Question 1

The following groups are listed in size order from smallest to largest: accessible population, target population, population, sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

At which point in the sampling process would the researcher create a sampling frame?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the sampling interval has been chosen 
B)  When the exclusion criteria have been applied 
C)  When the convenience sample has been located 
D)  When the accessible population has been determined 
A)  When the sampling interval has been chosen 
B)  When the exclusion criteria have been applied 
C)  When the convenience sample has been located 
D)  When the accessible population has been determined D

Question 3

Which of the following statements best explains why the preferred method to obtain participants in qualitative research studies is purposive sampling?

Accepted Answer

A)  Purposive sampling allows the researcher to choose participants whose experiences are most likely to be generalizable to the target population. 
B)  Purposive sampling ensures that participants are chosen randomly, thereby increasing the validity of the qualitative findings. 
C)  Purposive sampling uses networking to increase the sample size and broaden the target population. 
D)  Purposive sampling allows researchers to select participants who fit the very specific types of criteria that are investigated in qualitative studies. 
A)  Purposive sampling allows the researcher to choose participants whose experiences are most likely to be generalizable to the target population. 
B)  Purposive sampling ensures that participants are chosen randomly, thereby increasing the validity of the qualitative findings. 
C)  Purposive sampling uses networking to increase the sample size and broaden the target population. 
D)  Purposive sampling allows researchers to select participants who fit the very specific types of criteria that are investigated in qualitative studies. D

Question 4

Which of the following methods will yield the most representative sample?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonprobability sampling 
B)  Simple random sampling 
C)  Cluster sampling 
D)  Systematic random sampling 
A)  Nonprobability sampling 
B)  Simple random sampling 
C)  Cluster sampling 
D)  Systematic random sampling

Question 5

A study sample is made up of 70% female subjects and 30% male subjects, and the target population is made up of 55% female subjects and 45% male subjects. Which of the following statements about the study is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The study sample shows representativeness. 
B)  The results of the study are generalizable to the target population. 
C)  The study's external validity is at risk from sampling bias. 
D)  The study sample demonstrates incorrect use of exclusion criteria. 
A)  The study sample shows representativeness. 
B)  The results of the study are generalizable to the target population. 
C)  The study's external validity is at risk from sampling bias. 
D)  The study sample demonstrates incorrect use of exclusion criteria.

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of an accessible population?

Accepted Answer

A)  All RNs in the United States 
B)  All pediatric RNs 
C)  RN-to-BSN students 
D)  RN-to-BSN students at one university 
A)  All RNs in the United States 
B)  All pediatric RNs 
C)  RN-to-BSN students 
D)  RN-to-BSN students at one university

Question 7

A researcher studying pain associated with complications of Lyme disease wants to make sure that other types of patient pain do not influence the research results. Which action would best address the researcher's concerns?

Accepted Answer

A)  Have study participants self-report any other health conditions that cause pain on a regular basis. 
B)  Set criteria to exclude participants with chronic pain disorders from the study. 
C)  Track study participants' use of anti-inflammatory and analgesic medications. 
D)  Set criteria to include only patients who exhibit the most severe and painful symptoms of Lyme disease in the study. 
A)  Have study participants self-report any other health conditions that cause pain on a regular basis. 
B)  Set criteria to exclude participants with chronic pain disorders from the study. 
C)  Track study participants' use of anti-inflammatory and analgesic medications. 
D)  Set criteria to include only patients who exhibit the most severe and painful symptoms of Lyme disease in the study.

Question 8

What is the relationship between a population and a sample?

Accepted Answer

A)  A population is a representative sample of a defined group. 
B)  A sample is made up of objects and events, whereas a population is made up of people. 
C)  Both populations and samples are specialized segments of groups. 
D)  A sample is a representative group of a defined population. 
A)  A population is a representative sample of a defined group. 
B)  A sample is made up of objects and events, whereas a population is made up of people. 
C)  Both populations and samples are specialized segments of groups. 
D)  A sample is a representative group of a defined population.

Question 9

The more heterogeneous the target population is, the larger the sample size needs to be.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is present when subjects in a study do not adequately represent the target population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sample manipulation 
B)  Sample exclusion 
C)  Sample bias 
D)  Sample error 
A)  Sample manipulation 
B)  Sample exclusion 
C)  Sample bias 
D)  Sample error

Question 11

A researcher who divides nursing staff at a hospital into categories of CNAs, LPNs, RNs, and nurse practitioners before randomly selecting participants from each group is using stratified random sampling.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A researcher who interviews subjects selected from the members of six health policy interest groups in the state of Alabama is most likely using which sampling method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Target 
B)  Stratified 
C)  Purposive 
D)  Convenience 
A)  Target 
B)  Stratified 
C)  Purposive 
D)  Convenience

Question 13

Which of the following statements explains why nonprobability sampling carries more risk of selection bias than probability sampling?

