Question 1

Type I error occurs when:

Accepted Answer

A)  a false null hypothesis is rejected. 
B)  a false null hypothesis is not rejected. 
C)  a true null hypothesis is rejected. 
D)  a true null hypothesis is not rejected. 
A)  a false null hypothesis is rejected. 
B)  a false null hypothesis is not rejected. 
C)  a true null hypothesis is rejected. 
D)  a true null hypothesis is not rejected. C

Question 2

When a researcher says after a statistical test, "the difference is significant," he or she is saying that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the sample statistic value and the hypothesized value are not the same. 
B)  the difference between the sample statistic value and the hypothesized value is statistically different. 
C)  the research hypothesis and statistical hypothesis are not in agreement. 
D)  the main or null hypothesis seems to be true. 
E)  the findings of the research study have significant implications. 
A)  the sample statistic value and the hypothesized value are not the same. 
B)  the difference between the sample statistic value and the hypothesized value is statistically different. 
C)  the research hypothesis and statistical hypothesis are not in agreement. 
D)  the main or null hypothesis seems to be true. 
E)  the findings of the research study have significant implications. B

Question 3

Type II error occurs when:

Accepted Answer

A)  a false null hypothesis is rejected. 
B)  a false null hypothesis is not rejected. 
C)  a true null hypothesis is rejected. 
D)  a true null hypothesis is not rejected. 
A)  a false null hypothesis is rejected. 
B)  a false null hypothesis is not rejected. 
C)  a true null hypothesis is rejected. 
D)  a true null hypothesis is not rejected. B

Question 4

Select the false statement below.

Accepted Answer

A)  If a null hypothesis is false, but the researcher is able to reject it, a type II error has occurred. 
B)  If a researcher selects an alpha level of 0.01, there is a 1% chance of a type I error. 
C)  A type I error is guarded against more than a type II error by most researchers. 
D)  If a null hypothesis is true, but the researcher is able to reject it, this is a type I error. 
E)  If a researcher uses an alpha level of 0.10 rather than 0.05, there is less chance of a type II error. 
A)  If a null hypothesis is false, but the researcher is able to reject it, a type II error has occurred. 
B)  If a researcher selects an alpha level of 0.01, there is a 1% chance of a type I error. 
C)  A type I error is guarded against more than a type II error by most researchers. 
D)  If a null hypothesis is true, but the researcher is able to reject it, this is a type I error. 
E)  If a researcher uses an alpha level of 0.10 rather than 0.05, there is less chance of a type II error.

Question 5

A researcher reported that there were two independent groups with 25 in each group. Each group received a different treatment. An alpha value of 0.05 was used. Based on the data analysis using a computer, t = 2.11, p = 0.03, group 1 mean = 88, and group 2 mean = 81. Based on this information, identify the true answer.

Accepted Answer

A)  The null hypothesis is accepted. 
B)  The alternate hypothesis that the population 1 mean is larger is accepted. 
C)  The alternate hypothesis that the population 2 mean is larger is accepted. 
D)  Based on the information provided, it is impossible to make a decision. 
E)  Based on the information provided, the researcher could have made two different decisions. 
A)  The null hypothesis is accepted. 
B)  The alternate hypothesis that the population 1 mean is larger is accepted. 
C)  The alternate hypothesis that the population 2 mean is larger is accepted. 
D)  Based on the information provided, it is impossible to make a decision. 
E)  Based on the information provided, the researcher could have made two different decisions.

Question 6

A researcher conducted an experiment in which he compared two methods of teaching. If there were 10 people in Group 1 and 12 in Group 2, and a two-tailed t-test for two independent groups at alpha 0.05 was conducted, what t-value was needed to reject H0?

Accepted Answer

A)  2.093 
B)  2.086 
C)  2.080 
D)  2.074 
E)  None of these is correct. 
A)  2.093 
B)  2.086 
C)  2.080 
D)  2.074 
E)  None of these is correct.

Question 7

The key difference of inferential statistics from descriptive statistics is that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  uses sample information to guess the population's parameter. 
B)  studies the whole population so that the population parameter can be learned. 
C)  uses sample information to guess another population's parameter. 
D)  simply computes the population's parameter directly. 
A)  uses sample information to guess the population's parameter. 
B)  studies the whole population so that the population parameter can be learned. 
C)  uses sample information to guess another population's parameter. 
D)  simply computes the population's parameter directly.

Question 8

Identify the false statement about two-group comparisons after ANOVA.

