Exam 12: The Problem of Global Inequality

Dividing the overall annual income of a country by the population results in the

A more recent development strategy is called structural adjustment. This refers to

Defining poverty as having a comparatively low income refers to poverty in

What impact does import substitution have on the balance of payments?

Although state planning increased production, the failure of state socialism resulted from the

How do network effects benefit established businesses?

Which of the following statements is false?

In recent decades, the World Bank shifted to an approach that focused on food, shelter, and health care. This approach is referred to as the

The Gender Development Index, published by the United Nations Development Programme, measures the economic equality of men and women. Which of the following countries is considered as low-ranking on this index?

In terms of its early economic development, the United States had at least two advantages that other countries could not easily match. One of these was an enormous amount of cheap capital in the form of land that was taken from Native Americans. What was the other?

What have been some of the historical strategies used by states, e.g., the United States and Germany, in order to overcome late development? How do they compare with either the developmental state or export-led approaches?

In much of the post-World War II period, development aid focused on all of the following, except

The success of China gives further support to

Discuss and explain the developmental state model as an alternative to the focus upon export-led growth? Are there any specific benefits to the former over the latter? What are some disadvantages of following in the footsteps of the development state model?

Which concept refers to the relative prices of goods a country imports and exports?

Which of the following international governmental organizations has played a leading role in defining the "best practices" in development aid?

An important problem in Russia during the post-communist phase has been the

Liberals argue that the success of the Asian Tigers is evidence that the best approach to development is

The definition of poverty by the UN Commission on Human Rights stating that it is "a human condition characterized by the sustained or chronic deprivation of the resources, capabilities, choices, security, and power necessary for the enjoyment of an adequate standard of living and other civil, cultural, economic, political, and social rights," considers poverty in terms of

Which of the following countries has the least inequality, according to Gini coefficient data?