Accepted Answer

A)  Exclusion criteria are not used in nonprobability sampling. 
B)  Nonprobability sampling uses strata that are not mutually exclusive. 
C)  Representativeness is not a consideration in nonprobability sampling. 
D)  Nonprobability sampling does not use randomization. 
A)  Exclusion criteria are not used in nonprobability sampling. 
B)  Nonprobability sampling uses strata that are not mutually exclusive. 
C)  Representativeness is not a consideration in nonprobability sampling. 
D)  Nonprobability sampling does not use randomization.

Question 14

When a study sample shows representativeness, what can be concluded about the study?

Accepted Answer

A)  The study results show evidence of sampling bias. 
B)  The study used strict inclusion and exclusion criteria to limit the sample size. 
C)  The study is most likely generalizable, with results that can be applied to the target population. 
D)  The study is most likely not generalizable because the sample was obtained using specific inclusion criteria. 
A)  The study results show evidence of sampling bias. 
B)  The study used strict inclusion and exclusion criteria to limit the sample size. 
C)  The study is most likely generalizable, with results that can be applied to the target population. 
D)  The study is most likely not generalizable because the sample was obtained using specific inclusion criteria.

Question 15

If a minor child refuses to give oral or written assent to participate in a study, the researcher can include the child in the sample if written consent is given by the parents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A researcher is studying post-polio syndrome in American polio survivors over the age 65. The researcher selects the sample subjects from the eligible subjects in a tristate area where the researcher is able to travel. Which group is the target population for this researcher?

Accepted Answer

A)  American polio survivors over the age of 65 
B)  American polio survivors over the age of 65 with post-polio syndrome 
C)  American polio survivors over the age of 65 with post-polio syndrome in the tristate area 
D)  American polio survivors over the age of 65 with post-polio syndrome in the tristate area who participate in the research study 
A)  American polio survivors over the age of 65 
B)  American polio survivors over the age of 65 with post-polio syndrome 
C)  American polio survivors over the age of 65 with post-polio syndrome in the tristate area 
D)  American polio survivors over the age of 65 with post-polio syndrome in the tristate area who participate in the research study

Question 17

If the accessible population is the same as the target population, then the entire target population will most likely be used as subjects and no sample is needed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following actions would be most appropriate for a researcher who is concerned participant attrition will result in invalid study results?

Accepted Answer

A)  Offer participants at risk of dropping out incentives if they stay in the study. 
B)  Begin the study with a larger sample than necessary. 
C)  Include a section in the consent form where participants agree in advance to complete the entire study. 
D)  Redefine the target population after attrition occurs so that the remaining subjects are still a representative sample. 
A)  Offer participants at risk of dropping out incentives if they stay in the study. 
B)  Begin the study with a larger sample than necessary. 
C)  Include a section in the consent form where participants agree in advance to complete the entire study. 
D)  Redefine the target population after attrition occurs so that the remaining subjects are still a representative sample.

Question 19

What is the primary disadvantage of nonprobability sampling as compared to probability sampling?

Accepted Answer

A)  Limited randomization 
B)  Large sample size 
C)  Limited generalizability 
D)  Small sample size 
A)  Limited randomization 
B)  Large sample size 
C)  Limited generalizability 
D)  Small sample size

Question 20

A researcher who administers a questionnaire to 50 RN-to-BSN students attending the same nursing school is using which sampling method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Convenience 
B)  Target 
C)  Stratified 
D)  Purposive 
A)  Convenience 
B)  Target 
C)  Stratified 
D)  Purposive

The following groups are listed in size order from smallest to largest: accessible population, target population, population, sample.

At which point in the sampling process would the researcher create a sampling frame?

Which of the following statements best explains why the preferred method to obtain participants in qualitative research studies is purposive sampling?

Which of the following methods will yield the most representative sample?

A study sample is made up of 70% female subjects and 30% male subjects, and the target population is made up of 55% female subjects and 45% male subjects. Which of the following statements about the study is true?

Which of the following is an example of an accessible population?

A researcher studying pain associated with complications of Lyme disease wants to make sure that other types of patient pain do not influence the research results. Which action would best address the researcher's concerns?

What is the relationship between a population and a sample?

The more heterogeneous the target population is, the larger the sample size needs to be.

What is present when subjects in a study do not adequately represent the target population?

