Exam 1: Abnormal Behaviour in Historical Context

Correct Answer:

Answered by Examlex AI Copilot

The three traditional models of abnormal behavior - supernatural, psychological, and biological - each offer different explanations for the causes of abnormal behavior and suggest different treatments for the mentally ill.

The supernatural model attributes abnormal behavior to supernatural forces such as demons, spirits, or curses. This model was prevalent in ancient cultures and often led to treatments such as exorcisms, rituals, or religious interventions. The focus was on driving out the perceived evil forces causing the abnormal behavior.

The psychological model, on the other hand, suggests that abnormal behavior is a result of psychological factors such as trauma, unresolved conflicts, or maladaptive thought patterns. This model became prominent with the development of psychology as a field and led to treatments such as talk therapy, behavior modification, and cognitive restructuring. The focus was on understanding and addressing the underlying psychological issues contributing to the abnormal behavior.

The biological model proposes that abnormal behavior is caused by physiological factors such as genetics, brain chemistry, or neurological abnormalities. This model gained prominence with advancements in neuroscience and led to treatments such as medication, electroconvulsive therapy, and other medical interventions. The focus was on correcting the biological imbalances believed to be responsible for the abnormal behavior.

In comparing and contrasting these models, it is important to note that the supernatural model relies on spiritual or religious explanations, the psychological model focuses on internal psychological processes, and the biological model emphasizes physiological factors. Each model has its own set of explanations for abnormal behavior and corresponding treatments for the mentally ill.

Overall, while the supernatural model has largely been replaced by more scientific explanations, the psychological and biological models continue to be influential in understanding and treating abnormal behavior. Contemporary approaches often integrate elements from all three models to provide a comprehensive understanding of abnormal behavior and offer a range of treatment options.