Accepted Answer

A)  They are recommended after a significant F test when there are three or more groups. 
B)  The two-independent-group t-test is a common two-group comparison method. 
C)  Their purpose is to identify which means significantly differ from each other. 
D)  Two common two-group comparison techniques are Scheffe and Tukey. 
E)  They are not used when the F is nonsignificant. 
A)  They are recommended after a significant F test when there are three or more groups. 
B)  The two-independent-group t-test is a common two-group comparison method. 
C)  Their purpose is to identify which means significantly differ from each other. 
D)  Two common two-group comparison techniques are Scheffe and Tukey. 
E)  They are not used when the F is nonsignificant.

Question 9

When a ANOVA is found statistically significant, follow-up tests should be conducted to determine which pair of the means is different from each other. The follow-up test is also known as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  post-test. 
B)  post-hoc test. 
C)  planned comparison. 
D)  significant test. 
A)  post-test. 
B)  post-hoc test. 
C)  planned comparison. 
D)  significant test.

Question 10

Select the false statement below concerning chi-square tests.

Accepted Answer

A)  The hypothesis tested in a two-way chi-square is that two measures are independent of each other. 
B)  If a two-way chi-square was conducted with a year in college (4 levels) vs. attitude (5 levels), the degrees of freedom (d.f.) value = 12. 
C)  The hypothesis tested in a one-way chi-square is normal distribution. 
D)  The chi-square test may be conducted with nominal data like gender. 
E)  Chi-square tests are commonly used with data from a questionnaire. 
A)  The hypothesis tested in a two-way chi-square is that two measures are independent of each other. 
B)  If a two-way chi-square was conducted with a year in college (4 levels) vs. attitude (5 levels), the degrees of freedom (d.f.) value = 12. 
C)  The hypothesis tested in a one-way chi-square is normal distribution. 
D)  The chi-square test may be conducted with nominal data like gender. 
E)  Chi-square tests are commonly used with data from a questionnaire.

Type I error occurs when:

When a researcher says after a statistical test, "the difference is significant," he or she is saying that:

Type II error occurs when:

Select the false statement below.

A researcher conducted an experiment in which he compared two methods of teaching. If there were 10 people in Group 1 and 12 in Group 2, and a two-tailed t-test for two independent groups at alpha 0.05 was conducted, what t-value was needed to reject H₀?

The key difference of inferential statistics from descriptive statistics is that it:

Identify the false statement about two-group comparisons after ANOVA.

When a ANOVA is found statistically significant, follow-up tests should be conducted to determine which pair of the means is different from each other. The follow-up test is also known as the:

Select the false statement below concerning chi-square tests.

The Nature, Purpose, and Overall Process of Research

Descriptive Research

Experimental Research

Qualitative Research

Historical Research and Action Research

Epidemiologic Research

Reviewing the Literature

Reading, Evaluating and Summarizing Research Reports

Developing the Research Plan and Grant Application

Ethical Concerns in Research

Identifying, Recruiting and Selecting Research Participants

Measurement in Research

Descriptive Data Analysis

Qualitative and Mixed Methods Data Analysis and Interpretations

Developing the Research Proposal

Understanding the Research Process

Writing the Research Report

Filters

Exam 15: Inferential Data Analysis

Type I error occurs when:

When a researcher says after a statistical test, "the difference is significant," he or she is saying that:

Type II error occurs when:

Select the false statement below.

A researcher conducted an experiment in which he compared two methods of teaching. If there were 10 people in Group 1 and 12 in Group 2, and a two-tailed t-test for two independent groups at alpha 0.05 was conducted, what t-value was needed to reject H0?

The key difference of inferential statistics from descriptive statistics is that it:

Identify the false statement about two-group comparisons after ANOVA.

When a ANOVA is found statistically significant, follow-up tests should be conducted to determine which pair of the means is different from each other. The follow-up test is also known as the:

Select the false statement below concerning chi-square tests.

The Nature, Purpose, and Overall Process of Research

Descriptive Research

Experimental Research

Qualitative Research

Historical Research and Action Research

Epidemiologic Research

Reviewing the Literature

Reading, Evaluating and Summarizing Research Reports

Developing the Research Plan and Grant Application

Ethical Concerns in Research

Identifying, Recruiting and Selecting Research Participants

Measurement in Research

Descriptive Data Analysis

Qualitative and Mixed Methods Data Analysis and Interpretations

Developing the Research Proposal

Understanding the Research Process

Writing the Research Report

Filters

A researcher conducted an experiment in which he compared two methods of teaching. If there were 10 people in Group 1 and 12 in Group 2, and a two-tailed t-test for two independent groups at alpha 0.05 was conducted, what t-value was needed to reject H₀?