Question 1

Attribution errors can perpetuate gender-based stereotypes by offering different explanations for the same behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

The preference for anecdotal over base-rate information can lead people to mischaracterize events.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Broad categorizers:

Accepted Answer

A)  are intolerant of conflicting information 
B)  tend to perform very well on detailed, analytic processing 
C)  don't do well on tests that require thinking about how things interrelate 
D)  allow for very little discrepancy among members of the same category 
E)  none of the above 
A)  are intolerant of conflicting information 
B)  tend to perform very well on detailed, analytic processing 
C)  don't do well on tests that require thinking about how things interrelate 
D)  allow for very little discrepancy among members of the same category 
E)  none of the above E

Question 4

What is base-rate information?

Accepted Answer

A)  the rate at which data is accumulated 
B)  the frequency with which an event occurs in a population 
C)  information about the basis of rates in the population 
D)  data about the percentage of cases in a population 
E)  B and D 
A)  the rate at which data is accumulated 
B)  the frequency with which an event occurs in a population 
C)  information about the basis of rates in the population 
D)  data about the percentage of cases in a population 
E)  B and D

Question 5

If an anecdote is used in a news story, it doesn't have to be representative of the larger point of the story, but it should be extremely vivid and interesting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Some of the tenets of ethical, excellent journalism can help offset a disposition toward narrow categorization and certainty orientation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Category width refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the schemas into which the mind places people, events and ideas 
B)  the certainty in one's thinking style 
C)  how broadly a person categorizes things 
D)  the breadth of one's thinking 
E)  all of the above 
A)  the schemas into which the mind places people, events and ideas 
B)  the certainty in one's thinking style 
C)  how broadly a person categorizes things 
D)  the breadth of one's thinking 
E)  all of the above

Question 8

As discussed in this chapter, in cognitive terms, the word "attribution" means:

Accepted Answer

A)  the identification of the source of information in a news story 
B)  explaining the characteristics of sources; their attributes 
C)  weighing the internal and external elements of a situation 
D)  how people explain the causes of behaviors and events 
E)  none of the above 
A)  the identification of the source of information in a news story 
B)  explaining the characteristics of sources; their attributes 
C)  weighing the internal and external elements of a situation 
D)  how people explain the causes of behaviors and events 
E)  none of the above

Question 9

People who are uncertainty oriented

Accepted Answer

A)  have a need to understand others 
B)  are open minded 
C)  evaluate ideas on their own merit 
D)  integrate new and old ideas 
E)  all of the above 
A)  have a need to understand others 
B)  are open minded 
C)  evaluate ideas on their own merit 
D)  integrate new and old ideas 
E)  all of the above

Question 10

Which of the terms below describes the tendency for an observer to overestimate the role of personal, internal factors in affecting behavior and to underestimate the influence of situational factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  anecdotal error 
B)  attribution error 
C)  the fundamental attribution error 
D)  the overestimating bias 
E)  none of the above 
A)  anecdotal error 
B)  attribution error 
C)  the fundamental attribution error 
D)  the overestimating bias 
E)  none of the above

Attribution errors can perpetuate gender-based stereotypes by offering different explanations for the same behavior.

The preference for anecdotal over base-rate information can lead people to mischaracterize events.

Broad categorizers:

What is base-rate information?

If an anecdote is used in a news story, it doesn't have to be representative of the larger point of the story, but it should be extremely vivid and interesting.

Some of the tenets of ethical, excellent journalism can help offset a disposition toward narrow categorization and certainty orientation.

Category width refers to:

As discussed in this chapter, in cognitive terms, the word "attribution" means:

People who are uncertainty oriented

Which of the terms below describes the tendency for an observer to overestimate the role of personal, internal factors in affecting behavior and to underestimate the influence of situational factors?

Context, Culture and Cognition

Habits of Thought

Encountering the News

Story Without Stereotype

Understanding Culture, Understanding Sources

Training the Reporters Eye

Critical Decisions Before Deadline

The Power of Words and Tone

Addressing Negativity

Filters

Exam 9: Attribution, Images and Editing Without Bias

Attribution errors can perpetuate gender-based stereotypes by offering different explanations for the same behavior.

The preference for anecdotal over base-rate information can lead people to mischaracterize events.

Broad categorizers:

What is base-rate information?

If an anecdote is used in a news story, it doesn't have to be representative of the larger point of the story, but it should be extremely vivid and interesting.

Some of the tenets of ethical, excellent journalism can help offset a disposition toward narrow categorization and certainty orientation.

Category width refers to:

As discussed in this chapter, in cognitive terms, the word "attribution" means:

People who are uncertainty oriented

Which of the terms below describes the tendency for an observer to overestimate the role of personal, internal factors in affecting behavior and to underestimate the influence of situational factors?

Context, Culture and Cognition

Habits of Thought

Encountering the News

Story Without Stereotype

Understanding Culture, Understanding Sources

Training the Reporters Eye

Critical Decisions Before Deadline

The Power of Words and Tone

Addressing Negativity

Filters