Exam 2: Research Designs and Ethical Issues

Edith's physician has been supplying her with free samples of a medication that she could not otherwise afford to buy. The physician asks Edith to participate in a research study that he is conducting, suggesting that he will continue to give Edith the free samples only if she complies. Which of the following BEST describes the physician's behaviour?

Which of the following can never be a true independent variable in a research design?

A researcher compared the bone density of a group of 40-year-old women to a group of 65-year-old women and found a significant difference. This is an example of which type of effect?

Describe a cross-sectional research design, including an example of this design as well as a description of advantages and disadvantages associated with cross-sectional designs.

What role do proxies play in research involving older adults?

What type of research design was used in the Nun Study discussed in the text?

Discuss the results of the study by Pachana and her colleagues that examined the experiences of researchers submitting ethics proposals for research involving older adults with or without dementia.

Dr. Allen used a cross-sequential design to study changes in eating habits with age. When he attempted to publish his results, several reviewers identified a major confound in his study that occurred between which of the following?

Dr. Klein is using a cross-sectional design to study happiness at different ages. Which of the following is something that Dr. Klein will need to consider when analyzing her data?

Define informed consent and discuss three issues that can compromise informed consent in older adults.

Which type of design has the advantage of allowing a researcher to compare different age groups at a single point in time?

Describe three different types of sequential designs, provide an example of each, and describe the advantages and disadvantages of each of these designs.

What are the three core principles of the TCPS-2?

Hugh is 80 years old and has been offered a large sum of money to participate in a study examining the effects of exercise on the body at different ages. Hugh feels compelled to participate because he has very little income. Which ethical principle is being undermined in this scenario?

What type of design must be used when a researcher wants to separate age and time of measurement effects?

Which of the following is an advantage of using a longitudinal design?

A researcher is conducting a longitudinal study on helping behaviours among older adults in Alberta. Every five years each participant completes a survey related to volunteer work and charitable donations. The researcher collected data in 2016, a year when a wildfire destroyed Fort McMurray, Alberta, and many people in the province donated their time and money to help those affected. What might the fire introduce to the research study?

What does it mean when a researcher indicates their data are confidential?

Dr. Patel is conducting a longitudinal study and has discovered high rates of attrition. What does this mean?

A researcher uses a cross-sectional design and compares the height of women aged 30 through 90. The researcher finds that younger women are much taller than older women in the study. This finding exemplifies which of the following?