Exam 12: Responding to the Challenge of White Collar Crime

According to Braithwaite, which of the following is not an advantage of enforced self-regulation?

Which of the following sanctions is characterized as having a mixture of positive and negative elements?

Which of the following is true of business ethics courses, and business ethics within the business world?

Although they are generally antagonistic towards the capitalist state, progressive criminologists may call for stronger state action against corporate crime.

Which of the following is not an argument that has been made in favor of incarcerating white collar offenders?

By definition, negative sanctions may only be applied through criminal law, rather than through civil or administrative law.

Compared to conventional offenders, relatively few white collar criminals have been sent to prison.

If one accepts the proposition that corporations are more rational than individuals, it should generally follow that corporations can be more easily deterred than individuals.

John Braithwaite's re-introduction of "shaming" as an appropriate element in responding to white collar crime is based on the view that punishment is likely to fail if it is "uncoupled" from its moral roots.

Identify some specific strategies that might elevate consciousness about white collar crime.What are some of the major policy options for responding to white collar crime generally? Which overall strategy, if any, is most likely to succeed, and why?

White collar crime is typically viewed as an __________ crime, and accordingly ________ deterrent-prone than conventional crime.

Fines which call for convicted corporations to issue special shares which are placed with a state victim compensation board, which in turn can liquidate them when they can realize a maximum return, are called:

Occupational disqualification is likely to have especially devastating consequences for which of the following groups?

Historically, corporations have often found it less costly to face civil lawsuits than to limit profits by fully complying with the law or correcting hazards.

Contemporary deterrence research suggests that the subjective perception of being sanctioned is more important than the actual probability of it.

Responses to white collar crime which appeal to reason or offer practical inducements are which of the following?

Because of their concern over liability, corporations are highly likely to impose occupational disqualification on corporate executives who commit occupation- related offenses.

Which of the following is a basic rationale for prosecuting and punishing corporations, rather than individual executives?

Which element of deterrence is apparently the most important in terms of effectiveness?

Any theory of deterrence adopts, in some form, the classical criminological model of human beings as rational creatures.