A researcher who divides nursing staff at a hospital into categories of CNAs, LPNs, RNs, and nurse practitioners before randomly selecting participants from each group is using stratified random sampling.

A researcher who interviews subjects selected from the members of six health policy interest groups in the state of Alabama is most likely using which sampling method?

Which of the following statements explains why nonprobability sampling carries more risk of selection bias than probability sampling?

When a study sample shows representativeness, what can be concluded about the study?

If a minor child refuses to give oral or written assent to participate in a study, the researcher can include the child in the sample if written consent is given by the parents.

A researcher is studying post-polio syndrome in American polio survivors over the age 65. The researcher selects the sample subjects from the eligible subjects in a tristate area where the researcher is able to travel. Which group is the target population for this researcher?

If the accessible population is the same as the target population, then the entire target population will most likely be used as subjects and no sample is needed.

Which of the following actions would be most appropriate for a researcher who is concerned participant attrition will result in invalid study results?

What is the primary disadvantage of nonprobability sampling as compared to probability sampling?

A researcher who administers a questionnaire to 50 RN-to-BSN students attending the same nursing school is using which sampling method?

What Is Evidence-Based Practice

Using Evidence Through Collaboration to Promote Excellence in Nursing Practice

Identifying Research Questions

Finding Sources of Evidence

Linking Theory, Research, and Practice

Key Principles of Quantitative Designs

Quantitative Designs: Using Numbers to Provide Evidence

Epidemiologic Designs: Using Data to Understand Populations

Qualitative Designs: Using Words to Provide Evidence

Collecting Evidence

Other Sources of Evidence

What Do the Quantitative Data Mean

What Do the Qualitative Data Mean

Weighing in on the Evidence

Transitioning Evidence to Practice

Developing Oneself As an Innovator

Evaluating Outcomes of Innovations

Sharing the Insights With Others

Understanding Research Utilization and EBP Collaboration in Nursing Practice.

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Exam 11: Using Samples to Provide Evidence

The following groups are listed in size order from smallest to largest: accessible population, target population, population, sample.

At which point in the sampling process would the researcher create a sampling frame?

Which of the following statements best explains why the preferred method to obtain participants in qualitative research studies is purposive sampling?

Which of the following methods will yield the most representative sample?

A study sample is made up of 70% female subjects and 30% male subjects, and the target population is made up of 55% female subjects and 45% male subjects. Which of the following statements about the study is true?

Which of the following is an example of an accessible population?

A researcher studying pain associated with complications of Lyme disease wants to make sure that other types of patient pain do not influence the research results. Which action would best address the researcher's concerns?

What is the relationship between a population and a sample?

The more heterogeneous the target population is, the larger the sample size needs to be.

What is present when subjects in a study do not adequately represent the target population?

A researcher who divides nursing staff at a hospital into categories of CNAs, LPNs, RNs, and nurse practitioners before randomly selecting participants from each group is using stratified random sampling.

A researcher who interviews subjects selected from the members of six health policy interest groups in the state of Alabama is most likely using which sampling method?

Which of the following statements explains why nonprobability sampling carries more risk of selection bias than probability sampling?

When a study sample shows representativeness, what can be concluded about the study?

If a minor child refuses to give oral or written assent to participate in a study, the researcher can include the child in the sample if written consent is given by the parents.

A researcher is studying post-polio syndrome in American polio survivors over the age 65. The researcher selects the sample subjects from the eligible subjects in a tristate area where the researcher is able to travel. Which group is the target population for this researcher?

If the accessible population is the same as the target population, then the entire target population will most likely be used as subjects and no sample is needed.

Which of the following actions would be most appropriate for a researcher who is concerned participant attrition will result in invalid study results?

What is the primary disadvantage of nonprobability sampling as compared to probability sampling?

A researcher who administers a questionnaire to 50 RN-to-BSN students attending the same nursing school is using which sampling method?

What Is Evidence-Based Practice

Using Evidence Through Collaboration to Promote Excellence in Nursing Practice

Identifying Research Questions

Finding Sources of Evidence

Linking Theory, Research, and Practice

Key Principles of Quantitative Designs

Quantitative Designs: Using Numbers to Provide Evidence

Epidemiologic Designs: Using Data to Understand Populations

Qualitative Designs: Using Words to Provide Evidence

Collecting Evidence

Other Sources of Evidence

What Do the Quantitative Data Mean

What Do the Qualitative Data Mean

Weighing in on the Evidence

Transitioning Evidence to Practice

Developing Oneself As an Innovator

Evaluating Outcomes of Innovations

Sharing the Insights With Others

Understanding Research Utilization and EBP Collaboration in Nursing Practice.

Filters