per capita income of free people. 
A)  The per capita income of free people in the Western South was about twice the national average. 
B)  The per capita income of free people in the entire U.S. decreased. 
C)  The per capita income of free people in the entire U.S. increased, but increased more slowly than it did before the Revolution. 
D)  The Northwest was the poorest part of the nation, as measured by per capita income of free people.

Question 6

Which statement is most correct: According to new research by Olmstead and Rhodes in 2008, productivity gains in cotton

Accepted Answer

A)  included a nearly 10 percent per annum increase in labor productivity. 
B)  were accomplished by mechanical innovations. 
C)  were accomplished by biological innovations. 
D)  were entirely due to the depletion of Eastern soils, which drove production to the Southwest. 
A)  included a nearly 10 percent per annum increase in labor productivity. 
B)  were accomplished by mechanical innovations. 
C)  were accomplished by biological innovations. 
D)  were entirely due to the depletion of Eastern soils, which drove production to the Southwest.

Question 7

The U.S. accounted for approximately what share of the transatlantic slave trade?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 percent 
B)  6 percent 
C)  12 percent 
D)  36 percent 
E)  72 percent 
A)  3 percent 
B)  6 percent 
C)  12 percent 
D)  36 percent 
E)  72 percent

Question 8

Research by Fogel and Engerman shows that, holding other factors constant, output per unit of total input was highest for Southern farms with

Accepted Answer

A)  no slaves. 
B)  1 to 15 slaves. 
C)  16 to 50 slaves. 
D)  more than 50 slaves. 
A)  no slaves. 
B)  1 to 15 slaves. 
C)  16 to 50 slaves. 
D)  more than 50 slaves.

Question 9

The "gang system" is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  specialization and division of labor. 
B)  diminishing marginal product. 
C)  the envelope theorem. 
D)  Gresham 's law. 
A)  specialization and division of labor. 
B)  diminishing marginal product. 
C)  the envelope theorem. 
D)  Gresham 's law.

Question 10

Gradual emancipation laws adopted by some Northern states

Accepted Answer

A)  used tax revenues to compensate slave owners for the financial loss associated with freeing slaves. 
B)  provided for all newborn children of slaves to be freed at birth. 
C)  provided for the freedom of female slaves, but not male slaves. 
D)  recognized that after age 10 the cost of a slave to the owner was less than the benefit of a slave to the owner. 
A)  used tax revenues to compensate slave owners for the financial loss associated with freeing slaves. 
B)  provided for all newborn children of slaves to be freed at birth. 
C)  provided for the freedom of female slaves, but not male slaves. 
D)  recognized that after age 10 the cost of a slave to the owner was less than the benefit of a slave to the owner.

Question 11

Current research on the productivity of southern cotton plantations shows that

Accepted Answer

A)  output per unit of input was greater on large slave plantations than on small free-family farms. 
B)  the majority of the South's cotton crop was grown on farm units of less than 100 acres. 
C)  output per slave declined during the antebellum period. 
D)  plantation-style agriculture was inefficient. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  output per unit of input was greater on large slave plantations than on small free-family farms. 
B)  the majority of the South's cotton crop was grown on farm units of less than 100 acres. 
C)  output per slave declined during the antebellum period. 
D)  plantation-style agriculture was inefficient. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 12

Which region in the New World received the largest share of slaves brought to the New World?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brazil 
B)  Colonial America 
C)  Cuba 
D)  Canada 
A)  Brazil 
B)  Colonial America 
C)  Cuba 
D)  Canada

Question 13

By 1825, what area in the New World had the greatest portion of slaves?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spanish colonies 
B)  The West Indies 
C)  The United States 
D)  Brazil 
A)  Spanish colonies 
B)  The West Indies 
C)  The United States 
D)  Brazil

Question 14

In the Dred Scott decision (1857), the Supreme Court declared that

Accepted Answer

A)  Congress could not admit a free state without simultaneously admitting a slave state. 
B)  slavery was not legal in the western territories. 
C)  fugitive slaves were not legally protected from bounty hunters. 
D)  Congress could not prohibit slavery in the western territories. 
A)  Congress could not admit a free state without simultaneously admitting a slave state. 
B)  slavery was not legal in the western territories. 
C)  fugitive slaves were not legally protected from bounty hunters. 
D)  Congress could not prohibit slavery in the western territories.

Question 15

The break-up of slave families was most often due to

Accepted Answer

A)  the sale of fathers. 
B)  the sale of mothers. 
C)  the sale of children. 
D)  divorce. 
A)  the sale of fathers. 
B)  the sale of mothers. 
C)  the sale of children. 
D)  divorce.

Question 16

Between 1810 and 1860, the value of slaves in the United States

Accepted Answer

A)  nearly doubled. 
B)  tripled. 
C)  increased nearly fourfold. 
D)  increased nearly tenfold. 
A)  nearly doubled. 
B)  tripled. 
C)  increased nearly fourfold. 
D)  increased nearly tenfold.

Question 17

In 1860, the total value of U.S. slaves was

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than GNP. 
B)  about $3 billion. 
C)  greater than $10 billion. 
D)  about $1 billion. 
A)  greater than GNP. 
B)  about $3 billion. 
C)  greater than $10 billion. 
D)  about $1 billion.

Question 18

Which statement is most accurate about the U.S. between 1800-1860?

Accepted Answer

A)  New states were always permitted to choose whether they wanted to be free or slave states. 
B)  Slaves were prohibited from the western territories and new states. 
C)  The threat of having their jobs replaced by slaves led many southerners to unionize. 
D)  The total value of slaves in the U.S. increased substantially after the slave trade was stopped in the early 1800s. 
A)  New states were always permitted to choose whether they wanted to be free or slave states. 
B)  Slaves were prohibited from the western territories and new states. 
C)  The threat of having their jobs replaced by slaves led many southerners to unionize. 
D)  The total value of slaves in the U.S. increased substantially after the slave trade was stopped in the early 1800s.

Question 19

At what age was a slave child most likely to be sold away from its family?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 years 
B)  5 years 
C)  10 years 
D)  16 years 
A)  2 years 
B)  5 years 
C)  10 years 
D)  16 years

Question 20

Between 1780 and 1805, five Northern states enacted emancipation laws. All of the following statements characterize these laws except :

Accepted Answer

A)  The emancipation laws provided for freedom of newborn babies when they reached adulthood. 
B)  The emancipation laws allowed owners to avoid freeing slaves by selling them to Southerners. 
C)  The emancipation laws provided for government agencies that assisted newly-freed slaves. 
D)  The emancipation laws indirectly compensated owners for the losses incurred by freeing slaves. 
A)  The emancipation laws provided for freedom of newborn babies when they reached adulthood. 
B)  The emancipation laws allowed owners to avoid freeing slaves by selling them to Southerners. 
C)  The emancipation laws provided for government agencies that assisted newly-freed slaves. 
D)  The emancipation laws indirectly compensated owners for the losses incurred by freeing slaves.

Exam 13: The Entrenchment of Slavery and Regional Conflict

Between 1850 and 1860 the prices of slaves ____ and the price of cotton ______.

In the 20 years before the Civil War real per capita incomes were ___ in the South than in the North, and the growth rate was ___ in the South than in the North.

What aspect of economic exploitation does Richard Vedder's method of calculating the rate of exploitation not account for?

On the eve of the Civil War, which U.S. region had the highest per capita income?

Which statement is most accurate about the U.S. in 1860?

Which statement is most correct: According to new research by Olmstead and Rhodes in 2008, productivity gains in cotton

The U.S. accounted for approximately what share of the transatlantic slave trade?

Research by Fogel and Engerman shows that, holding other factors constant, output per unit of total input was highest for Southern farms with

The "gang system" is an example of

Gradual emancipation laws adopted by some Northern states

Current research on the productivity of southern cotton plantations shows that

Which region in the New World received the largest share of slaves brought to the New World?

By 1825, what area in the New World had the greatest portion of slaves?

In the Dred Scott decision (1857), the Supreme Court declared that

The break-up of slave families was most often due to

Between 1810 and 1860, the value of slaves in the United States

In 1860, the total value of U.S. slaves was

Which statement is most accurate about the U.S. between 1800-1860?

At what age was a slave child most likely to be sold away from its family?

Between 1780 and 1805, five Northern states enacted emancipation laws. All of the following statements characterize these laws except :

Growth, Welfare, and the American Economy

Founding the Colonies

Colonial Economic Activities

The Economic Relations of the Colonies

Economic Progress and Wealth

Three Crises and Revolt

Hard Realities for a New Nation

Land and the Early Westward Movements

Transportation and Market Growth

Market Expansion and Industry in First Transition

Labor During the Early Industrial Period

Money and Banking in the Developing Economy

War, Recovery, and Regional Divergence

Agricultures Western Advance

Railroads and Economic Change

Industrial Expansion and Concentration

The Emergence of Americas Labor Consciousness

Money, Prices, and Finance in the Postbellum Era

Commerce at Home and Abroad

World War I, 1914-1918

The Roaring Twenties

The Great Depression

The New Deal

World War Ii

The Changing Role of the Federal Government

The Changing Role of the Federal Government: Consumer Safety, Agriculture, the Environment, and Housing

Monetary Policy, Fiscal Policy, and the Business Cycle After World War Ii

Manufacturing, Productivity, and Labor

Achievements of the Past, Challenges for the Future

Filters

Between 1850 and 1860 the prices of slaves and the price of cotton __.

In the 20 years before the Civil War real per capita incomes were _ in the South than in the North, and the growth rate was _ in the South than in the North.